More than 40 institutions have set up the specialty of medical law in order to train inter-disciplinary talents of medical law.Many scholars undertook extensive research aiming at strengthening and developing this new specialty,but many problems still existed in its teaching and the quality of the graduates was been questioned.Through in-depth analysis of the existing research,we pointed out three problems of the current research:being subjective and lacking data support; confining to the ivory tower and lacking contact with the social; limiting to scholars and teachers and lacking retrospective thinking and critique from postgraduates.

Objective To observe the efficacy and complication of laser subepithelial keratom ileusis (LASEK) combined with mitomycin C (MMC) in treatment of high myopia.Methods 118 cases ( 236 eyes) diagnosed as high myopia were treated by LASEK combined with MMC.The changes of vision,refractive regression,postoperation pain and haze were observed.Results 7-days after operation,all patients' post-operation relief.6-months after operation,the quantity of vision reached or exceeded BCVA were 228 cases ( 96.61％ ),average refraction wsa ( + 0.54 ± 0.24 ) D,the incidence of haze was 4.66％.Conclusion Is safe the LASEK combined with MMC in treatment of high myopia,effective,low incidence of haze.

Objective To observe the effect of Dachengqi granule on degree of illness, blood levels of inflammatory mediators, incidence rate and mortality of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) so as to discuss its therapeutic mechanism on MODS. Methods A total of 51 patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in intensive care unit (ICU) were randomly divided into treatment group (n=26) and control group (n=25) for an observation of clinical manifestation and prognosis. The plasma levels of endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), interleukin-1? (IL-1?), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR) of each patient were measured in order to determine the curative effect of Dachengqi granule. Results The plasma level of endotoxin in treatment group was ameliorated more significantly than that in the control group. Dachengqi granule could down-regulate the levels of proinflammatory mediators including TNF?, IL-1? and IL-6 and antiinflammatory mediators including IL-4 and IL-10 and up-regulate the expression of HLA-DR (P

Atherosclerotic model of rabbit was established by feeding heavy dosage ofcholesterol for 60 days and then withdrew it for 30 days. The relation between cholesterolcontent, lipld peroxide (LPO), activity of antioxidative enzyme and the evolution of ath-erosclerotic lesions was observed. It was found that the serum cholesterol level increasedwith the increased duration of cholesterol feeding and reached a peak at the 60th day,then decreased rapidly after feeding was stopped. However the LPO level didn't fall, in-stead it was increased continuously to a much higher level than that of the control. Theanti-oxidative enzymes SOD and GSH-Px showed compensatory increase at the early stageof high LPO level. There after, it was decreased and was kept in lower level than thatof the control. There were developed atherosclerotic lesions of various degree in aorta,pulmonary and coronary arteries. Even one month after the stop of cholesterol feeding,progressive changes, such as large amount of smooth muscle cell proliferation and inflam-matory cell infiltration were observed, and the lesions became much more severe thanbefore. These results suggested that the exess of LPO in the serum resulted in inhibitionof anti-oxidative enzyine activity Which might play an important role in the initiatingand developing of atherosclerosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Operation Maps application on relieving anxiety of patients of the nurses of operation room preoperative visits. Methods:39 cases of operation were randomly divided into the application of operation maps 19 cases and routine visit group 20 cases, regular visiting group received routine preoperative interview content, and on the basis of content, the original application mapping group are visited by nurses carrying atlas album, and according to the related content the nurses explain to patients in the album when they introduce the patients the operating room environment surgery, surgical notes, position, etc. At the same time, the self rating anxiety scale measurement measures the anxiety of patients when they are admitted and after into operation room, and blood pressure, heart rate, pain intensity, the first time getting out of bed, exhaust time, clearing time, and they compare the difference. Results:The anxiety values of the original application mapping group mapping group, systolic blood pressure, heart rate are lower than regular visits group(t=2.28, t=4.756, t=10.28;P<0.05). Intensity of pain after operation in the two groups , get out of bed the first time, exhaust time showed no significant differences(t=3.04, t=3.06, t=2.56;P<0.01). Conclusion:Application of operation atlas of systematic, standardized preoperative visit is an important psychological guidance, and it can reduce the anxiety level of patients and effectively improve the quality of medical operation period.

The teaching method of histology and embryology experiment course are dis-cussed in this article and the teaching test,and some thoughts and experiences about how to im-prove the learning activeness of students are introduced as well.

Objective To observe the effect of passive smoking on Clara cells and secretion of Clara cell secretory protein (CC16) in rat lung tissue and to find some relations between passive smoking and chronic inflammation in the lung. Methods 40 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: passive smoking for 1 month (group 1), 2 months (group 2), and 3 months (group 3) and control group (n=10). The change of Clara cell ultrastructure was detected through transmission electron microscope and the lung pathology was examined by HE stain. The expression of CC16 mRNA in the lung was detected by RT-PCR. The number of Clara cells and synthesis of CC16 were detected by immunohistochemistry, the CC16 level in BALF was detected by ELISA. Results The ultrastructure of Clara cells in group 3 was destroyed greatly and the formation of pneumatocele was observed. The percentage of Clara cells in terminal bronchioles in group 2 and group 3 significantly decreased than that of the control(P

Objective To assess the effect of nicotinic acid on hyperphosphatemia in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.Methods Twenty-six MHD patients with stable disease condition and hyperphosphatemia that could not be successfully controlled by conventional methods were selected.All patients were treated with oral nicotinic acid for 20 weeks.The changes of serum calcium,high sensitivity Creactive protein (hs-CRP),albumin (ALB),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),gamma-glutmyltransferase (GGT),total bilirubin (TBIL),derect bilirubin (DBIL),high density lipoprotein cholesferol (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesferol (LDL-C),triacylglycerol (TG),total cholesterol (TC),intact parathyroid hormone,hemoglobin,platelet count,etc were observed before and after treatment.Results Two patients withdrew from this study because.of pruritus and diarrhea after two weeks of oral nicotinic acid.In 24 cases,compared with that before treatment,the serum phosphate,calcium-phosphorus product was decreased [(1.49 ± 0.19) mmol/L vs.(2.13 ± 0.16) mmol/L,(4.40 ± 0.49)mmol2/L2 vs.(5.45 ± 0.36) mmol2/L2] and HDL-C was increased [(1.45 ± 0.14) mmol/L vs.(1.18 ± 0.15)mmol/L] after treatment,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the serum calcium,iPTH,LDL-C,TG,TC,ALB,AST,ALT,GGT,TBIL,DBIL,hs-CRP,platelet count,hemoglobin between before and after treatment (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Nicotinic acid is effective as all adjuvant measure in control of hyperphosphatemia in patients on MHD and can increase HDL-C.It provides a new approach for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia.

Objective To study the effect of nitrobenzene(NB) on the activity of enzymes and the content of zinc in the testis tissue of mice. Methods 40 male mice were divided into 4 groups, 10 in each, 3 groups were treated with NB at the doses of 2, 20, 200 mg/kg by gavage, the control group was treated with vegetable oil in the same volume, once a day, for 21 consecutive days. The activity of G-6-PD, LDH and the content of Zn2+ in testis cells were determined. Results The index of epididymis and testis in the groups of 200 mg/kg were significantly lower compared with the control and 2 mg/kg group (P0.05). The activity of G-6-PD, LDH and the content of Zn2+ in all the treated groups were lower than those in the control group (P

Objective Based on the health standards for arsenic in drinking water recommended by WHO (0.01 mg/L) and adopted by decentralized rural water supply in China (0.05 mg/L), to explore the conditions of arsenic metabolism and levels of methylation in population consuming drinking water with different concentrations of arsenic. Methods Three hundred and forty-eight adults in Shanxi exposed to different concentrations of arsenic(≥0.05 mg/L, ≥0.01-0.05) in arsenic species , TAs , first methylation ratio (FMR) and SMR in lower exposure group and the control group. In higher exposure group, the FMR of adults aged over 60 years was significantly higher than that in groups of 18-39 years old and 40-49 years old (P0.05). Conclusion In higher exposure group, the 2nd reaction of the metabolic pathway is more active in female than that in male, and arsenic methylation capacity of the higher age group arise. No significant effects of gender and age on arsenic methylation capacity is found among population exposed to drinking water with lower level of arsenic.