The main characters and peroxidase isozymes of Coix lacryma-jobi L. and C.lacryma-jobi var.friumentacea Makino and their F1 hybrid were analyzed. Results showed that the plant height, area of leaves per plant, growth performance, and photosynthetic characteristic of F1 hybrid all exceedcd its parents. Bands of iso-peroxidase were different between F1 hybrid and itsparents. There were more band s of isoperoxid ase in the C.lacryma-jobi var. friumentacea Makino than in C.lacryma-jobi L..This is the first report to show the inheritance regularity of stigma colour which was controlled by two complementation genes.

Objective To investigate the effects of high-fat diet on fatty acid metabolism, expression and activity of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) in skeletal muscle in rats. Methods Male Wistar rats aged 22-24 months were randomly divided into old control (OC) group and high-fat diet (HF) group. Male Wistar rats aged 4-5 months were selected as young control (YC) group. The rats in OC and YC groups were fed with basic diet, and the rats in HF group received high-fat diet. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique. Skeletal muscle triglyceride was extracted and measured by an automated biochemistry analyzer. Long-chain acetyl coenzyme A (LCACoAs) were extracted from muscle and measured by a fluorospectrophotometer. Protein expressions of ACC and P-ACC were measured using SDS-PAGE and Western blot techniques. Results (1)Fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and free fatty acid were higher in OC group than in YC group and they increased significantly in HF group. Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TO levels were also elevated after high-fat feeding. (2)Glucose infusion rates (GIR) were reduced in OC group than in YC group, and decreased significantly after high-fat feeding. GIR was lower at the end of the 8th week than at the end of the 4th week in HF group. (3) Compared with YC group, skeletal muscle triglyceride and LCACoAs increased in OC group and increased significantly in HF group. (4)No alterations of protein levels of ACC in skeletal muscle were detected among three groups (P>0.05). The protein levels of P-ACC in skeletal muscle were lower in OC group, and much lower in HF group than in YC group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions Compared with young rats, abnormal fatty acid metabolism and insulin resistance always exist in aged rats. High-fat feeding results in a significant increase in lipid content in skeletal muscle. Alterations of ACC activity may contribute to fat accumulation in skeletal muscle and insulin resistance.

Objective To determine the nutrients contents in muscle of Culter erythropterus and evaluate its nutritive value. Method The nutrients composition was analysed by general method. Results The contents of moisture, crude protein, total fat, total sugar and ash were 78.29%, 18.31%, 0.97%, 1.18% and 1.17%, respectively. The total amount of AA, EAA, NEAA and FTAA was 71.93%, 31.61%, 40.32% and 25.57%, respectively. 26 kinds of FA were identified. There were 6 kinds of SFA, 20 kinds of UFA. The contents of SFA, MUFA and PUFA were 26.26%, 29.61% and 39.91%, respectively. The contents of DG, TG, FFA, Cho and PL were 3.69%, 11.71%, 23.60%, 0.54% and 60.46%, respectively. Conclusion The crude protein and PUFA were high in muscle of Culter erythropterus. It was beneficial for health to eat it regularly.

Objective To investigate the effects of high-fat diet on fatty acid metabolism in liver and insulin sensitivity in aged rats and to explore the mechanisms of insulin resistance associated with aging. Methods Male Wistar rats aged 22-24 months were randomly divided into old control (OC) group and high-fat diet (HF) group. Male Wistar rats aged 4-5 months were selected as young control (YC) group. The rats in OC and YC were fed with basic diet, and the rats in HF group received high fat diet. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique. Extracted liver triglyceride was measured by an automated biochemistry analyzer. Results (1) Compared with YC group, fasting blood glucose(FBG), fasting insulin(FINS) and free fatty acid were increased in OC group and were increased significantly in HF group. Triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TC) levels were also elevated in HF group. (2) Compared with YC group, glucose infusion rate (GIR) was reduced in OC group and was decreased significantly in HF group. GIR was lower at the end of the 8th week than that at the end of the 4th week in HF group. (3) Compared with YC group, liver triglyceride was increased in OC group and was increased significantly in HF group. Liver triglyceride was negatively correlated with GIR, and positively correlated with FBG. Conclusions Compared with young rats, abnormal fatty acid metabolism and insulin resistance always exist in aged rats. High-fat feeding results in a significant increase in lipid content in liver and more serious insulin resistance in aged rats. Lipid accumulation in liver may contribute to insulin resistance associated with aging and high-fat diet.