Objective To observe the variations and distribution of the pulmonary fissures of normal subjects in China on multi-planar recontruction (MPR) images of 64- slice helical CT.Methods A total of 1235 subiects underwent 64- slice helical CT scan with a slice thickness of 0.6 mm.The MPR images were observed to find normal interlobar fissures and the variations including the accessory fissures occurred in lobar or segmental lungs.Results Of the all cases,no variation was seen in 80.08%(989/1235),and pulmonary fissure variations occurred in the remaining 19.92%(246/1235).Among pulmonary fissure variations,20.33% (50 cases) occurred bilaterally,with the other 79.67%(196 cases) unilaterally.Of the unilateral pulmonary fissure variations,63.01%(155 cases) was seen in right lungs,and 16.66% (41 cases)was found in left lungs.There was neither oblique nor horizontal fissure in 1.22%(3 cases) of right lungs.Absence of oblique fissure happened more frequently in left lungs (6.91%,17 cases) than right lungs(3.65%,9 cases).Incomplete oblique fissure happened more frequently in left lungs (8.53%,21 cases)than in right lungs(4.06%,10 cases).Totally,absence of the horizontal fissures were found in 27.24%(67 cases) of the subjects,and incomplete horizontal fissures were found in 9.76% (24 cases).Accessory fissure were found in 83.33%(205 cases) of the subjects,and they happened more frequently in right lungs than in left lungs(53.66%,132 cases on the right,while 29.67%,73 cases on the left).Accessory fissures on right lower lobe and segments happened much more than on the left(40.65%,100 cases on the right,while 7.72%.19 cases on the left).Lingular fissures in the lungs were found in 15.85%(39 cases).The changes in shape and location of the oblique and horizontal fissures were found in 41.06%(101 cases),and happened more frequently in right lungs than left lungs (35.37%,87 cases on the right,5.69%,14 cases on the left).Conclusions Sixty-four-slice helical CT with MPR can clearly display pulmonary fissures and their variations,and it can distinguished small lesions from small vessels.

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of streamlined liner pharynx airway(SLIPA) and endotracheal intubation in the radical mastectomy under general anesthesia,and to evaluate the efficacy and safety.MethodsSixty patients scheduled for radical mastectomy were randomly divided into 2 groups.SLIPA group( S,n =30 ) and endotracheal intubation group(T,n =30).The data were kept regarding the insertion time and successful rate,MAP,HR,BIS were recorded at 6 time points:before induction ( T0 ),during SLIPA incursion or trachel intubation ( T1 ),3min after intubation( T2 ),before extubation( T3 ),after extubation ( T4 ),3 min after extubation ( Ts ).Ppeak,PetCO2 and SpO2 were measured after successful airway placement at 10min,30min,60min and to observe intraoperative and postoperative throat complications.ResultsThe time of endotracheal intubation group is significantly longer than SLIPA group (P ＜0.05).In group T,MAP and HR at T1,T2,T4,T5 were higer than at T0 and the same time points in group S(all P ＜ 0.05 ).No regurgitation and aspiration was found in two groups ( all P ＞ 0.05 ).The incidence of complicaton in group T is significantly higher than that in group S ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionSLIPA is easier placement,safety and efficacy when it is used for the radical mastectomy under general anesthesia without significant influences on hemodynamics and fewer complications of throat after operation.

AIM:To develop a new identification and analyfical method for Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum . METHODS: Powder X ray diffraction Fourier fingerprint pattern was adopted. RESULTS: The reference X ray diffraction Fourier fingerprint pattern and characteristic diffraction peaks of Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum were obtained by three samples of Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum and one sample of Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum . CONCLUSION: This method can be used for identification of Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum .

e thickness and axial MPR images with 7 mm reformatted slice thickness is the optimal protocal.

BACKGROUND: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) is a group of protein kinase related with neuronal apoptosis. Sleep derivation can lead to neuronal apoptosis.OBJECTIVE: To observe change and possible significance of MAPKs in rats after sleep deprivation.DESIGN: Prospective study with complete randomization.SETTING:Research Room of Nerve, Department of Physiology, Zhengzhou University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed at Zhengzhou University from June 2000 to October 2002. Totally 24 adult healthy SD rats were selected.METHODS: A total of 24 rats were randomly assigned into rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation group, REM sleep deprivation control group and normal control group with 8 rats in each group. The rats in the sleep deprivation group received successive sleep deprivationfor 72 hours from 8:00in the morning. The rats in the normal control group were fed in the rearing cage, having normal sleep-awareness cycle. Their morphological change was observed. Another 24 rats were grouped as above and determined with MAPKs. Morphological change of neurons in hippocampus of rats after sleep deprivation was observed with terminal dUTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL)staining. Changes of activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)and expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Morphological change of hippocampal neuron in rats after sleep derivation was observed. ②Changes of expressions of ERK and JNK in hippocampal neuron were observed.RESULTS: ①Morphological change of hippocarnpal neuron: A mass of apoptotic positive cells appeared in CA1 and CA3 regions of rats in the REM sleep deprivation group, mainly distributed in pyramidal layer of hippocampus. A few apoptotic cells appeared in CA2 region. Seldom apoptotic cells appeared in the CA4 region. There was no significant positive cell in hippocampal tissue sections of the normal control group and REM sleep deprivation control group. ②Change of ERK activity: It was significantly lower in the REM sleep deprivation group than the REM sleep deprivation control group and normal control group (1 764.00±941.56,6 139.67±2 863.62,566.700±2 763.41 ,t=3.211 1,0.986 3,P ＜ 0.05). ③JNK positive expression: It was markedly higher in the REM sleep deprivation group than the REM sleep deprivation control group and normal control group (87.5%, 25%, 75%, t=3.412 1, P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: The sleep deprivation can cause change of MAPKs activity, which may be related with neuron apoptosis.

Objective: To develop a new identification and analysis method of crude drug Pheretima . Method: Powders of pheretima were identified by means of X ray differacion Fourier pattern. Results: Experiments and analysis were carried out on five samples of pheretima. The standard X ray diffraction Fourier pattern and characteristic diffraction peaks of Pheretima were obtained.Conclusion: This method can be used for identification on crude drug Pheretima .

AIM: To explore the change and the possible role of MAPKs in rat hippocampus neuron after sleep deprivation. METHODS: The morphology of hippocampus neuron after sleep derivation was observed by TUNEL and HE staining, the activity of ERK was assayed by ?-liquid scintillation counting and the expression of JNK was detected by Western blot. RESULTS: In paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) group, the number of apoptotic cells in hippocampus was increased. The scores of ERK activity were (1 764.00)?941.56. Compared with control groups, the ERK activity was obviously decreased (P

Objective To investigate the effect of raloxifene on the mRNA expression of endothelin-1 in vascular endothelial cells and assess the role of estrogen receptor. Methods Bovine carotid endothelial cells were pretreated with 10nM raloxifene for 24 hours, then total RNA was harvested and Northern blotting was performed to investigate the effect of raloxifene on the mRNA expression of endothelin-1. Furthermore, estrogen receptor inhibitor, 100nM ICI 182 780 was used to pretreat the cells together with raloxifene and the expression of endothelin-1 was observed too. Results The mRNA expression of endothelin-1 in bovine carotid endothelial cells was inhibited significantly by pretreatment with raloxifene and this effect could be blocked by ICI182 780 (0.16?0.05 vs 0.39?0.07, P

Objective:To investigate the effects of biologics on psychological status and quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 42 hospitals in 22 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) from September 2021 to May 2022. General clinical information and the use of biologics were obtained from adult patients diagnosed with IBD who voluntarily participated in the study. Psychological status was evaluated using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) assessment tools. Counts were analyzed via the Chi-square test, and datasets that were not normally distributed were analyzed via nonparametric tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 2 478 valid questionnaires were collected. The GAD-7 score of the biologics group was significantly lower than that of the non-use group [6 (2, 9) vs. 7 (3, 10), Z=-3.49, P<0.001]. IBDQ scores [183 (158, 204) vs. 178 (152, 198), Z=-4.11, P<0.001], intestinal symptom scores [61 (52, 67) vs. 58 (49, 65), Z=-5.41, P<0.001], systemic symptom scores [28 (24, 32) vs. 27 (23, 31), Z=-2.37, P=0.018], emotional ability scores [69 (58, 77) vs. 67 (56, 75), Z=-3.58, P<0.001] and social ability scores [26 (22, 29) vs. 25 (22, 29), Z=-2.52, P=0.012] in the biologics group were significantly higher than in the non-use group. GAD-7 scores [5 (2, 9) vs. 6 (3, 10), Z=-3.50, P<0.001] and PSQI scores [6 (4, 9) vs. 6 (4, 9), Z=-2.55, P=0.011] were significantly lower in the group using infliximab than in the group not using it. IBDQ scores were significantly higher in patients using vedolizumab than in those not using it [186 (159, 205) vs. 181 (155, 201), Z=-2.32, P=0.021] and were also significantly higher in the group treated with adalimumab than in the group not treated with adalimumab [187 (159, 209) vs. 181 (155, 201), Z=-2.16, P=0.030]. However, ustekinumab had no significant effect on any of the scores. Conclusion:The use of biologics is strongly associated with improvements in anxiety status and quality of life in IBD patients.