Objective The present study was initiated to determine the expression profiles of the Fox genes in normal Balb/c mouse liver and their dynamic expression changes during fibrogenesis induced by experimental bile duct ligation(BDL).Methods RT-PCR was employed to detect 18 Fox family members including Foxo1,Foxo3,Foxm1,and Foxl1 in normal mouse liver.After mice were bile-duct-ligated,real time fluorescence quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR)was performed to ananlyze the dynamic mRNA expression changes of 9 inflammation-or proliferation-related Fox family genes.Results All the 18 Fox genes were found to be exDressed in the normal mouse liver and bile duct ligation profoundly influenced the expression of Fox transcriptional factor family genes.The expression of Foxol was significantly reduced by BDL,while FoxoL1 and Foxom1 expression were enhanced in this roodel.Moreover,the expression of Foxo1 and Foxo3 were the highest among the Fox members.Conclusion The Fox family genes-related to inflammation and proliferation were dynamically changed during BDL-induced liver injury,it indicates these genes were involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of atorvastatin combined with aspirin on carotid atherosclerotic plaque and blood biochemical parameters in patients with minor stroke.Methods 120 patients with acute minor stroke were randomly divided into A group,B group and C group,40 cases in each group in 40 cases.On the basis of conventional treatment,A B,C groups,were given 10,20,40mg atorvastatin + 100mg aspirin,continuous medication for 6 months.Before and after treatment,the lipid metabolism and oxidation indexesindices,blood rheological parameters,carotid IMT and plaque area were compared among the three groups.Results After treatment,TC,TG,LDL,HOMA-IR,IMT and plaque area were significantly decreased in all groups (t =12.687,3.653,10.590,3.675,all P ＜0.05),and TC,TG,LDL,HOMA-IR,IMT and plaque area of C group were significantly lower than those of A group and B group,the differences were statistically significant(F =63.315,5.987,4.876,4.354,3.657,3.887,all P ＜0.05).After treatment,fibrinogen,plasma viscosity,erythrocyte rigidity index and hs-CRP were significantly decreased(t =3.437,4.325,3.876,3.487,all P ＜ 0.05).And the hs-CRP of C group were was significantly lower than those that of A group and B group,the difference was statisticallysignificant(F =4.532,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Atorvastatin combined with aspirin can significantly improve the carotid atherosclerotic plaque and blood biochemical parametersindexes in patients with minor stroke,and high dose atorvastatin has better effect in on patients with'carotid plaque,lipid metabolism and inflammatory reaction better effect.

Venous thromboembolism,including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism,is one of the common complications after stroke,and it also significantly increases the mortality in patients with stroke.Because of limb paralysis,prolonged bed rest,and specific hypercoagulable state,the patients with stroke become the high risk population of thrombosis.The preventive measures manly including physical and drug prevention.Clinical studies have confirmed that anticoagulation therapy for the prevention of venous thromboembolism is effective in patients with ischemic stroke.However,for patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage,whether anticoagulant drugs can be used and how to use them have not yet reached consensus,mainly on account of the risks of rebleeding or hematora enlargement.This article reviews the related literatures in recent years and summarizes the advances in research on the prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To evaluate the correlation of pathology with color Doppler flow imaging and spectral flow Doppler in breast lumps for raising the diagnostic rate of breast lumps.Methods One hundred and sixteen cases with breast lumps were examined by color Doppler ultrasonography in comparison with their pathological results.Results ① In the group of malignant lumps,peak wave of contractive period often appeared ahead; contractive waves rose and descend quickly; beginning wave of diastolic period often appeared below the middle point of descending wave of contractive period; the latest wave of diastolic period often did not appear or appeared contrast wave .② In the group of benign lumps,peak wave of contractive period often appeared normal; contractive waves rose and descend slowly; beginning wave of diastolic period often appeared above the middle point of descending wave of contractive period ;the latest wave of diastolic period often appeared.Conclusions Spectral flow Doppler is an important index in differential diagnosis of breast lumps.

Objective To verify the efficiency and stability of hydrogen-rich water preparation with hydrogen-rich rods. Methods ①Seven firenew hydrogen-rich rods were separately placed in seven plastic bottles, each filled with distilled water and soaked for 6 h, before the hydrogen concentration of the water was measured.This process was repeated 10 times.②After the hydrogen-rich rods with the strongest and weakest hydrogen product capacity were removed, the remaining 5 hydrogen-rich rods were placed separately into 5 plastic bottles filled with distilled water,put in a water bath pot at 20,40 and 60℃, respectively, and kept for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h, respectively.Then, the hydrogen concentration, oxidation-reduction potential(ORP),and dissolved oxygen concentration(DO) were measured at various time points.③In order to determine the hydrogen emission rate from the hydrogen-rich water, the hydrogen-rich rods were constantly kept in some samples and the others were removed.All the sample bottle caps were kept open during the experimental process, and the hydrogen concentration was measured at such time points as 0, 10 and 30 min, 1, 2, 5, 12, 24, 30, 48 and 72 h, respectively.Results ①The hydrogen-rich rods used in this study could well meet the requirements.②When the environment temperature was kept constant, the hydrogen concentration of the water was increased with the soaking time of the hydrogen-rich rods, and the ORP of the water was reduced.However, the DO of the water was decreased with the rise of the environment temperature.③When the hydrogen-rich water was kept in opened plastic bottles with a 25 mm oral diameter, the hydrogen concentration of the samples with the hydrogen-rich rods reserved was almost about 0.50 ppm until 72 h, and that of the others was reduced to almost 0 ppm.Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the hydrogen-rich rods test is a simple and effective method for preparing hydrogen-rich water, which will be an valuable and useful method for using hydrogen-rich water in health promotion and prevention of chronic diseases.

Objective To evaluate the effect of liver function on liver enhancement in hepatobiliary phase of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid(Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI.Methods Sixty-seven patients who suffered from cirrhosis and received enhanced MRI with Gd-EOB-DTPA were retrospectively analyzed,and divided into three subgroups according to ChildPugh score(45 patients in group A,20 in group B,5 in group C).All the individuals of both groups had MRI before injection,and hepatobiliary phase images were obtained at 5,10,and 20 minutes after bolus administration of Gd-EOB-DTPA.The relative enhancement(RE) was calculated by dividing the signal intensity of liver(SI) at t min after injection(SIt) by precontrast SI(SI0).The total serum bilirubin level(TB),serum albumin level(Alb) and prothrombin time(PT) were recorded.The one-way ANOVA was used to compare the RE among three groups at 5,10 and 20 minutes.SNK was used for further pairwise comparison.The effect of liver function on RE was assessed with the generalized linear model.Pearson correlation coefficients were measured between each biochemical test result(TB,Alb,PT) and RE at different time points.Results The RE at 5,10 and 20 minutes were 1.59±0.20,1.65±0.22,1.69±0.25 of group A; 1.47± 0.14,1.48±0.18,1.50±0.22 of group B,1.35±0.07,1.27±0.06,1.26±0.06 of group C.There were statistically significant differences of RE among groups at 5,10 and 20 minutes(F=5.854,11.207,9.666,P＜0.01).Statistically pairwise comparison differences of RE were found between group A and C at 5,10 and 20 minutes(P＜0.01),between B and C at 10 and 20 minutes(P＜0.05),between A and B at 10 minutes(P＜ 0.05).There were statistically significant differences of TB,Alb and PT among groups(P＜0.01).RE at 10 and 20 minutes had moderate negative correlation with TB(r=-0.483,-0.500; P＜0.01),low negative correlation with PT(r=-0.326,-0.351;P＜0.01) and weak positive correlation with Alb(r=0.290,0.292;P＜0.05).Conclusions There are differences of RE among patients with different liver function,and the RE is associated with TB,Alb and PT.Thus,it may allow us to estimate the liver function.

Left atrial myxoma is one of the rare causes of cerebral infarction.As the left atrial myxoma complicated artery embolization is more common in cerebral vessels,the first clinical manifestation of about 1/3 patients with left atrial myxoma was cerebral infarction.This article reports a 24-year young female without common vascular risk factors,including hypertension,diabetes,and hyperlipidemia.Multiple cerebral infarctions are the first symptom in patients with left atrial myxoma,and they are analyzed in combination with literature.

Objective To investigate the treatment effect of atorvastatin in patients with soft carotid atherosclerotic plaques using contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS).Methods Sixty patients with acute cerebral infarction and soft carotid atherosclerotic plaques were divided into two groups:high-dose atorvastatin treatment group(40 mg daily)and control group without atorvastatin treatment.The same soft carotid plaque in each patient was examined before and after 3-months'treatment respectively using CEUS.The parameters of CEUS were compared between pretherapy and post-treatment,including arrived time (AT),time to peak(TTP),peak intensity(PI),based intensity(BI)and enhanced intensity(EI,EI=PI-BI).Results EI of carotid plaques in treatment group was decreased significantly than that in control group after three months'treatment(P＜0.05).While the difference of EI in control group has no significance between pre-therapy and post-treatment(P＞0.05). Conclusions The neovascularization in soft carotid plaques was reduced after 3-months'treatment of a high dose atorvastatin.CEUS can be used to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin in treatment of soft carotid plaques.

Objective To prepare gadolinium-loaded stearic acid grafted chitooligosaccharide (COSSA-DTPA-Gd) and evaluate its micelle properties,cytotoxicity,relaxation rate in vitro,and pancreatic tumor in vivo imaging.Methods Stear ic acid grafted chitooligosaccharide (COSSA) was synthesized by acetylation reaction between stearic acid and chitooligosaccharide.Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic dianhydride (DTPA) was conjugated to the residual amino groups of COSSA,then Gd3+ was chelated to obtain the final product.The micelle properties were measured using an electron microscopy and a laser particle sizer.The MTT assay was adopted to determine cytotoxicity.The in vitro relaxation rate and in vivo imaging of pancreatic tumor were evaluated using an MR scanner.Results COSSA-DTPA-Gd could self-assemble into stable micelles in aqueous solutions with a critical micelle concentration of (5.12±0.43)μg/ml.The micelles had positive charge and exhibited roughly spherical shape with a mean diameter of (58.3± 5.7)nm.The content of Gd3+ in COSSA-DTPA-Gd was 330.31 μmol/g.The nanoprobe and Magnevist,the commercial formulation,showed similar cytotoxicity (P＞0.05).The cell survival rate within 24 h were higher than 85％.The in vitro relaxation rate of COSSA-DTPA-Gd was 8.23 mM-1 ·s-1.After intravenous injection,COSSA-DTPA-Gd showed a better positive contrast-enhancing effect for pancreatic tumor than Magnevist.The MR images at the tumor periphery was rapidly enhanced,while a slow increase in image quality was observed in tumor core.Conclusion The prepared COSSA-DTPA-Gd can be used for efficient MR imaging of pancreatic tumor.

Healthy granulation tissue played an important role in the wound healing process. However, some factors which interfered the process would result in unhealthy granulation tissue. Unhealthy granulation tissue may affect wound repairing. This article would focus on the concept, mechanisms, interventions of unhealthy granulation tissue.