Objective To investigate whether PCF could inhibit apoptosis of HaCat cells induced by ultraviolet B(UVB) in vitro and explore its related mechanism.Methods HaCat cells were cultured and divided into groups(control,model,and test groups).The DNA ladder of each group was observed by gel electrophoresis;The expression of caspase-3 in HaCat cells was detected by flow cytometry and the activities of ERKs,JNKs,P38 were determined by western-blot method.Results PCF decresded UVB-induced DNA ladder in HaCat cells;PCF enhanced the level of ERKs,but reduced the level of JNKs and p38,and reduced the expression of Caspase-3 in HaCat cells.Conclusion PCF had protective effects against UVB-induced apoptotic cell death in HaCat cells and it is likely that its cytoprotective effect on HaCat cells was mediated by MAPKs pathway.

The paper firstly introduces the research status of autism and analyzes the gap between China and the US in autism net-work service, proposes using the mainstream socialized Q&A community data in foreign countries to construct an autism Q&A knowledge base.It introduces data collection, management, service process and key issues of the knowledge base and gives application examples of the knowledge services.Construction of this knowledge base can provide targeted and valuable knowledge services to users and can help enhance the retrieval efficiency.

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine gland malignanct tumor. Numerous studies have found that the content of peripheral blood circulating RNA in various cancer types is aberrantly expressed, which could be a potential biological diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. Tissue-speciifc messenger RNA has a dysregulated expression and may be used for the diagnosis and residual/metastatic detection of thyroid cancer. Recent studies have showed that non-coding RNA (ncRNA) could act as oncogene or tumor suppressor gene in bacteria, fungi and mam-mals. It plays a regulatory role in occurrence and development of tumors and stably exists in peripheral blood. It is hopeful that it will become a new marker for diagnosis of tumors. This review introduces some latest research progress on circulating RNA associated with thyroid cancer; and emphatically discuss the role of mRNA, microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in thyroid tumorigenesis and metastasis.

Objective To comparison curative effects between radiofrequency coblation and CO 2 laser in treat‐ment of early glottic carcinoma .Methods A total of 104 patients with early glottic cancer (Tis ,T1a ,T1b ) were treated in our department from October 2007 to December 2012 .Among them 64 cases underwent radiofrequency ablation (radiofrequency group) while 40 cases underwent CO2 laser resection (CO2 laser group) .The operation time and the postoperative pain VAS scores were recorded .All of the patients were examined by electronic laryngoscopy and a‐coustic analysis in 1 week ,1 month ,3 months after surgery .Results The mean operation time of radiofrequency group was 8 .75 ± 1 .62(min)and CO2 laser group was 11 .82 ± 1 .51(min) .The radiofrequency group was better than CO2 laser group(P < 0 .05) .The differences of postoperative pain VAS score was not statistically significant be ‐tween radiofrequency group(2 .79 ± 0 .47) and CO2 laser group (2 .96 ± 0 .64)(P> 0 .05) .The mucosal recovery of radiofrequency group in 1 month after surgery was better than the CO2 laser group (χ2 = 13 .842 ,P< 0 .05) .Subjects in radiofrequency group and CO2 laser group showed statistical significance and linear trends in jitter ,shimmer ,HNR over time by univariate test of repeated measurement ANOVA (P < 0 .05) .The differences of acoustic parameters (jitter ,shimmer ,HNR)between radiofrequency group and CO 2 laser group were statistically significant by multiva‐riate test of repeated measurement ANOVA (P< 0 .05) .The differences of 3 - years survival rate ,local recurrence rate ,recurrence rate with anterior commissure involved and postoperative adhesion rate with anterior commissure in ‐volved were not statistically significant between radiofrequency group and CO 2 laser group (P > 0 .05) .All of the patients had not underwent tracheotomy .They did not have cough ,dyspnea ,severe pain ,hemoptysis ,serious compli‐cations after surgery .Conclusion Both radiofrequency coblation and CO 2 laser are safe and effective surgical meth‐ods in the treatment of early glottic carcinoma .The operation time of radiofrequency coblation is shorter than CO 2 laser surgery .The mucosal recovery in 1 month after surgery and acoustic recovery of radiofrequenay coblation are all better than that of the CO2 laser surgery .

Objective To investigate the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in pancreatic cancer and its relationship with P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),and to study its correlation with invasion,metastasis and drug re- sistance.Methods The expressions of EMMPRIN,P-gp and VEGF in 34 cases of pancreatic cancer were detected by immunohistochemistry.The correlation analysis and Chi squared test were been used by SPSS 10.0.Results The positive rates of EMMPRIN,P-gp and VEGF in pancreatic cancer were 61.8%,55.9% and 64.7% respectively.EMMPRIN,P-gp and VEGF were associated with lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05),but not associated with sex,age,size of tumor and degree of differentia- tion (P＞0.05).There were close relationship between EMMPR1N and P-gp,VEGF respectively (r= 0.398,r=0.432,P＜0.05).Conclusions EMMPRIN,P-gp and VEGF were higher expressed in pancreatic cancer.EMMPRIN express was correlated with both P-gp and VEGF.It has indicated that during the progression of pancreatic cancer,there are close relationship between invasion,metastasis and drug resistance,and EMMPRIN may play key role in this process.

BACKGROUND: Major psychological problems in patients with carcinoma of large intestine(CLI) were depression and anxiety. Are these bad moods correlated with the pathological stages, the pathological classification and the clinical manifestation of CLI?OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the depression and anxiety state and the clinical manifestations in CLI patients.DESIGN: A comparative observation on patients was conducted in this study.SETTING: This study was conducted at the Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command(MAC) of Chinese PLA and the Department of General Surgery, the 307 Hospital of the Chinese PLA. PARTICIPANTS: This study was conducted in the General Surgery Department of the General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from February 2002 to February 2003. Totally 79 inpatients and outpatients were diagno sed as CLI by pathological examination. Their informed consents were obtained. Among them, 68 were accordant with the inclusion criteria, 51 males and 17 females; 21 with an age ≥55 years and 47 with an age ＜ 55 years; 39 with an average course of disease≥10 weeks and 29 with an average course of disease ＜10 weeks; 49 in Dukes A-C stages of CLI and 19 in Dukes D stage; 13 with a cancer of anal canal, 55 with a nonanal-canal cancer; 42 with a squamous cell carcinoma and 26 with a nonsquamous carcinoma; 40 with a serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) ≥30 μg/L and 28 with it ＜30μg/L; 44 with a serum level of interleukin-8 (IL-8)≥90ng/L and 24 with it＜90 ng/L.METHODS: Sixty-eight patients with CLI received self-rating depression scale(SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) testing made by Zung in one week before treatment. Statistical analysis of the scores was performed according to the classifications of age, sex, course of disease, pathological stages, types of carcinoma, and serum level of CEA and IL-8 respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The occurrence of depression and anxiety in CLI patients(standard scores of SDS and SAS were ≥50 ). ②The relationship between the standard scores of SDS and SAS and the various variables as age, sex, course of disease, pathological stages, types of carcinoma and serum level of CEA and IL-8.RESULTS: Totally 68 patients with CLI entered the statistical analysis procedure. ① The incidence of depression and anxiety(standard score ≥50) were 48% (33/68) and 43% (29/68) in patients with CLI. ② In patients with an age ＜55, male patients, and patients with a course of disease ≥10weeks, the standard scores of SDS(46.51 ±9.82, 47.74 ± 14.25, 48.38 ± 11.73) and SAS(44.28 ±11.24, 45.06±13.27, 45.78±12.59) were significantly higher than those in patients with an age ≥55,female, and with a course of disease ＜10 weeks(SDS: 43.27 ±10.06, 42.63±10.06, 42.19±14.34;SAS: 41.65±12.77, 41.22±10.89, 42.30±10.21) (t=2.192-2. 329, P ＜0.05). In patients in Dukes D stage of carcinoma, those with a cancer of anal canal and those with a nonsquamous carcinoma, the standard SDS scores(48.04±12.71, 47.23±9.85, 48.06±14.32) and SAS scores (44.96±10.13, 45.17±12.34, 45.28±14.38) were significantly higher than those in patients with Dukes A-C stages of carcinoma, with nonanal canal cancer, and with a squamous cell carcinoma(SDS: 43.42±11.97,44.05±12.14, 44.36±10.57; SAS: 42.23±13.04, 42.39±11.09,43.14±10.60) (t=2.136-2.298, P ＜0.05).In patients with serum level of CEA ≥30 μg/L and with IL-8 level ≥90 g/L,the standard scores of SDS(48.27±11.69, 49.04±12.24) and SAS(44.94±13.34,45.26±12.70) were significantly higher than those in patients with CEA ＜30μg/L and IL-8 ＜90 ng/L( SDS: 43.48±12.76, 44. 15±13.61;SAS: 41.47±10.58, 41.71±14.53) (t =2. 248-2. 314, P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: It is showed that those patients with these variables as a longer course of disease, an older age, male, a more advanced Dukes staging,and higher levels of CEA and IL-8 are prone to depression and anxiety.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab and (or) triamcinolone combined with laser photocoagulation for macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) during one year period.Methods The data of 31 eyes from 31 consecutive patients with macular edema secondary to BRVO during one year follow-up visit were retrospectively analyzed.Mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) logMAR was (0.74±0.36) and mean central retinal thickness (CRT) was (484.48± 164.81) μm at baseline.All patients received standardized clinical comprehensive examinations including vision,intraocular pressure and optical coherence tomography for diagnosis before treatment.All patients received intravitreal injections of 0.5 mg ranibizumab (0.05 ml) at first visit.The continue PRN treatment were based on the visual acuity changes and the optical coherence tomography findings.Eyes received combined triamcinolone acetonide 0.05 ml (40 mg/ml) and ranibizumab for macular edema recurrence after two injections of ranibizumab and received laser photocoagulation during 10-14 days after third injections of ranibizumab.Mean injection of ranibizumab was 3.52± 2.01,15 eyes with triamcinolone acetonide (0.84 ± 1.21),21 eyes with laser photocoagulation (0.97± 0.95) and 12 eyes with three treatment.Compared the visual acuities and CRTs of the first and the last visits by statistical analysis.Results Mean visual acuity improved significantly to 0.42±0.33 logMAR (t=6.611,P=0.000).Mean improvement of visual acuity was 2.90± 3.07 lines.A gain of three or more logarithmic lines was evaluated in 20/31 eyes (64.52％) at the last visit.Mean CRT was (326.19± 117.80) μm (t=4.514,P=0.000).Mean reduction of CRT was (333.58±134.17) μm.A decrease of 100 μm of CRT was evaluated in 17/31 eyes (54.84％).No severe ocular and systematic side effect was found.Conclusion The efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab and (or) triamcinolone combined with laser photocoagulation for macular edema secondary to BRVO were assured.

Aim To explore the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ( NADPH ) oxidase in high glucose-induced injury in H9c2 cardiac cells. Methods H9 c2 cardiac cells were exposed to differ-ent concentrations of high glucose(5. 5 mmol·L-1 ,11 mmol · L-1 ,22 mmol · L-1 ,33 mmol · L-1 ,44 mmol ·L-1 , 55 mmol · L-1 ) for 24 h and different time pints of high glucose(0 h,12 h,24 h,36 h,48 h,72 h) . Cell viability was measured by MTT colorimetry, the protein expression of Bcl-2 , Bax and NADPH oxi-dase submits such as p22 phox , p47 phox and p67 phox were determined by western blotting. Results H9c2 cardi-ac cells exposure to high glucose for 24 h showed on decrease in cell survival and the Bcl-2 expression while an increase in the Bax expression ( P<0. 05 ) . Moreo-ver, high glucose could markedly up-regulate the activ-ity of NADPH oxidase characterized by the enhanced expression of p22 phox , p47 phox and p67 phox ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion Activating NADPH oxidase may play an important role in high glucose-induced injury in H9 c2 cells.

Corticosteroids,anti-vascular endothelial growth factor,antibiotics and antiviral were the main 4 classes of drugs for intravitreal injection.Depending on the class and volume of medication,age and gender of patients,ocular axial lengths or vitreous humour reflux,intraocular pressure (IOP) can be elevated transiently or persistently after intravitreal injection.Transient IOP elevation occurred in 2 weeks after intravitreal injection,and can be reduced to normal level for most patients.Only a small portion of such patients have very high IOP and need intervention measures such as anterior chamber puncture or lowering intraocular pressure by drugs.Long term IOP elevation is refers to persistent IOP increase after 2 weeks after intravitreal injection,and cause optic nerve irreversible damage and decline in the visual function of patients.Thus drug or surgical intervention need to be considered for those patients with high and long period of elevated IOP.Large-scale multicenter clinical trials need to be performed to evaluate the roles of the drug and patients factors for IOP of post-intravitreal injection,and to determine if it is necessary and how to use methods reducing IOP before intravitreal injection.

Corin is a kind of type II transmembrane serine protease.Recently, its application in cardiovascular field like hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease (CHD) etc.have received more and more attention.The present article made following review on research progress of Corin in cardiovascular field.