Ovarian cancer is highly lethal despite multiple therapies, and new therapies are therefore needed.Retinoids are potential anticancer drugs that can promote apoptosis,inhibit growth and induce differentiation in cancer cells,and all these functions are regulated by the expression of retinoid receptors.Herein the recent researches on the expression of retinoid receptors in ovarian cancer are reviewed.

Objective To study the time-dependent changes and mechanisms of auditory cortex in prelingual sensorineural hearing loss. Methods Two groups (9-12, 19-22-year-old) of hearing-loss patients and matched normal hearing subjects received MR diffusion and MRS examination. The ROI for ADC measurement were placed on the Heschl gyrus (HG), and for NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr on the superior temporal gyrus(STG). Results There was no statistical difference among groups both in the NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr (P>0.05), Left side NAA/Cr 2.46±0.51, 2.49±0.52, 2.26±0.33;Right side NAA/Cr 2.26±0. 46, 2. 44±0. 45, 2. 27±0. 46. Left side Cho/Cr 0. 88±0. 21,0. 92±0. 18, 0. 87±0. 13 ; Right side Cho/Cr 0. 88 ± 0. 18, 0. 87 ± 0. 22, 0. 81 ± 0. 16. There was statistical difference of ADC value among normal hearing subjects and 9-12, 19-22-year-old hearing-loss patients(F = 4. 42, P < 0. 05, F = 11.37,P<0. 05). There was significant difference of ADC value between normal hearing and 19-22 year-oldhearing-loss (q = - 44. 89, P = 0. 008, q = - 54. 28, P = 0. 027) on both left and right HG, and there wassignificant difference between normal hearing and 9-12 year-old hearing-loss only on right HG (q =- 32. 54, P = 0. 000), Left side (860 ± 103), (885 ± 48), (905±77) mm<'2>/s, Right side (848 ± 73),(880 ± 61), (902 ± 52) mm2/s. Conclusion Compared with the normal hearing, the ADC value increased in 20-year-length of deafness. The NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr of STG showed no changes among the three groups.

Objective To evaluate the value of MSCT in differentiate cystic lesions in different cervical region. Methods Forty cases with cyst lesions in the neck which was confirmed by pathology were collected in our study. The following diseases were excluded: cystic lesions from thyroid gland and thymus or bronchus, cystic changes of solid lesions ( necrotic lymph node) and cystic or solid lesions in the parotid gland. All patients underwent MSCT scan on GE Lightspeed 16. The parameters were following: 120 kV,260 mA, thickness 5 mm, pitch 1. 375. The delay time for contrast enhanced CT was 25 seconds for arterial phase and 60 seconds for vein phase. Results Lesions were analyzed in 4 different cervical regions including parotid gland, midline, lateral cervix and posterior cervix. Among the lesions in parotid area,2 were first brachial cyst and the other 2 were epidermoid cyst. First brachial cyst occurred intraparotid gland and epidermoid cyst occurred intraparotid or extraparotid gland. Among the lesions in midline area, 17 cases were thyroglossal cysts,81.0% were in the level hyoid bone, 12 cases of thyroglossal cysts protruded at the preepiglottic space or oral base. Another kind of lesions in midline included 3 cases of epiglottic cysts and 1 epidermoid cyst in the lower level of the neck which involved infrasternal level. The 12 cases of second brachial cysts occurred in the lateral neck. Ten cases were in the left side. Type Ⅱ was the most common type and account for 5 cases among all of second brachial cysts. Type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ were running up,accounting 3 cases respectively. Type Ⅳ account for 1 case. Two cases with lymphangioma and 1 case with third brachial cyst located at the posterior neck. Conclusion According to the location and typical imaging appearance, MSCT can do the differentiation of different cystic lesions in the different area of neck.

Objective To study the imaging of central pentine myelinolysis (CPM) and extrapontine myelinolysis(EPM) after liver transplantation and value of DWI. Methods Eight patients after liver transplantation with CPM and EPM were included in our study, 4 cases of female and 4 cases of male.MR examinations were performed on Philips 1.5 T MRI system. The sequences included SE T1 WI, FSE T2Wl,axial SE-EPI DWI,TR/TE 6225/118.7 ms, ETL 128, FLIP 90°, thickness 5 nun, matrix 128 ×128,b=1000 mm2/s. Results Four of B type hepatitis and cirrhosis and 1 case combined with hepatic carcinoma, 1 of C type hepatitis with cirrhosis from schistosome,2 of C type hepatitis and cirrhosis, 1 of cholangiogenic cirrhosis. MR demonstrated prolongation of T1 and T2 with a shape of butterfly, round or quadrangle on the brain stem sparing of the corticospinal tract and peripontine tissue. The lesion manifested high signal intensity both on DWI and ADC map indicating T2 effect and vasogenic edema. Follow up MR in 2 cases 2 months later showed more prolongation of T1 and T2 than the first time and the lesion manifested iso-intensity signal on DWI and high signal intensity on ADC map suggesting increased diffusivity. Abnormal signal intensities were detected on the bilateral caudate head, globus pallidus, putamen and cerebral cortex in 3 cases. Conclusion CPM should be considered when prolongation of T1 and T2 with a shape of butterfly, round or quadrangle on the brain stem, sparing of the corticospinal tract and peripontine tissue was detected for patients of pest-transplantation. When combined with other area abnormality, EPM and CPM should be considered. DWI can early and sensitively show the lesion.

Objective To observe MSCT and clinical features in patients of laryngocarcinoma combined with other primary carcinomas. Methods Five patients of laryngeal cancer combined with multiple primary cancer were enrolled in the study. Three paitents had long-term smoking history more than 20 years. Three paitents had various degree of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The second primary cancer located in right upper lung lobe in 2 patients of synchronous cancer and 1 patient of metachronous cancer. The others located in soft palate, uvula and the left side of zone Ⅱ and zone Ⅳ in the neck, respectively. MSCT and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results Five patients of multiple primary cancers included 2 patients of synchronous cancer and three patients of metachronous cancer. MSCT found the appearances of malignant tumors in various parts in all 5 patients and cervical lymph nodes metastasis in 2 patients. Conclusion The possibility of prime laryngocarcinoma combined with other primary cancers should be considered when other organ malignant tumor was detected in patients with laryngeal carcinoma, especially in patients with history of long-term smoking, radiotherapy and chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Long-term following-up of cervix and other organs should be taken for the postoperative patients of laryngocarcinoma.

Objective To evaluate microdeletion of DAZ gene on the Y chromosome in patients suffering from idiopathic azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia.Methods The four sites including SY154,SY155,SY254,SY255 and SRY regions of Y chromosome in 38 cases of idiopathic azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia were detected by STS-PCR.Results Six cases of microdeletion of DAZ genes were found in 38 patiens,microdeletion rate was 15.8%.Five cases from 30 patiens suffering from idiopathic azoospermia,microdeletion rate was 16.7%.One case from 8 patients suffering from severe oligozoospermia had microdeletion.The microdeletion rate was 12.5%.Conclusions The microdeletion of DAZ gene is a major cause of idiopathic azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia leading to male infertility.Therefore,DAZ gene should be detected and PGD should be done prior to ICSI for the patients suffering from idiopathic azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia.

Objective To study the MRI features of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(sCJD). Methods Three patients with clinically diagnosed sCJD underwent MR study,including SE T_1WI,FSE T_2 WI,and DWI sequences.The MR imaging features were analyzed.Results The lesions were not definite either in SE T_1 WI or in FSE T_2 WI,but were prominent in DWI.Abnormal hyperintensive signal appeared in the cerebral cortex,with the frontal,parietal,and occipital lobes being the mostly involved region.The subcortical white matter was normal.The bilateral caudate nuclei and thalami could also be involved.The abnormal signal could be either symmetrical or asymmetrical.There was diffuse atrophy of the brain parenchyma in the late phase of disease,especially in the cortex.Conclusion With the application of MR study,especially the DWI,combined with its characteristic clinical manifestation,the diagnosis of sCJD can be made definitely.

This study analysed the tissue specific expression of critical genes involved in chlorogenic acid and luteolin biosynthesis, for exploiting the molecular mechanism of components biosynthesis in Lonicera confusa. Expression of PAL, 4CL, C4H, CHS, CHI, FNS and HQT gene families of chlorogenic acid and luteolin biosynthesis-related genes in buds and leaves of L. confusa were analyed by Real-time PCR. Expressions of PAL1, C4H1, 4CL1, CHS1, CHI3 and HQT2 in buds were lower than that in leaves, and expressions of PAL3, 4CL2, CHI2 and FNS2 in buds were higher than that in leaves. The results indicated that that PAL3 and 4CL2 may be associated with accumulation of chlorogenic acid, and the expression patterns of PAL1, CHS1, CHI3 and HQT2 in buds and leaves of L. confusa were different with L. japonica. This study provided some theoretical basis for the further research on genetic mechanism of active components differences in L. confusa and L. japonica.
Biosynthetic Pathways ; Chlorogenic Acid ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Lonicera ; genetics ; metabolism ; Luteolin ; biosynthesis ; Multigene Family ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

A test was conducted to examine the effect of several electron donors such as glucose, sodium acetate, Fe0, Fe0+glucose and Fe0+sodium acetate on reductive dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) through inoculating the unacclimated anaerobic mixed bacteria. The optimum condition and sus-tainability of Fe0 as electron donor was also been discussed. The results showed that, Fe0+glucose enhanced the dechlorination of contaminant effectively compared to glucose. Sodium acetate, Fe0 and Fe0+sodium acetate were all effective electron donors and Fe0 was the optimum, the optimum initial pH was 8.0 and quantity of added Fe0 was 2.0 g/L. 4-CP was the mainly intermediate product for 2,4-DCP dechlorination. Fe0 could support the electron for reductive dechlorination of 2,4-DCP continuously. In contrast, when so-dium acetate as electron donor, the effect of dechlorination was inferior to Fe0 with the consumption of sodium acetate.

Objective To explore a method of detecting the horizontal localization ability in normal children aged 1~3 years old, and to obtain the minimum audible angle (MAA) at horizontal 0° degree in these children.Methods Using minimum audible angle measure procedure on the basis of conditioned play audiometry and behavioral audiometry methods, sound localization test at horizontal 0° degree was conducted in 37 children aged from 1 to 7 years old with stimulus of different frequencies.Results All 37 children completed the 1 000 Hz tests, 35 children completed the 500 Hz tests, and 30 children completed the 4 000 Hz test.An analysis of 30 children who completed all the tests was performed, 15 of them aged 1~3 years old and the rest aged 4~7 years old.The results for children aged 1~3 years old were as below: 1 000 Hz MAA(0°) =3.57°±1.35°,500 Hz MAA(0°) =5.03°±2.96°,and 4 000 Hz MAA(0°) =5.4°±2.86°, respectively.The results for children aged 4~7 years old were as below: 1 000 Hz MAA(0°) =3.56°±1.48°,500 Hz MAA(0°) =3.5°±2.17°,and 4 000 Hz MAA(0°) =6.13°±4.09°, respectively.There was no significant difference in MAA (0 °) at corresponding frequencies between the two groups.For the children aged 1~3 years old, there was no significant difference in MAA (0 °) among 500 Hz, 1 000 Hz and 4 000 Hz frequencies.For the children aged 4~7 years old, there was significant difference in MAA(0 °) between 500 Hz and 4 000 Hz as well as between 1 000 Hz and 4 000 Hz frequencies.However, there was no significant difference in MAA (0 °) between 500 Hz and 1 000 Hz frequencies.Conclusion MAA test procedure on the basis of conditioned behavioral audiometry and play audiometry could be used to evaluate the ability of sound localization in 1~3 years old children.The frequencies may have effects on children''s sound localization test results and there was no significant difference in MAA (0 °) between the 1~3 years old group and the 4~7 years age group.