OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between arachidonic acid (AA) and acute red blood cells damage in rats, and to build a model with hidden blood loss in vivo, and to explore the pathological mechenism of hidden blood loss.

METHODSA total of 50 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing (200 ± 20) g were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10): control group and four experimental groups. The rats in the experimental groups were given 0.5 ml different concentrations of AA dilu- ents, 5, 10, 20, 40 mmol/L respectively. The blood samples were collected from orbital venous at the beginning and 24, 48, 72 hours after administration. Then the changes of hemoglobin (Hb) ,red blood cell count (RBC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH- PX) activity, total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and hydrogen peroxide (H202) in the blood samples were tested.

RESULTSSignificant hidden blood loss occurred when the concentration was 10 mmol/L in the experimental group, with the RBC and Hb sharply reduced in blood samples. The Hb and RBC were reduced in all the experimental groups and control group at 24 hours after administration, while in the experimental groups they changed more obviously. The GSH-PX activity, T-SOD activity and H₂O₂were also significantly reduced in all groups, and the changes showed significant differences. The Hb and RBC were relatively stable in the control group and the experimental groups at 48 hours after administration; while GSH-PX activity, T-SOD activity and H₂O₂were all significantly decreased, and the changes in the experimental groups were more notable.

CONCLUSIONElevated levels of AA in the blood causes oxidative stress in the red blood cells, leading to the damage of red blood cells and hemoglobin, which is responsible for hidden blood loss.

Animals ; Arachidonic Acid ; toxicity ; Erythrocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

Objective To study the effectiveness of the laboratory diagnosis of multiple myeloma(MM)patients with immun-ofixtion electrophoresis (IFE),protein electrophoresis (SPE)and immunoglobulins and light chain quantitative analysis. Methods Selected 192 MM patients and 30 healthy controls during June 2012 to December 2013 and analyzed the results of IFE,SPE and immunoglobulins,and light chain quantitative analysis in MM patients.Results M protein bands were seen in 120 cases (62.5%)by using SPE and M protein were positive in 174 cases (90.6%)among the 192 MM patients by using IFE.IFE showed that IgG were maximum type of the M protein (106 of 192,55.2%).There were IgG-λ type 66 cases (34.4%),IgA type 36 cases (18.8%)and free light chain type 24 cases (12.5%).Immunoglobulins of different immuno-phenotypes had higher than the nomal group with serum immunoglobulin and light chain quantitative analysis (P <0.05). The detection rate was 67.7% (130/192).Whateverκ-type M protein orλ-type M protein,the ratio ofκ/λwas significantly abnormal (P <0.05).The detection rate was 85.4% (164/192).Conclusion The better detection rate of immunological techniques such as immunofixtion electrophoresis and immunoglobulins quantitative analysis might provide valuable basis for the diagnosis and treatment of MM clinically and prevent misdiagnosis.

This study was aimed to observe the effects ofFeng-Shi-Ning (FSN) capsule on the balance of IL-17+CD4+T (Th17) / Foxp3+CD4+CD25+regulatory T (Treg) cells in peripheral blood and the inflammatory media in synovial fluid of rats with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in order to further study the mechanism of FSN capsule in RA treatment. The collagen-induced arthritisⅡ (CIA) was used in the RA rat model establishment. The balance of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood was analyzed by the flow cytometry method for effects of FSN capsule treatment. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-4 and IL-10 in synovial fluid were measured by cytometric bead array (CBA) method. The effects of the normal rats, CIA model rats and the rats treated by tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablet (TPT) were compared. The results showed that compared with the model group, the percentage of Th17 cells in both the FSN capsule group and high-dose CIA group were obviously decreased (P < 0.05). The percentage of Treg cells had the tendency of increasing in all treatment groups with no significant difference (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference on Th17 and Treg cells among each treatment group and TPT group (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group, the high-dose and middle dose FSN can obviously reduce the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-17A in synovial fluid of rats in each FSN group (P < 0.05). There was no obvious upregulating effect on IL-4 and IL-10 in synovial fluid of each FSN group (P > 0.05). Compared with the TPT group, there were no significant differences on IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-4 and IL-10 in each treatment group (P > 0.05). It was concluded that FSN can obviously reduce the percentage of Th17, decrease the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-17A in synovial fluid. However, it had no obvious effects on the percentage of Treg cells, or the secretion of IL-4 and IL-10 in synovial fluid. The mechanism of FSN capsule in RA treatment may be through regulating Th17 cells, adjusting body immune imbalance, and inhibiting the excessive secretion of inflammatory media in synovial fluid.

Objective · To explore the change of metabolomic profiling after erlotinib (anepithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor)resistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells (PC9-ER), and find the differential metabolome associated witherlotinib resistance. Methods · Metabolic profiling of PC9-ER cells and homologous parent PC9 cells was acquired by the ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS). The data were analyzed by multi-dimensional statistical methods, such as partial least squares projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), to select and identify differential metabolites associated with erlotinib resistance. Results · A total of 14 differential metabolites were identified in PC9-ER cells. Seven up-regulated metabolites included N-acetylspermidine, phosphatidylethanolamine, AMP, pantothenic acid,proline, glutamate, and histidine, while seven down-regulated metabolites included citrulline, phosphorylcholine, glutathione, cysteinylglycine, glutathione oxidized, NAD, and S-adenosylmethionine, mainly participating in glutathione metabolism, glutamate metabolism, ammonia recycling, and protein biosynthesis. Conclusion · Metabolic profiling of erlotinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells was changed. The information of differential metabolites associated with erlotinib resistance could provide clues for new resistance mechanisms and potential metabolism-related drug targets.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the marginal adaptation between the new nano-hydroxyapatite composite resin and tooth.

METHODSThirty extracted healthy premolars were randomly assigned to three groups according to the material employed: New nano-hydroxyapatite composite resin (Group A), Karisma composite resin (Group B), and glass ionomer cement (Group C). After the thermal cycling, the teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue dye, and the depth of microleakage between the composite and tooth structure were observed.

RESULTSThe microleakage depth of group A, B and C were (1.20+/-0.81), (1.94+/-0.70), and (1.73+/-0.54) mm, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found among the three groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the degree of microleakage (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONAs a new dental restorative material, new nano-hydroxyapatite composite resin has good bonding performance to the tooth structure.

Composite Resins ; Dental Leakage ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; Durapatite ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Humans ; Resin Cements

The rapid mutation and widely spread of duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) lead to the vast economic loss of the duck industry. To prepare and evaluate bivalent inactivated vaccine laboratory products of DHAV, 6 strains were screened from 201 DHAV-1 strains and 38 DHAV-3 strains by using serotype epidemiological analysis in most of the duck factory. Vaccine candidate strains were selected by ELD50 and LD50 tests in the 6 strains. Continuously passaged, the 5th passaged duck embryos bodies grinding fluid was selected as vaccine virus seeds. The virus seeds were treated with formaldehyde and water in oil in water (W/O/W) emulsions, making into three batches of two bivalent inactivated vaccine laboratory products. The safety test, antibody neutralization test, challenged protection and cross immune protection experiment suggested that the vaccines possessed good safety, and neutralizing antibodies were detected at 7th day and the challenged protection rate reached 90% to 100% at the 14th and 21st day. Moreover, immune duration of ducklings lasted more than five weeks. However, cross-immunity protection experiments with DHAV-SH and DHAV-FS only had 20%-30%. The two bivalent inactivated vaccine laboratory products of duck viral hepatitis were effective and reliable, providing a new method as well as a new product for DHAV prevention and control.
Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; blood ; Ducks ; virology ; Hepatitis Virus, Duck ; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal ; prevention & control ; virology ; Neutralization Tests ; Picornaviridae Infections ; prevention & control ; veterinary ; Poultry Diseases ; prevention & control ; virology ; Vaccines, Inactivated ; immunology ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines ; immunology

In order to broaden the application area of the new nitrogen removal technology, a full-scale system for short-cut nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) was investigated in the nitrogen removal from a strong-ammonium pharmaceutical wastewater. When the influent ammonium concentration was (430.40 ± 55.43) mg/L, ammonia removal efficiency was (81.75 ± 9.10)%. The short-cut nitrification and Anammox system could successfully remove nitrogen from the pharmaceutical wastewater. The start-up of short-cut nitrification system took about 74 d and the nitrite accumulation efficiency was (52.11 ± 9.13)%, the two-step mode using synthetic wastewater and actual wastewater was suitable for the start-up of short-cut nitrification system. The start-up of Anammox system took about 145 d and the maximum volumetric nitrogen removal rate was 6.35 kg N/(m3·d), dozens of times higher than those for the conventional nitrification-denitrification process. The strategy achieving Anammox sludge by self-growth and biocatalyst addition was suitable for the start-up of Anammox system.
Ammonia ; chemistry ; Bioreactors ; Drug Industry ; Nitrification ; Nitrites ; chemistry ; Nitrogen ; chemistry ; Sewage ; microbiology ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; methods ; Waste Water ; chemistry

Objective To explore the changes of pubescent immune response in the schizophrenia offspring induced by poly(I:C) during pregnancy and the effects on white matter.Methods The obtained pregnant rats were randomly divided into model group(n=6) and control group (n=5), receiving either poly (I:C) at a dose of 10 mg/kg diluted in 0.9％ NaC1 solution or vehicle solution alone (sterile pyrogen-free 0.9％ NaC1) on gestation day 9 (GD9).Immunohistochemical technique(IHC) was applied to detect the changes of microglias and astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex(PFC) and hippocampus(HC) of partly offsprings in the two groups at the sixth week,as well as Luxol fast blue(LFB) for the changes of white matter.The other offsprings of each group were selected for behavioral assessment at the eighth week.Results The results of prepulse inhibition test showed that PP2, PP4 and PP8 of model groups were significantly lower than that of the control group at young adult(P＜0.01).In passive avoidance test, and the T1 results of model group were significantly higher than those of the control group, the T results of model group were lower than those of control group (P＜ 0.01).Immunohistochemical results indicated that the number of microglias in the model group((264±33)/mm2, (271 ±38)/mm2) was significantly increased in PFC and HC than that in the control group((140±29)/mm2, (169±37)/mm2, P＜0.05) ,which was accompanied with significant morphological changes, while the OD value of astrocyte protein expression in the frontal lobe and hippocampus had no obvious difference between the model group and control group(P＞0.05).The OD value of LFB staining for myelin in the model group(0.29±0.02) was significantly decreased compared with that in the control group(0.33±0.03)(P＜0.01).Conclusion The young adult offsprings with prenatal infection present obvious schizophrenia-like behavior, meanwhile, the microglias activation and demyelination changes in white matter are observed,which provides more evidence for the relationship between immune response and white matter in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

Objective Studying the status quo and constraints for rural healthcare service in grassroot rural healthcare units,for policy recommendations.Methods Using data from the fourth healthcare service investigation,by means of quantitative interview and qualitative interview,for an investigative interview of 348 township hospitals and 251 village clinics in 31 provinces in China.Results Deployment percentage of primary heahhcare services at township hospitals level is 49.1% (28.0/57),and that for village clinics is 60.6%(5.4/9).Conclusions The key to upgrading rural healthcare service system at grassroots level is to deploy better diagnostic equipments,upgrade the diagnostic competence of grassroots healthcare personnel and build a continuous service system for primary healthcare service.