Objective To observe the effects of mirtazapine to improve the life quality of malignant tumor patients with moderate or severe depres-sion. Methods Patients with mood disorders screened by the physician were then graded by the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)under the tu-telage of ward psychological consultant. Fifty patients with moderate or severe depression were selected by psychological doctors and recruited for the study. After obtaining consent,the patients received 15-60 mg/d mirtazapine every night for 9 weeks. According to the Quality of Life Rating Scale (QOL),the scores of these patients were evaluated at the pretreatment,the 3rd week and the 9th week of the post-treatment. Then,the life quality conditions before and after treatment were revaluated. Results The scores of HAMD were 33.16±7.25,28.74±6.24,and 22.58±6.71 at the pretreat-ment,the 3rd week and the 9th week of the post-treatment,respectively. There were significantly different among the HAMD scores at the pretreat-ment,the 3rd week and the 9th week of the post-treatment.(F=30.99,P<0.01). The scores of HAMD were improved significantly between the pre-treatment and the 3rd week of the post-treatment(P<0.05). The scores of HAMD were also improved significantly between the 3rd week and the 9th week of the post-treatment(P<0.05). After treatment by mirtazapine,the appetite,spirit,sleep,fatigue,pain,the reorganization of cancer,the attitude towards treatment,the side effect of treatment and the facial expression were significantly improved(P<0.01). Conclusion Mirtazapine could improve the life quality of malignant tumor patients with moderate or severe depression.

The paper firstly introduces the research status of autism and analyzes the gap between China and the US in autism net-work service, proposes using the mainstream socialized Q&A community data in foreign countries to construct an autism Q&A knowledge base.It introduces data collection, management, service process and key issues of the knowledge base and gives application examples of the knowledge services.Construction of this knowledge base can provide targeted and valuable knowledge services to users and can help enhance the retrieval efficiency.

AIM:To explore the learning curve of the Indian standardized manual small-incision cataract surgery(SICS).METHODS:Totally 253 cases(295 eyes)of senile cataract were divided into three groups (Group A: training group, Group B and C: strengthened groups) according to the operation time from December 2012 to December 2014.All cases were performed with manual SICS by the same trainee ophthalmologist.To research the learning curve of manual SICS and evaluate surgical effects, the best corrected visual acuity and complications were observed. RESULTS: At 1wk postoperatively, the rate of relief from blindness in all three groups after operation were 100%, the rate of relief from visual handicap in group A, B, C were 93.7%,93.0% and 91.0% respectively.Complication rates were 2.1%, 7.0% and 3.0% respectively in three groups.Posterior capsular rupture accounted for 50% of all complications.No severe postoperative complications were found, such as nucleus or IOL falling into vitreous cavity, endophthalmitis, corneal endothelial function dysfunction and expulsive choroidal hemorrhage.CONCLUSION: Manual SICS is safe and effective.Because of helping to shorten the learning curve and decrease the incidence of complications, the standardized manual SICS training is worth using for reference.

Abstract?AIM: To characterize the effects of sodium iodate on mouse retinal morphology and function.?METHODS: Sodium iodate at 35mg/kg ( body weight) was administered by tail vein injection into adult 6-8wk C57BL/6J mice. Morphological and functional changes of the retina were assessed at 6h, 1, 3, 5 and 8d after injections by fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography (OCT), ERG and histology. Mice in control group were give tail vein injection of equivalent dose of normal saline. All the eyeballs were removed for paraffin section and H-E staining.?RESULTS: The fundus photographs images at 6h after injection showed obvious changes, which were light red in retina and showed retinal blood vessels radial arranged. At 6h after injection, off-white drusen-like change was found at fundus. While there were no observable changes in OCT image and ERG. At 1d after injection, the fundus lesion aggravated and the drusen increased gradually. There were retinal pigment epithelial ( RPE) disorders, photoreceptors and outer nuclear layer (ONL) damage through OCT. At 3d after injection, the retina lesion aggravated further and the retina became edema. At 5d after injection, the retina edema cleared away, the optic nerve became white and the fundus lesions increased. At 8d after injection, the RPE layer, photoreceptors and ONL were destroyed obviously. In the process, ERG showed the amplitudes of a- and b-wave decreased in a time-dependent manner. H-E staining showed that cells in retina of mice in control group were neatly arranged and well- distributed. The outer layer retina of sodium iodate injection group was wave-like, the normal structure of RPE disappeared and black round sediment could be seen which increased with time. At 8d after injection, there were any normal RPE.?CONCLUSION: The tail vein injection of sodium iodate can well simulate the pathogenesis of age - related macular degeneration which can provide a good animal model for AMD.

Objective:To explore the main economic and social factors influencing human health. Methods:By using the partial least squares(PLS) method and the panel data from areas of China in 2011, regression model related with economic social factors and human life expectancy was built. Results: Per capital GDP, the proportion of the tertiary industry, the number of people beyond college diploma per million people and the number of health technical personnel per 1 000 people has inverse relationshop with life expectancy;the proportion of medical costs accounted for fiscal expenditure, the ratio of fiscal deficit, rate of unemployment and Gini coefficient have reverse relationshop with life expectancy. Conclusion: To improve the level of human health, it needs to take comprehensive measures.

Objective: To explore the impact of regional economy on structure of total health expenditure. Methods: According to the panel data of China from 2002 to 2011, the partial least-squares regression method was used to build the relationship model of regional economy and total health expenditure construction. Results: Per capital GDP, the proportion of the tertiary industry, financial revenue per capita and urban residents disposable income have negative correlation with resident individual health expenditure, while the Engel coefficient has positive relationship with them. Conclusion: Optimizing industrial structure and raising the income of residents are the key factors of optimizing the structure of total health expenditure.

Objective To compare direct magnetic resonance(MR)arthrography with arthroscopy of the wrist for evaluation of injury in the triangular fibrocartilage complex(TFCC).Methods Fourteen cases with suspicion of injury of triangular fibrocartilage complex were performed with conventional MR and direct MR arthrography,10 cases were done by arthroscopy.In the direct MR arthrography,needle placement was obtained using clinical landmark under sterile technique and fluoroscopy,intra-articular injection was performed at the radius-scaphoid space with 5-7 ml 0.3%mixture of Gadolinium (0.1 mmol/L)and saline(0.3 ml Gd-DTPA+100 ml saline).The findings of MRI and MR arthrography were analyzed with results of arthroscopy.Resuits (1)Among 14 cases with injury of TFCC,there were ulnar tear in 5cases,radius tear in 4 cases,complete tear in 5 cases(included 2 cases with long term rheumatoid).(2)High signal intensity and isointensity signal of injury of TFCC were revealed on STIR or T2 WI and T1 WIrespectively,normal hypointensity signal of the TFCC was partially or completely absent.Contrast media at the ulnar insertion(5 cases with ulnar tear)or radius attachment of the TFCC(4 cases with radius tear)were seen in the MR arthrography with difierent extent,5 cases with complete tear showed contrast media at the both ulnar insertion and radius attachment of the TFCC.The findings of MR arthrography were well corresponded with results of arthroscopy on the lesion site,including ulnar tear in 3 cases,radius tear in 4cases and complete tear in 3 cases.(3)Among 14 cases with TFCC,8 cases had dislocation of radius-ulnar joint,6 cases had bone contusion of radius or ulnar,synovial reaction was also clearly depicted on conventional MRI and direct MR arthrography in all cases.Conclusion Compared with results of arthroscopy,direct MR arthrography can adequately reveal the injury of the triangular fibrocartilage complex,synovial reaction and edema changes are depicted on conventional MRI.

Objective To investigate the significance of plasma D-dimer in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome(APS). Methods The levels of plasma D-dimer in 104 SLE patients and 50 normal individuals were measured by immunoturbidimetry. Results The level of D-dimer in SLE was obvious higher than that in normal individuals(t=5.172,P0.05). Conclusion The level of plasma D-dimer in patients with SLE rised obviously. Its rise was associated with disease activity and secondary APS in SLE.

Objective: To investigate the loneliless situation of the elderly, and explore the relationship between loneliness,filial expectations and intergenerational social support among the elderly. Methods: Using UCLA Loneliness Scale, Intergenerational Social Support and Fealty Expectation Questionnaire, we investigated 423 samples of old people aged 60 ～94 of Changsha City. Results: The mean score of loneliness was 39.8 (s =7.3). Ordinal regression analysis indicated that the loneliness of the elderly was significantly related to received adult children social support (OR=2.208, P=0.006),afforded adult children social support(OR=2.056,P=0.01) and filial expectation(OR=1.872,P=0.027),controlled by age, sex, level of education, marriage, level of family income, and residence status. Filial expectation directly affected loneliness and indirectly affected loneliness through received adult children social support and afforded adult children social support. Conclusion: The loneliness of the elderly are significantly related to filial expectation and intergenerational support.

Objective In order to understand and evaluate the significance and action of the whole body's regulation in the organism's heat shock response, this paper analyzed the difference between the anaesthetic and sober mice in the same heat shock condition. Methods The anaesthetic and sober mice were treated respectively in 40, 42,44 and 46℃ for 30?min and then recovered for 24?h in normal raise. The heat shock protein 70(HSP70) in mouse livers were checked by Western blot.The acid and neutral proteinase activities in mouse livers were checked by renatured electrophoresis of proteinases. Results HSP70 synthsis in the sober mouse livers was decreased by 44\|46℃, but it was stronger in the anaesthetic mouse livers. The acid proteinase activities in the sober and anaesthetic mouse livers basically indicated a positive relationship with HSP70 synthesis, but the neutral proteinase activities showed a negative relationship.Conclusion Based on the results, it was inferred that the anaesthetic mouse livers had a higher heat\|resistance than that of the sober mouse livers, and that the stress response of the mouse livers was regulated by two levels of cells and whole body, which also involved in other physiological and biochemical actions except the heat shock protein synthesis. [