Aim To establish a modified method of tissue digestion and cis-platin concentration measurement in tissue by atomic absorption spectrometry.Methods Using shimadzu atomic absorption spectrometry system and under the conditions of AA-6300 atomic absorption spectrophotometer,GFA-Ex7i graphite furnace,ASC-6100 automatic sampler and platinum hollow cathode discharge lamp,the cisplatin concentration of the tissues containing loading cisplatin magnetic nanomedicine which were digested with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide in water bath,was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer at 265.9 nm.Results The concentrations of cis-platin in different tissues were in the linear range of 54~283.5 ?g?L-1;all the correlation coefficient were larger than 0.999 and all the inter-day and intro-day variation coefficient were smaller than 5%.Conclusion The modified method of tissue digestion and atomic absorption spectrometry applied is of high precision and efficiency, suitable for the pharmacokinetic research on cis-platin.

BACKGROUND:Anticancer drugs-loaded magnetic nanopartides,as a novel targeting drug delivery system,are characterized by high drug loading dose,targeting location transport,heat effect of magnetic grains,and biological degradation.Thus,this system brings new hopes for chemical therapy with high efficiency and low toxic and side effects.OBJECTIVE:To observe in vitro toxic effects of complexing cis-diaminedichloroplatinum (CDDP)-loaded magnetic nanopartides on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) CNE2 cells.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The in vitro controlled study was performed at the Laboratory of Pharmacology,Northern Region,Sun Yet-sen University in March 2005.MATERIALS:CDDP was provided by Shandong Qilu Pharmaceutical factory.CDDP-loaded magnetic nanoparticles (CDDP-SAMNP),43-52 nm in particle diameter.Utilization rate of CDDP was about 65%.NPC CNE2 cell line was supplied by the Laboratory of Cell Pathology,Cancer Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University.METHODS:This study contained medication and control groups.The medication group was assigned to CDDP and CDDP-SAMNP groups.CDDP and CDDP-SAMNP were diluted by RPMI-1640 medium.Drug concentration was in accordance with CDDP content.The control group was divided into RPMI-1640 medium and SAMNP groups (adding ferroso-ferric oxide,magnetic nucleus concentration was 7 g/L,diluted by the medium).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:MTT assay was used to observe kill and wound rate of 1.89-11.34 mg/L CDDP and corresponding dose of CDDP-SAMNP on NPC CNE2 cells following 24 and 48 hours.Uptake of CDDP-SAMNP by CNE2 cells was investigated under a transmission electron microscope.RESULTS:SAMNP as the medium group had no effect on killing or wounding CNE2 cells (P＞0.05).With the increment of CDDP and CDDP-SAMNP dose,the kill and wound rate presented an obvious dose-effect relationship.At the same dose,the same medicine showed an increasing kill and wound rate with the extension of reaction time,presenting an obvious time-effect relationship.At 24 hours after reaction,the kill and wound rate of CDDP-SAMNP and CDDP were similar (P＞0.05).At 48 hours,at the dose from 1.89 to 5.04 mg/L,the kill and wound rate of CDDP-SAMNP was lower than that of CDDP (P＜0.05),but when increased to 6.93 mg/L,the kill and wound rate of CDDP-SAMNP was dose to that of CDDP.SAMNP and CDDP-SAMNP could be easily taken into CNE2 cells.CONCLUSION:Effect of CDDP-SAMNP on killing and wounding NPC CNE2 cells is close to that of cis-diaminedichloroplatinum at the same high dose.The active sources are the cis-diaminedichloroplatinum released from the nano-camers.The stability of modified CDDP-SAMNP has been increased and its therapy effect has not been influenced.

Objective The light and electron-microscopic examination was utilized to study the tissue from middle ears diagnosed as having tympanosclerosis. The main purpose of this article is to understand the clinicopathologic and electron-microscopic characteristics of 68 patients with tympanosclerosis. Methods The material for histopathologic and electron-microscopic studies were taken from the tympanic mucosa in various localities, especially from the whitish sclerotic masses in the tympanum of the patients with tympanosclerosis, during middle ear surgeries between 2006 and 2008. Specimens were divided into two groups: one group of 68 specimens was fixed and stained for light microscopic study with hematoxylin-eosin; the second group of 12 specimens was viewed in the electron microscope. Results The specimens from tympanic mucosa showed granulation tissue with infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells, and slight fibrosis in the submucosal layer. The histopathology of the plaques after haemaoxylin and eosin staining revealed dense bundles of collagen with hyaline degeneration and scattered areas of calcification. An ultrastructural examination of these specimens revealed fibrocytes that were irregularly shaped, elongated, and degenerating. The osmiophilic cytoplasm contained vesicles and collagen bundles. There were clusters of mitochondria in perinuclear cytoplasm and lots of electron dense calcareous deposits within lysosomes and degenerated mitochondria in fibrocyte cells. Conclusion The histopathologic examinations of tympanosclerosis revealed dense fibrous and collagenous connective tissues, poor in cell, with hyaline degeneration and occasional calcification in the tympanic mucosa. Electron-microscopic studies further revealed marked proliferation of collagen fibers and electron dense calcareous deposits within lysosomes and degenerated mitochondria in fibrocyte cells.

Aim To evaluate the protective effects of salvianolic acid B on the ISO-induced myocardial is-chemic injury model of rats and the influence of regula-ting NLRP3 associated protein on myocardial ischemia. Method All rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and Sal B 5, 10, 15 mg · kg-1 groups. For 7 days, rats in Sal B groups were given by introperitoneal injection of 5, 10, 15 mg·kg-1 Sal B, rats in control group and model group were given the same volume of normal saline. Rats were subcutane-ously multi-point injected ISO ( 30 mg · kg-1 ) for 2 days on the fifth administrating day. The myocardial protective effect of Sal B was evaluated from electrocar-diogram( ECG), myocardial tissue pathological chan-ges, serum myocardial enzymes, oxidation index and inflammatory cytokine, myocardial tissue of NLRP3 related protein expression. Results Sal B could re-duce the degree of myocardial tissue necrosis and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduce T-wave values of ECG(P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Compared with model group, CK values, GOT values and IL-1β values of rats in different dose groups were significantly lower, and MDA values and LDH values of rats in middle-and high-dose groups were significantly lower ( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01 ) . However, T-SOD values of rats middle-and high-dose groups were significantly higher ( P <0. 05 or P<0. 01). Meanwhile,the NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β protein level in myocardial tissue of the rats in different dose groups compared with model group had reduced ( P <0. 05 or P <0. 01 ) . Conclu-sion Sal B has protective effects on myocardial ische-mic rats, its mechanism may be related with inhibition of decreasing the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome associated protein, which can suppress the generation of inflammatory cytokines.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the multi-channel cochlear implantation in patients with Waardenburg syndrome including surgeries, pre and postoperative hearing assessments as well as outcomes of speech recognition. METHOD: Multi-channel cochlear implantation surgeries have been performed in 12 cases with Waardenburg syndrome type II in our department from 2000 to 2008. All the patients received multi-channel cochlear implantation through transmastoid facial recess approach. The postoperative outcomes of 12 cases were compared with 12 cases with no inner ear malformation as a control group. RESULT: The electrodes were totally inserted into the cochlear successfully, there was no facial paralysis and cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred after operation. The hearing threshold in this series were similar to that of the normal cochlear implantation. After more than half a year of speech rehabilitation, the abilities of speech discrimination and spoken language of all the patients were improved compared with that of preoperation. CONCLUSION Multi-channel cochlear implantation could be performed in the cases with Waardenburg syndrome, preoperative hearing and images assessments should be done.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; methods ; Cochlear Implants ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Waardenburg Syndrome ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: To explore the disease incidence, clinical symptoms, prevention and treatment measures of the large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS). METHOD: Retrospective analyse the medical history, hearing, vestibular function examination and treatment of 76 LVAS patients who were diagnosed in our department of Otolaryngology from 2002 to 2008. RESULT: Most patients (93.4%) showed sensorineural hearing loss. Part of patients (61.8%) showed air-bone conduction gap in low frequency. The hearing loss of 43 ears is > 40-60 dB HL, > 60 -80 dB HL 47 ears, > 80 dB HL 62 ears. Decline curve is the characteristic of the Audiogram. The decline in high-frequency 112 ears, flat curve in 29 ears, island hearing in 11 ears. Forty-six patients were conducted the vestibular function examination, which showed low vestibular function. Tympanogram showed that 141 ears are type A, 11 ears are type C. High-resolution CT scan revealed that vestibular aqueduct minimum diameter is 2.2 mm and the largest is 6.2 mm, with a wide opening and deep narrower, and showed the "triangle" or "flared". Forty-two cases of this group were simple dilatation of the vestibular aqueduct, and no large vestibular semicircular canal malformation or cochlear malformation. There was no intellectual and other development disorders. In accordance with the degree of hearing loss, 20 cases of patients restored hearing after drug treatment. Eleven were cases fit a suitable hearing aid and carried out the language rehabilitation training. Forty-five very severe patients were implanted the cochlear and mapping one month later. CONCLUSION Fluctuative and progressive hearing loss is the main clinical symptoms of large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. The patients should be examined by high resolution CT scan of the temporal bone. There is no precise and effective treatment for the disease. It is very important for the deaf children who have residual hearing to fit hearing aids and carry out the language rehabilitation training as soon as possible. As for the patients who suffer from hearing loss severely and the hearing aid cannot achieve effective compensation, the cochlear implant should be considered.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hearing Loss ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Syndrome ; Temporal Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vestibular Aqueduct ; physiopathology ; Vestibular Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective:To observe the correlation between serum immunoglobulins levels with the disease severity and nutritional indexes in elderly patients with heart failure.Methods:The clinical data of 53 elderly patients with heart failure (observation group) from October 2020 to January 2022 in the Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University Medical College were retrospectively analyzed, and 53 cases of health examination at the same time were selected as the control group. The disease severity was assessed by a 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and nutritional status was assessed by nutritional index. The serum levels of IgA, IgM and IgG were measured by PUZS-300 fully automated biochemical analyzer; the serum nutrient indexes were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, including total protein, albumin and proalbumin. Pearson method was used for correlation test; the value of IgA, IgM and IgG in predicting disease severity in elderly patients with heart failure was analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The IgA, IgM and IgG in observed group were significantly higher than those in control group: (4.31 ± 1.50) g/L vs. (1.63 ± 0.71) g/L, (18.50 ± 3.93) g/L vs. (11.33 ± 1.12) g/L and (4.58 ± 1.26) g/L vs. (1.96 ± 0.36) g/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). The 6MWT result showed that 23 cases were with mild status, 18 cases moderate, and 12 cases severe. The IgA, IgM and IgG in moderate and severe patients were significantly higher than those in mild patients: (4.34 ± 0.78) and (6.38 ± 0.91) g/L vs. (3.23 ± 0.94) g/L, (18.90 ± 2.09) and (23.81 ± 2.78) g/L vs. (15.44 ± 2.03) g/L, (4.77 ± 0.56) and (6.47 ± 0.34) g/L vs. (3.45 ± 0.44) g/L, the indexes in severe patients were significantly higher than those in moderate patients, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis result showed that IgA, IgM and IgG were positively correlated with disease severity in elderly patients with heart failure ( r = 0.801, 0.830 and 0.925; P<0.01). The nutritional index result showed that malnutrition was in 25 cases, and normal nutrition in 28 cases. The IgA, IgM and IgG in patients with malnutrition were significantly higher than those in patients with normal nutrition: (4.89 ± 0.80) g/L vs. (1.98 ± 0.69) g/L, (19.45 ± 2.01) g/L vs. (12.01 ± 1.28) g/L and (4.88 ± 0.59) g/L vs. (2.01 ± 0.47) g/L, the nutritional index, total protein, albumin and proalbumin were significantly lower than those in patients with normal nutrition: (49.44 ± 6.98) scores vs. (58.34 ± 8.12) scores, (62.87 ± 5.20) g/L vs. (66.74 ± 4.54) g/L, (33.21 ± 2.64) g/L vs. (39.12 ± 3.11) g/L and (185.55 ± 16.72) mg/L vs. (196.33 ± 18.90) mg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05). Pearson correlation analysis result showed that the IgA and IgM were negatively correlated with nutritional index, total protein, albumin and proalbumin in elderly patients with heart failure (IgA: r = - 0.456, - 0.353, -0.620 and -0.281; IgM: r = -0.445, -0.327, -0.611 and -0.321; P<0.01 or <0.05); IgG was negatively correlated with nutritional index, total protein and albumin ( r = - 0.425, - 0.359 and - 0.646; P<0.01), and it had no correlation with proalbumin ( P>0.05). ROC curve analysis result showed that the areas under the curve of IgA, IgM and IgG in predicting disease severity in elderly patients with heart failure were 0.891, 0.943 and 0.838, sensitivity of 76.70%, 90.00% and 73.33%, and specificity of 87.00%, 87.00% and 100.00%. Conclusions:The serum levels of IgA, IgM and IgG increased significantly in elderly patients with heart failure, who were also with abnormal immune function and decreased nutritional status. The serum levels of IgA, IgM and IgG correlate with disease severity and nutritional indexes.

Objective Explore the relationship between semen quality and trace element levels in seminal plasma,as well as miR-184 levels in exosomes of male infertility patients.Methods 155 male infertility patients in our hospital from January 2022 to July 2023 were selected as the infertility group,and another 155 male patients with normal physical examination during the same period were selected as the normal group.Compare the general information,semen quality parameters,trace elements,and miR-184 levels in exosomes between two groups,and analyze the correlation between male infertility patients and the above laboratory indicators through Spearman rank correlation analysis.Results The sperm concentration,total sperm motility(PR + NP),forward motility sperm(PR),average curve velocity,average linear velocity,average path velocity,and average lateral amplitude of sperm head(ALH)in the infertile group were lower than those in the normal group(P<0.05);The levels of Zn,Mg,and Ca in the infertile group were lower than those in the normal group,while the levels of Cu,Pb,and relative expression of miR-184 were higher than those in the normal group(P<0.05);The levels of Zn and Cu elements in male infertility patients are positively and negatively correlated with sperm concentration,total sperm motility(PR+NP),and forward motility sperm(PR),respectively.The levels of Pb elements are negatively correlated with the average lateral amplitude of sperm head(ALH),and P<0.05.The relative expression level of miR-184 in male infertility patients is negatively correlated with sperm concentration,total sperm motility(PR + NP),forward motility sperm(PR),and average sperm curve velocity,with P<0.05.Conclusion The quality of semen in male infertility patients is closely related to the levels of trace elements in semen and miR-184 levels in exosomes.

Objective:To study the current status of longitudinal extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) in extremely preterm infants (EPIs) and to develop a prediction model based on clinical data from multiple NICUs.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2018, EPIs admitted to 32 NICUs in North China were retrospectively studied. Their general conditions, nutritional support, complications during hospitalization and weight changes were reviewed. Weight loss between birth and discharge > 1SD was defined as longitudinal EUGR. The EPIs were assigned into longitudinal EUGR group and non-EUGR group and their nutritional support and weight changes were compared. The EPIs were randomly assigned into the training dataset and the validation dataset with a ratio of 7∶3. Univariate Cox regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were used in the training dataset to select the independent predictive factors. The best-fitting Nomogram model predicting longitudinal EUGR was established based on Akaike Information Criterion. The model was evaluated for discrimination efficacy, calibration and clinical decision curve analysis.Results:A total of 436 EPIs were included in this study, with a mean gestational age of (26.9±0.9) weeks and a birth weight of (989±171) g. The incidence of longitudinal EUGR was 82.3%(359/436). Seven variables (birth weight Z-score, weight loss, weight growth velocity, the proportion of breast milk ≥75% within 3 d before discharge, invasive mechanical ventilation ≥7 d, maternal antenatal corticosteroids use and bronchopulmonary dysplasia) were selected to establish the prediction model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the training dataset and the validation dataset were 0.870 (95% CI 0.820-0.920) and 0.879 (95% CI 0.815-0.942), suggesting good discrimination efficacy. The calibration curve indicated a good fit of the model ( P>0.05). The decision curve analysis showed positive net benefits at all thresholds. Conclusions:Currently, EPIs have a high incidence of longitudinal EUGR. The prediction model is helpful for early identification and intervention for EPIs with higher risks of longitudinal EUGR. It is necessary to expand the sample size and conduct prospective studies to optimize and validate the prediction model in the future.