Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the tolerance to endotracheal tube, on agitation and other complications of patients undergoing transnasal transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection.Methods One hundred and twenty-four patients aged 18-65 years, ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ) were randomly assigned to dexmedetomidine group (group D, n=60) and control group (group C, n=62).Group D were given intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine during the operation and group C with saline.The extubation time, observation time in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), the incidence of emergence agitation, cough, postoperative sore throat and hoarseness were analyzed.Results The extubation time [(29.7±11.5) min vs (22.2±8.5) min] and the length of stay in PACU [(41.5±11.8) min vs (35.3±10.0) min] were significantly longer in group D than those in group C (P<0.05).There was no significant difference of the incidence of emergence agitation (26.3% vs 32.3%), cough (49.1% vs 53.2%), postoperative sore throat (14.0% vs 24.2%) and hoarseness (10.5% vs 19.4%) between two groups.Conclusion Intraoperative intravenous administration of dexmedetomidine can prolong the extubation time and the length of stay in PACU.The incidence of agitation, cough, postoperative sore throat and hoarseness was not affected by dexmedetomidine.

OBJECTIVETo study and compare the anti-inflammatory effect and molecular mechanism of artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin.

METHODMouse mononuclear macrophage RAW264.7 cells were stimulated to release inflammatory mediators such as TNF-alpha, IL-6 and NO, in order to assess the drugs' inhibitory effect on macrophage's release of above inflammatory mediators. The levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 were determined by ELISA and the cytotoxicity was determined by MTT method. The protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 and beta-actin were tested by Western blot. The enzymatic activity of COX-2 was determined by colorimetric method.

RESULTDihydroartemisinin significantly inhibited LPS-induced release of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and NO from RAW264.7 in mice with the concentration range of 12.5 - 100 micromol x L(-1), and showed good dose dependence. Artemisinin only inhibited the IL-6 release to a certain extent.

CONCLUSIONDihydroartemisinin inhibits macrophages from releasing inflammatory factors TNF-alpha and IL-6 and inflammatory mediators NO by down-regulating iNOS protein. Artemisinin may help dihydroartemisinin to show its anti-inflammatory effect through metabolism.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Artemisinins ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Inflammation Mediators ; immunology ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; immunology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; immunology ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

Objective:In oder to investigate the effect of Chuanmingshen violaceum polysaccharides ( CVP) and Solfated Chua-nmingshen violaceum polysaccharides ( SCVP) on immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide ( CY) in mice.Methods: CY were used to induce immunosuppression in mice;Spleen and thymus indexes were used to evaluate the immune organs indexes;the [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltet-razolium bromide,MTT] method was used to detect the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes of each group;the concentrations of IFN-γand IL-2 were assayed by ELISA kit.Results: SCVP and CVP could resist immunosuppression by promoting lymphocyte proliferation, increasing the contents of IFN-γ and IL-2, promoting immune organs development in immunosuppressive mice induced by CY.Conclusion:SCVP and CVP exhibited the potential to used as immunopotentiator.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of MRI radiomics model in assessing the early response to concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:A total of 367 patients with pathologically proven locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage ⅡB-ⅣA) in Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute from January 2013 to June 2019 were retrospectively collected. The patients were unable to undergo surgery and received complete concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Pelvic plain MRI, DWI and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI were performed within 2 weeks before treatment and at the end of the 4th week of treatment. Patients were divided into complete response (CR) group ( n=247) and non-CR group ( n=120) according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors 1.1. The patients were divided into a training set ( n=256) and a validation set (n=111) via a randomized split method at a ratio of 7∶3. Two radiologists drew the region of interest on the DWI, T 2WI and contrast-enhanced T 1WI (delayed phase) images before treatment to form the volume of interest finally. Totally 1 906 radiomics features were extracted from 3 single sequence images, respectively. Feature correlation analysis and tree model were used for feature selection. Three classifier learning algorithms, namely logistic regression (LR), support vector machine and random forest, were used for machine learning and the best classifier was selected. Based on the best classifier, 3 single sequence radiomics models were built, and a multi-sequence combined model was obtained by multivariate LR analysis. The differences in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the 3 single sequence models and the multi-sequence combined model were compared by DeLong test. The clinical application value of the multi-sequence combined model was evaluated by decision analysis curve. Results:In the training set and validation set, the LR classifier model had the best performance. Based on the LR classifier, AUCs of DWI, T 2WI, contrast-enhanced T 1WI and combined sequences in the training set were 0.77, 0.74, 0.79 and 0.86, respectively, and AUCs in the validation set were 0.71, 0.66, 0.75 and 0.77, respectively. In the training set, the AUC of multi-sequence combined model was higher than those of DWI, T 2WI and contrast-enhanced T 1WI sequence models, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=3.01, 3.56, 2.83; P=0.003, 0.001, 0.005). In the validation set, the AUC of multi-sequence combined model and T 2WI model had significant difference ( Z=2.46, P=0.015). The decision analysis curve showed that when the threshold probability was in the range of 0.44 to 0.88, the multi-sequence combined model yielded a net benefit. Conclusion:Based on the LR classifier, the combined model built by radiomics features of multi-sequence MRI images has predictive value for assessing the early response of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma.