OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism through which Danggui buxue decoction regulates neutrophil extracellular traps （NETs） to improve osteoporosis （OP） in rats with premature ovarian failure （POF）. METHODS Female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group， calcitriol group， and Danggui buxue decoction low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups， with 9 rats in each group. Except for the normal group， all other groups were administered cisplatin via intraperitoneal injection on days 1 and 8 to establish a POF complicated with OP model. Each group received the corresponding drugs or normal saline intragastrically starting from day 5， once a day， for 4 consecutive weeks. After the last medication， serum levels of estradiol （E2）， NETs， 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25（OH）D3]， receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand （RANKL）， and osteocalcin （BGP） were measured. The histopathological changes in bone tissue were observed. The expressions of vitamin D receptor （VDR）， myeloperoxidase （MPO）， neutrophil elastase （NE） and citrullinated histone H3 （CitH3） in bone tissue were detected； the protein expressions of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1α-hydroxylase （CYP27B1） and 1α，25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase （CYP24A1） were also determined. RESULTS Compared with the normal group， the bone tissue of rats in the model group showed a significant reduction in the number of trabeculae， which was thinner broken and poorly connected， with significant destruction of the reticular structure， and an enlarged marrow cavity. Serum levels of NETs and RANKL， the protein expressions of MPO， NE， CitH3 and CYP24A1 in bone tissue were significantly increased or upregulated， while serum levels of E2， 25（OH）D3 and BGP as well as protein expressions of VDR and CYP27B1 were significantly decreased or downregulated （P＜0.05）. Compared with the model group， the histopathological changes in the bone tissue of rats in each administration group showed some degree of recovery， with significant improvements observed in most quantitative indicators （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Danggui buxue decoction can restore the E2 level in POF complicated with OP rats， and improve OP. The mechanism may be related to its ability to upregulate VD level and inhibit the formation of NETs.

This study investigates the mechanism by which Xintong Granules improve myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI) through the regulation of gut microbiota and their metabolites, specifically short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs). Rats were randomly divided based on body weight into the sham operation group, model group, low-dose Xintong Granules group(1.43 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), medium-dose Xintong Granules group(2.86 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), high-dose Xintong Granules group(5.72 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), and metoprolol group(10 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)). After 14 days of pre-administration, the MIRI rat model was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. The myocardial infarction area was assessed using the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining method. Apoptosis in tissue cells was detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL) assay. Pathological changes in myocardial cells and colonic tissue were observed using hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6), creatine kinase MB isoenzyme(CK-MB), and cardiac troponin T(cTnT) in rat serum were quantitatively measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kits. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), creatine kinase(CK), and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in myocardial tissue, as well as the level of malondialdehyde(MDA), were determined using colorimetric assays. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing, and fecal SCFAs were quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The results show that Xintong Granules significantly reduced the myocardial infarction area, suppressed cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and decreased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), myocardial injury markers(CK-MB, cTnT, LDH, and CK), and oxidative stress marker MDA. Additionally, Xintong Granules significantly improved intestinal inflammation in MIRI rats, regulated gut microbiota composition and diversity, and increased the levels of SCFAs(acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, etc.). In summary, Xintong Granules effectively alleviate MIRI symptoms. This study preliminarily confirms that Xintong Granules exert their inhibitory effects on MIRI by regulating gut microbiota imbalance and increasing SCFA levels.
Animals ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Rats ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/genetics* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Humans ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Interleukin-6/genetics* ; Malondialdehyde/metabolism*

Objective:To analyze the construction of human resources in specialized public health institutions in China,with a view to providing reference for strengthening the construction of human resources in public health in China.Methods:Based on the data of China Health and Wellness Statistical Yearbook,descriptive statistical analysis,Gini coefficient and health resource agglomeration were used to analyze the quantity and quality of human resources in specialized public health institutions and the equity of human resource allocation in different regions of China from 2012 to 2021.Results:From 2012 to 2021,the average annual growth rate of the number of specialized public health institution personnel nationwide was 4.10%,and the average annual growth rate of the number of specialized public health institution personnel per 1 000 population was 3.71%.In 2021,the Gini coefficient of human resources in China's specialized public health institutions allocated by population was 0.1002,and the Gini coefficient of the allocation of human resources according to the geographic area was 0.6706,and 21 provinces'health resource agglomeration value were greater than 1.Conclusion:the total amount of human resources in China's specialized public health institutions has steadily increased during the decade,and the quality has been greatly improved,but there is still a gap with the expected development goal;the development of human resources in different specialized public health institutions is not balanced;demographic fairness is better than geographic fairness in the allocation of human resources in public health,and there are significant inter-provincial differences.

N6-methyladenosine(m6A)is the most abundant modification of RNA methylation,dynamically regulated by"writer"and"eraser",regulating the expression of target genes by modulating key biological processes such as mRNA splicing,stability,and translation,after being recognized and combined by"reader".Recent studies have revealed that m6A modifica-tion can regulate the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters,consequently affecting the body's drug meta-bolic rate or intracellular drug concentrations,and ultimately in-fluencing therapeutic outcomes.This article reviews the research progress of the molecular mechanism of m6A modification regula-ting drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters,so as to pro-vide a new idea for rational and personalized clinicaldrug use.

Objective Explore the comprehensive emotion adjustment pattern that combines non-contact physiological and psychological detection methods in fasting and low metabolism scenarios.This study aims to verify the accuracy of non-contact physiological and psychological detection algorithms and evaluate the effectiveness of multimodal emotion adjustment schemes for addressing negative emotional states such as depression and anxiety.Methods Deploy non-contact physiological and psychological detection algorithms and emotion adjustment plans to build a multimodal emotion adjustment system.Collect physiological and psychological data from volunteers participating in the 15-days complete fasting human low metabolism experiment of"Green Star Travel Ⅷ".Utilize finger clip oximeters and scales to verify the accuracy of existing non-contact physiological and psychological methods within the system.Design an emotion adjustment experiment featuring four groups:sound adjustment,acupoints adjustment,magnetism adjustment,and combination adjustment.Compare the volunteers'scale scores before and after the adjustments to verify the effectiveness of the system's emotion adjustment capabilities.Results The experimental results demonstrate that the average difference in the Bland-Altman plot for the non-contact heart rate detection model is ﹣0.497 bpm,with 95.3%of the error values falling within the 95%consistency interval.The non-contact psychological detection model achieved an accuracy rate of over 80%in identifying stress,anxiety,and depression,and an accuracy rate of over 70%in identifying fatigue and anger.Following emotion adjustment,the stress levels of the subjects significantly improved(P?

Objective To investigate the effects of inhibiting KDM2A gene on the proliferation,invasion and migration of liver cancer cells and its possible regulatory mechanism.Methods Forty pairs of HCC tissues and their adjacent normal counterparts were collected from 2014 to 2017 in Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College Affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology.Human liver cancer cell lines HepG2,Huh7,HCCLM3,MHCC-97H and normal liver cells LO2 were cultured in vitro.The mRNA and protein expression levels of KDM2A in HCC tissues and cells were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting.Huh7 cells were taken and set up as follows:(1)si-NC group(transfected with si-NC)and si-KDM2A group(transfected with si-KDM2A);(2)mimic-NC group(transfected with mimic-NC),miRNA-29a-3p mimic group(transfected with miRNA-29a-3p mimic),inhibitor-NC group(transfected with inhibitor-NC)and miRNA-29a-3p inhibitor group(transfected with miRNA-29a-3p inhibitor).The mRNA and protein expression levels of KDM2A were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting.The invasion and migration of cells were detected by Transwell,the proliferation of cells was detected by CCK-8 methods.The online databases TargetScan,miRDIP,miRWalk,Starbase and miRDB were used to predict the binding sites of KDM2A and miR-29a-3p.The KDM2A 3'-UTR(WT)or KDM2A 3'-UTR(MUT)report plasmid was co-transfected with NC-miRNA or miR-29a-3p mimics respectively for 48 h in 293T cells,and the luciferase activity was detected by the luciferase reporter gene detection system.Results Compared with adjacent normal counterparts,the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of KDM2A in HCC tissues increased significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with LO2,the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of KDM2A in HepG2,Huh7,HCCLM3 and MHCC-97H increased significantly(P＜0.05).Compared with si-NC group,the proliferation,invasion and migration of Huh7 cells in si-KDM2A group decreased significantly(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The analysis results of TargetScan,miRDIP,miRWalk,Starbase and miRDB showed that there were binding sites between KDM2A and miR-29a-3p.The results of the dual luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-29a-3p mimic significantly reduced KDM2A-MUT luciferase activity(P＜0.01).After overexpression of miRNA-29a-3p,the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of KDM2A were decreased(P＜0.01),the proliferation,invasion and migration abilities were decreased(P＜0.05)in Huh7 cells.After inhibiting the expression of miRNA-29a-3p,the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of KDM2A were increased(P＜0.05),the proliferation,invasion and migration abilities were enhanced(P＜0.05)in Huh7 cells.Conclusion Inhibiting the expression of KDM2A can reduce the proliferation and migration ability of Huh7 cells.miR-29a-3p may be the upstream regulator of KDM2A and participate in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To predict the risk of in-hospital death in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF)complicated by lung infections using interpretable machine learning.Methods The clinical data of 1415 patients diagnosed with CHF complicated by lung infections were obtained from the MIMIC-IV database.According to the pathogen type,the patients were categorized into bacterial pneumonia and non-bacterial pneumonia groups,and their risks of in-hospital death were compared using Kaplan-Meier survival curves.Univariate analysis and LASSO regression were used to select the features for constructing LR,AdaBoost,XGBoost,and LightGBM models,and their performance was compared in terms of accuracy,precision,F1 value,and AUC.External validation of the models was performed using the data from eICU-CRD database.SHAP algorithm was applied for interpretive analysis of XGBoost model.Results Among the 4 constructed models,the XGBoost model showed the highest accuracy and F1 value for predicting the risk of in-hospital death in CHF patients with lung infections in the training set.In the external test set,the XGBoost model had an AUC of 0.691(95%CI:0.654-0.720)in bacterial pneumonia group and an AUC of 0.725(95%CI:0.577-0.782)in non-bacterial pneumonia group,and showed better predictive ability and stability than the other models.Conclusion The overall performance of the XGBoost model is superior to the other 3 models for predicting the risk of in-hospital death in CHF patients with lung infections.The SHAP algorithm provides a clear interpretation of the model to facilitate decision-making in clinical settings.

Objective:To investigate the genetic subtypes and drug resistance monitoring of newly reported human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection/AIDS virus in Anhui Province from 2020 to 2023.Methods:An observational design study was used to collect blood samples from patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in the AIDS Prevention and Control Department of Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2020 to December 2023.The HIV-1 pol gene was amplified by reverse transcription-nested PCR, and the genetic subtypes were identified by phylogenetic tree analysis using MEGA 7.0 software. The mutation sites of drug resistance were analyzed by the online software tool of Stanford University′s HIV Drug resistance database. The influencing factors of drug resistance before treatment were analyzed by multivariate logistic analysis.Results:A total of 335 plasma samples were collected, and 332 HIV-1 pol gene sequences were obtained successfully. The main gene subtypes were CRF01-AE, accounting for 35.55% (118/332), followed by CRF07-BC, B and B+C types [29.22% (97/332), 11.74% (39/332), 9.93% (33/332)]. The total drug resistance rate before treatment was 30.12%(32/100), and the drug resistance rate of protease inhibitor (PIs) in HIV-1 was 6.33% (21/332). The drug resistance rate of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) before treatment was 6.33% (21/332). The drug resistance rate of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) before treatment was 17.47% (58/332).The comparison of drug resistance rate of different drug types showed statistical significance ( χ2=30.435, P<0.05).Among the 100 cases of drug resistance, the main mutation point of HIV-1 protease inhibitor was Q58E (21.00%), and the main mutation point of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor was M184V/I (6.00%). Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutation points mainly K103N (22.00%).There were statistically significant differences in the starting time of antiviral therapy, the number of CD4 +T cells at baseline and the drug resistance rate of gene subtypes (the chi-square values are respectively 24.152, 32.516, 11.652, P<0.05).Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the baseline CD4 +T cell count was <200/μl, subtype B, subtype B+C, CRF01-AE subtype, CRF55-01B subtype and 01-BC subtype was the influential factor of drug resistance before treatment (the chi-square values are respectively 4.577, 8.202, 4.416, 5.206, 7.603 and 4.804, P<0.05). Conclusion:The newly reported HIV/AIDS population in Anhui Province from 2020 to 2023 has a variety of viral gene subtypes, and NNRTIs are the main types of drug resistance gene mutations before treatment. Attention should be paid to the number of baseline CD4 +T cells, the duration of antiviral treatment, and the distribution of gene subtypes to reduce the drug resistance of HIV/AIDS patients before treatment.

Objective To investigate the effects of a 45％high-fat diet(HFD)with isocaloric intake on energy metabolism and endurance exercise capacity in SD rats.Methods Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into normal chow diet group(CON),HFD group,normal chow diet+exercise training group(CONT),and HFD+exercise training group(HFDT).The CON and CONT groups received normal chow diet,while the HFD and HFDT groups received a 45％high-fat diet with isocaloric intake.The HFDT and CONT groups underwent an endurance training of moderate-intensity running for 6 weeks.Body weight,fat mass,and lean mass were measured weekly.Energy expenditure and basal metabolic rate during rest and exercise states were measured using Pheno Master/Calo Treadmill system.Blood glucose,lipids,and creatine kinase levels were detected after the exhaustion test.Results In 6 weeks after intervention,the endurance exercise capacity was significantly enhanced in the HFDT group than the CONT group(P＜0.05).There were no obvious differences in body weight and body composition among the groups under isoenergetic feeding conditions.At rest,no statistical differences were observed in total energy expenditure and basal metabolic rate among the groups.However,prior to the 4th week,the CON group primarily metabolized carbohydrates while the HFD group primarily metabolized fats.But the carbohydrate metabolism was decreased and then increased,and the substrate metabolism rates eventually reached similar levels between the 2 groups on the 5th to 6th week.The HFDT group primarily metabolized fats while the CONT group primarily metabolized carbohydrates,with significant differences persisting after 6 weeks of training(P＜0.05).HFD led to elevated levels of serum cholesterol,triglycerides(TG),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),but,endurance training resulted in decreased lipid levels in the HFDT group,accompanied by an increase inβ-hydroxybutyrate(βHB)level(P＜0.05).Isoenergetic diets had no significant differences in their effects on liver and kidney function or muscle damage indicators.Conclusion An isoenergetic HFD can improve fat utilization ability and extend endurance exercise time in rats without altering body composition or affecting liver and kidney function.

Cocaine,as a widely abused and highly addictive drug,has a serious impact on the physical and mental health of individuals and carries a certain degree of social harm and economic burden.Acupuncture can assist in the treatment of cocaine addiction with fewer side effects.However,a well-defined mode of stimulation is an important factor in elucidating the various mechanisms by which acupuncture treats disease.This paper summarizes the problems in the mechanism of cocaine addiction,such as different parameters of stimulation,unstable depth of acupuncture,different acupoint selection,and different lengths of acupuncture time.To standardize the intervention measures of acupuncture experiments,it is suggested that in future research,the stimulation method should explore the best parameters,the selection of acupoints should be based on clinical practice,the timing of acupuncture should be objective,and the treatment course should consider the effects of acupuncture.