Objective To analyze the factors related to glare occurred after the phakic intraocular lens (P-IOL) implantation,and to raise the standard for the P-IOL selection.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 104 patients with high myopia underwent P-IOL implantation in Beijing Tongren Hospital.Methods In 104 cases,22 cases (22 eyes) were implanted angle supported Phakic6 designed accord with corneal symmetry,54 cases (54 eyes) were implanted iris fixed Verisyse,and 28 cases (28 eyes) were implanted posterior chamber PRL.Selection of the diameter of P-IOL optics depended on P-IOL diopters.The pupil diameter,the P-IOL optic center position,the pupil and corneal center position were measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT).The contrast sensitivity (CS) under different condition (day,day and glare,night,night and glare) and in different space frequency (1.5,3,6, 12,18c/d)were examined with Optec6500 system.Main Outcome Measures Glare incidence,CS,and the influence of pupil diameter and P-IOL location to glare.Results None of the 104 P-IOL eyes occurred glare in day time.59 eyes (56.73%) complained of glare in dime condition.The glare incidence was 63.18% (14/22) in Phakic6 eyes,55.56% (30/54) in Verisyse eyes,and 53.27% (15/28) in PRL eyes (P=0.691).CS of all surgical eyes were improved in day time with or without glare luminous environment (P=0.000).And the CS of halo-complaining eyes was lower than of no halo eyes in night time with or without glare luminous environment (P=0.000).Glare oc- curred more frequently in eyes with the pupil diameter larger than P-IOL diameter in clime condition after surgery (10 in Phakic6 eyes, 20 in Verisyse eyes,12 in PRL eyes,all P

Objective To evaluate the effect of 36-neuro-motorial examination on early diagnosis of children with cerebral palsy within 1 year-old.Methods36-neuro-motorial examination was analysed in 210 children with cerebral palsy from 2 to 12 months. Results4-29 items reflecting the abnormity of reflex, muscle tone, posture and motion were observeed in patients with cerebral palsy.If these abnormities were laid according as frequency among 2-6 months,reflex abnormities are knee tendon reflex, palmar grasp reflex,Babinski sign,asymmetrical tonic neck reflex,ankle clonus,sitting equilibrium reflex,stepping reflex,crossed extension reflex,tonic labyrinthine reflex,trunk incurvation reflex,Moro reflex; posture abnormities are head to back≥15°,from supine to the side position, axillar suspension reflex,posterior neck fovea≥1cm in the supine position,landau reflex,Vojta reflex,traction reflex,tonic torticollis,abnormal spontaneous posture;muscle tone abnormities are foot dorsiflexion angle,scarf sign,tonic palmar grasp,to up the foot heel≥30° in the stand position,thumb decussation to the palm,poples angle,adductor angle,heel-ear angle; others are head cycle≤-2s, squint, active movement attenuation or abnormity, auditory abnormity, visual abnormity, ophthalmodonesis, epilepsy.Conclusions 36-neuro-motorial examination is effective for early diagnosis of cerebral palsy within 1 year.

Objective:To assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture compound anesthesia(ACA)for traditional thyroidectomy. Methods:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)studying the use of ACA for traditional thyroidectomy were retrieved from PubMed,Excerpta Medica Database(EMBASE),Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Chongqing VIP Database(CQVIP),Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database(Wanfang),and China Biology Medicine Disc(CBM)from inception to September 30,2021.Two investigators independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias and quality of the studies.Anesthesia effectiveness was the primary outcome,while the secondary outcomes included various pain scales,vital signs,analgesic consumption,and adverse events.Review Manager 5.3 was used for meta-analysis.Weighted mean difference(WMD),standardized mean difference(SMD),and confidence interval(CI)were used for statistical descriptions. Results:A total of 16 papers were included,involving 1228 patients.Meta-analysis showed that anesthesia effectiveness was significantly improved after adding acupuncture as an adjunct[SMD=0.62,95%CI(0.40,0.83),P<0.0001,I2=36%].Besides,ACA can also moderate vital signs and reduce the feeling of pain[SMD=-1.61,95%CI(-2.61,-0.61),P<0.00001,I2=95%],analgesic consumption,and adverse events.Subgroup analysis of the electroacupuncture(EA)group further revealed that the effectiveness of low-frequency EA[WMD=0.43,95%CI(0.30,0.55),P<0.00001,I2=15%]and the entire operative stimulation of EA[WMD=0.55,95%CI(0.33,0.77),P<0.00001,I2=0%]was significantly better than high-frequency EA and short-time stimulation of EA during the operation.Further,no significant difference existed between conventional analgesia and acupuncture analgesia. Conclusion:ACA is beneficial to traditional thyroidectomy regarding efficacy and safety when acupuncture is applied as an adjunct.However,additional high-quality studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify the findings.

Objectives To investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of vagus nerve stimulation ( VNS) by stimulating the vagus nerve in ischemic cerebral tissue in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Twenty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley ( SD ) rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (n=6),model group (n=10),and VNS-treated group (n=10) . The model of rat transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by the intraluminal suture method. At 30 min after modeling,the right side neck VNS in the VNS-treated group was stimulated ( stimulus intensity 0. 5 mA, interval 0. 5 ms, frequency 20 Hz),once every 5 min within 1 h,and once for 30 s. The model group repeated the steps of the VNS-treated group,but did not stimulate. The sham operation group repeated the experimental steps,but it neither embolized the vessels nor stimulated nerves. The changes of cerebral blood flow were monitored with a laser Doppler flowmeter. The rats were sacrificed after 24 h. The expressions of interleukin 6(IL-6) and caspase-3 in brain tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry staining. The neuronal apoptosis was observed by the in situ end-labelling technique. Results ( 1 ) Compared with the sham operation group, the number of positive cells of IL-6,caspase-3,and the numbers of neuronal apoptosis in the model group were significantly increased (20. 7 ± 5. 0 cells/HP vs. 2. 3 ± 1. 0 cells/HP,44. 5 ± 9. 5 cells/HP vs. 0,30. 9 ± 9. 0 cells/HP vs.0).Thereweresignificantdifferences(P<0.05).(2)Comparedwiththemodelgroup,thenumber of positive cells of IL-6(10. 9 ± 3. 7 cells/HP),the caspase-3 (18. 9 ± 6. 7 cells/HP),and the numbers of neuronal apoptosis (14. 0 ± 5. 2 cells/HP) in the VNS-treated group decreased significantly. There were significant differences (P<0. 01). (3) Before and after modeling,there were no significant differences in cerebral blood flow in various periods between the model group and the VNS-treated group (P>0. 05). Conclusion The neuroprotective mechanism of VNS for cerebral ischemia may be associated with the inhibition of neuronal apoptosis and decreasing inflammatory response. It may not be associated with the changes of cortical cerebral blood flow.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of simvastatin carried by poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) on residual ridge resorption following tooth extraction.

METHODSSixty male Wistar rats were divided into experimental groups and control groups (30 rats/group). PLGA was immediately implanted with or without simvastatin into extraction sockets of the mandibular incisors. Soft X-ray photography, bone mineral density (BMD) and histopathologic study were conducted at 7, 14, 28, 56, and 84 days after implantation.

RESULTSThe relative length values of residual alveolar ridge of the experimental groups were greater than those of the controls at 14, 28, 56, and 84 days after implantation, and there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.05). The BMD of the specific region was higher in the experimental groups [(7.101 +/- 0.025), (7.178 +/- 0.039), and (7.162 +/- 0.052) g/cm(2)] than that in the control groups [(7.074 +/- 0.014), (7.117 +/- 0.012), and (7.059 +/- 0.037) g/cm(2)] (P < 0.05) after 28, 56, and 84 days. Light microscopy showed that bone formation rate and quality of the experimental group were better than those in the control group at the same time.

CONCLUSIONSSimvastatin carried by PLGA could induce bone formation of tooth socket. Local application of simvastatin would be potential to preserve the length and bone volume of alveolar ridge after tooth extraction.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; prevention & control ; Alveolar Process ; pathology ; Animals ; Lactic Acid ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Polyglycolic Acid ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Simvastatin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Tooth Extraction

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the detection of SARS‑CoV‑2 in household environment and public place environment of Huangpu District, and describe the feature of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination in the environment exposure to the infected cases, so as to support the control strategies such as disinfection and health communication. Methods　The results of RT-PCR test for the environmental samples exposure to the cases infected by SARS‑CoV‑2 during February 1 to March 31 2022 in Huangpu District of Shanghai were collected as the research data. Pearson χ2 was used to test the significance of the differences between positive rates of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination. Results　From February 1 to March 31, household environment samples had a higher positive rate (6.47%, 234/3 618) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination while the public place samples had a lower one (1.22%, 47/3 582) in Huangpu District of Shanghai (χ2=141.908, P<0.01). Among the household buildings, the lane houses of old style representing poorer living condition had the highest positive rates (8.31%, 96/1 155) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination while the apartments representing better living condition had the lowest (3.59%, 22/612) (F=5.25，P<0.05). Among the samples from household environment, samples regarding sewerage had the highest positive rates (13.30%,58/436) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination, while samples regarding the tool of cooking and sweeping had the lowest (3.10%,17/548) (F=9.84，P<0.01). Among the samples from public place environment, samples regarding entertainment tools had the highest positive rates (13.33%, 2/15) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination, while samples regarding the tool of cooking and sweeping had the lowest (0.62%, 4/646) (F=4.22，P<0.01). Conclusion　In the environment exposure to the SARS‑CoV‑2 infected cases, the disinfection, ventilation and cleaning should be intensified strictly. SARS‑CoV‑2's surviving in sewage environment should be evaluation dynamically. More health communication should be pushed to people of poorer living condition.

Objective To discuss the microsurgical treatment of anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms at acute stage vit the supffontal approach. Methods Thirty-two patients with ruptured ACoA aneurysms,admitted to our hospital from January 2007 to October 2010 and underwent mierosurgery through supfrontal approach, were chosen in our study; their clinical manifestations,surgical methods and treatment efficacy were retrospectively analyzed. Results All 32 ACoA aneurysms in these 32 patients were clipped successfully.Forty-two aneurysm clips were used during the surgery; intraoperative aneurysm rupture occurred in 7 patients (21.88％). According to scores of Glasgow Outcome scale after 6-12 months of follow-up,26 patients (81.25％) enjoyed good results,5 (15.63％) had moderate disability and 1 (3.13％) had severe disability; no patients died,and no patients were having intracranial infection, having cerebrospinal leak or under vegetative state. Conclusion Microsurgical operation of anterior communicating aneurysms via subfronal approach was an effective and rapid method with minimal exposure and reliable neck clipping.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the stages of calcification of various teeth and cervical vertebral bone ages among children and adolescents in Chengdu.

METHODSThe study subjects consist of 256 children and adolescents in Chengdu with age ranging from 10 to 16 years. All panoramic radiographs and cephalometric radiographs were obtained. The relationship with the stages of chronological ages, calcification of various teeth and cervical vertebral bone ages were analyzed.

RESULTSThe Spearman rank correlation coefficient revealed highly significant relationships between cervical vertebral bone ages and chronological ages (r = 0.726, P < 0.01). Dental ages and chronological ages had medium relationship (r = 0.629, P < 0.01), also dental ages and cervical vertebral bone ages medium relationship (r = 0.668, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCervical vertebral bone ages, chronological ages and dental calcification stages have correlation among children and adolescents in Chengdu. The cervical vertebral bone ages have high connection with chronological ages. Cervical vertebral bone age might be a better indicator in judging growth and development of children and adolescents during orthodontic treatment.

Adolescent ; Age Determination by Skeleton ; Cephalometry ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Tooth

OBJECTIVETo study the pathologic change and molecular regulation in cell proliferation and apoptosis of gastric mucosa in rats with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), and evaluate the possible mechanisms.

METHODSRats were administered with 60% alcohol or 2% salicylate sodium, 20 mmol/L deoxycholate sodium and 0.1% ammonia water to establish chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) models. The gastric specimens were prepared for microscopic view with hematoxylin and eosin (H-E) and alcian blue (A-B) stain. The number of infiltrated inflammatory cells, the thickness of the mucosa gland layer (microm) and the number of gastric glands were calculated. The damage of barrier in mucosa with erosion or ulceration, and the thickness of mucin were examined by scanned electron microscope (SEM). The levels of PGE(2), EGF (epiderminal growth factor) and gastrin in the serum were measured with radioimmunoassay or ELISA method. The immunohistochemistry method was used to observe the number of G cells, the expression of protein of EGFR (EGF receptor), C-erbB-2, p53, p16 and bcl-2 in gastric tissue.

RESULTSUnder SEM observation, the gastric mucosa was diffused erosion or ulceration and the thickness of mucin was decreased. Compared with normal rats, the grade of inflammatory cell infiltration in CAG rats was elevated, whereas the thickness and number of gastric gland were significantly lower (P<0.05). Compared with normal level of (0.61+/-0.28) microg/L, EGF in CAG (2.24+/-0.83) microg/L was significantly higher (P<0.05). The levels of PGE(2) and gastrin in serum were significantly lower in CAG rats than that in normal rats (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry detection showed that the number of G cell in antrum was lower in CAG group (P<0.05). Immuno-stain showed EGFR protein expression in the basal and bilateral membrane, and the cytoplasma in atrophic gastric gland, while negative expression was observed in normal gastric epithelial cells. Positive staining of p53 and p16 protein was localized in the nucleus of epithelial cells. The former was higher positively expressed in atrophic gland, while the later was higher positively stained in normal gastric tissue. bcl-2 protein was positively stained in the cytoplasma in atrophic gastric gland, while very weakly stained in normal gastric tissue.

CONCLUSIONThe pathological findings in gastric gland accorded with the Houston diagnostic criteria of antrum-predominant CAG. CAG in rats was related with the damage of barrier in gastric mucosa and the misbalance of cell proliferation and apoptosis. There was high protein expression of oncogene, while inhibitor of suppressor gene in CAG rats indicated high trend of carcinogenesis.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; blood ; Gastric Mucosa ; chemistry ; pathology ; Gastrins ; blood ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; analysis ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; analysis

Needle sticking method, which can be combined with multiple needling techniques, has been attached with great importance in recent years by doctors in clinic. Combining with the clinical experiences, the authors expounded the needle sticking method through its unified concept, differences between needle sticking method, which was an acupuncture technique, and stuck needle which was an accident during acupuncture, selection of needles, manipulations, mechanism of treatment, range of application, attentions and advantages of popularization. It is held that the technique can be widely applied for treatment of acute and chronic diseases of various departments with filiform needles. Easy to be manipulated, understood and mastered, the technique is without side effect and valuable to be popularized.
Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional