Objective To investigate the risk factors of postoperative complications of delayed hemorrhage,perforation and digestive tract stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).Methods The complete data of 793 patients with digestive tract disease who underwent the endoscopic submucosal dissection in the Department of Digestive Surgery in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.All of the patients were divided into delayed hemorrhage group (n =67) and nonbleeding group (n =726);perforation group (n =47) and non-perforation group (n =746);and digestive tract stenosis group (n =38) and non-stenosis group (n =755).The clinical basic data,lesion related data,and operation related data were independent risk factor and analyzed by single factor analysis and Logistic multiple factor regression analysis.Results The incidence of delayed bleeding,perforation and stenosis in patients with ESD were 8.45％,5.93％,and 4.79％,respectively.The results of single factor analysis:the risk factors for delayed bleeding were long-term use of anticoagulant drugs,gastric sinus disease,lesion diameter,and lesion excision (P ＜ 0.05).The risk factors for postoperative perforation were the diameter of the lesion and the time of operation (P ＜ 0.05).The risk factors of digestive tract stenosis were the esophageal lesions,the diameter of the lesion,and the depth of the lesion to the intrinsic muscle layer (P ＜ 0.05).The results of multi factor Logistic regression analysis:the risk ranking of risk factors for delayed bleeding was gastric antrum occurrence lesion ＞ lesions graded resection ＞ long-term use of anticoagulants ＞ lesion diameter (≥5 mm).The risk ranking of risk factors for perforation was operation time (≥90 mm) ＞ lesion diameter (≥5 mm).The risk ranking of risk factors for digestive tract stenosis was esophageal lesion ＞ lesion diameter (≥ 5 mm) ＞ lesions depth to the muscularis propria.Conclusions For long-term anticoagulation,gastric antrum and fractional resection lesions of patients should pay attention to delayed bleeding.Patients with long operation time are easy to cause postoperative perforation.For long-term anticoagulation,gastric antrum and fractional resection lesions of patients should pay attention to delayed bleeding.

China ; Haplopappus ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; Sesquiterpenes

Objective To compare the lipid lowing effect and the clinical safety between intensive therapy with Chinese medicine Zhihitai and atorvastntin in patients with moderate and high risk of atherosclerosis. Methods All the patients were randomly divided in to a Zhibitai group (n = 85) receiving 480 mg of Zhibitai orally twice a day or an atorvastatin group (n = 84) receiving 10 mg atorvastatin orally once daily. Blood lipoproteins, myocardial enzymes, fiver and renal function were measured before treatment and at the fourth and eighth week after therapy , while high sensitive creactive protein (hs-CRP), P-selectin, matrix-metall proteinase-9 (MMP-9) and soluble intercellular adhering molecule-1 (SICAM-1) were detected before treatment and eighth week after therapy in all patients. Results TC and LDL-C were significantly decreased while HDL-C was increased in both groups after 4 and 8 weeks treatment (P < 0. 05). TG was decreased in Zhibitai group after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, but it was decreased in atorvastatin group only after 8 weeks of treatment. Inflammatory factors such as hs-CRP, P-selectin, MMP-9, SICAM-1 were decreased significantly (all P < 0. 01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups. There were no difference in liver and kidney function, myocardial enzymes and incidence of muscle-ache and digestive system side reaction. ConclusionsBesides the lipoprotein disorder, inflammatory factors in patients with moderate and high risk of atherosclerosis could be regulated with intensive therapy of Zhibitai. Most importantly, it is safe to use Zhibitai clinically.

Objective To discuss the clinical methods and curative effect of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis ( MIPPO) technique applied in the treatment of humeral shaft fractures. Methods A retrospective analysis was applied on 14 patients with humeral fracture underwent the MIPPO operation in our department from April 2012 to March 2013. There were 8 males and 6 females, with their ages ranging from 28 to 64 years. Results Fourteen cases were followed up for 2 months to 12 months (an average of 6 months) . Their incisions got primary healing. The fracture segments got satisfactory reduction with good apposition and alignment radiologically, and the radial never function recovered well. UCLA score concluded as excellent in 13 cases and good in 1 case. Conclusion MIPPO is a safe and effective treatment for the humeral fracture with the benefits of less invasion, fewer complications and higher union rate.

Animals ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Ischemia ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Group A,the differences among the three groups were statistically significant(P0.05). TCR,CCR,DAP,OD,BRC in Groups B and C showed trends of increasing,the differences in terms of the contents of BMP-RⅠamong the 3 phases were statistically significant(P0.05);the ER in Group B and C showed a trend of decreasing,thee difference between 4- and 8-week and 4- and 12-week were signifieantly dif- ferent(P0.05).Conclusion After application of glucocorticoid for a short term,pathological changes maintained and showed trends of inereasing in early stage.HBO can reverse these changes.The outcome of 3-course HBO therapy is better than that of 1-course therapy.

Objective The present study has been designed to investigate the impact of dietary iodine/sodium intake on blood lipid metabolism in mice. Methods According to body weight and gender, two hundred and sixty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups including normal sodium group(Na) and low sodium group(LNa), with 130 animals per group. Each group were then randomly further divided into 5 sub-groups according to the amount of iodine intake: ① severe iodine deficiency(SID); ② mild iodine deficiency(MID); (③normal iodine (NI); ④ 10-fold high iodine ( 10HI ); (⑤ 50-fold high iodine (50HI), 10 groups in total, 26 per group.Eight months later, the body weight and the levels of urinary iodine, thyroid hormones and total cholesterol (TC),Results In Na group, the levels of TG and TC in male mice of SID group[ (1.64 ± 0.35), (3.88 ± 0.35 )mmol/L]and MID group[ ( 1.67 ± 0.31 ), (3.41 ± 0.66)mmol/L] were significantly higher than that of NI group[ ( 1.49 ± 0.42), (3.25 ± 0.47)mmol/L] and the levels of TG in female mice of SID group[(1.52 ± 0.22)mmol/L] were significantly higher than that of NI group[ (1.23 ± 0.22)mmol/L]. In addition, the levels of TG in male mice of 10HI and 50HI groups [ ( 1.16 ± 0.23 ), ( 1.21 ± 0.27 ) mmol/L ] were significantly lower than that of NI group [ ( 1.49 ± 0.42)mmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05], the levels of TC in female mice of 10HI and 50HI groups[(2.37 ± 0.49), (2.48 ± 0.37)mmol/L] were significantly lower than that of NI group[ (2.84 ± 0.37) mmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05 ]. In LNa group,the levels of TG and TC in male mice of SID group[ (1.39 ± 0.40), (3.33 ± 0.46 )mmol/L] were significantly lower than that of NI group [(1.30 ± 0.28), (3.00 ± 0.53) mmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05], the levels of TG, TC and LDL in female mice of SID group[ (1.48 ± 0.26), (2.76 ± 0.43), (0.62 ± 0.22)mmol/L], the levels of LDL in female mice of MID group[ (0.60 ± 0.17 )mmol/L] were significantly lower than that of NI group[(l.22 ± 0.36), (2.51 ± 0.38),(0.48 ± 0.08), (0.48 ± 0.08)mmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05], the levels of TG in male mice of 10HI and 50HI group [ (1.12 ± 0.22), (0.90 ± 0.11 )mmol/L] were significantly lower than that of NI group (all P ＜ 0.05 ), the levels of TC in female mice of 10HI and 50HI groups[ (2.35 ± 0.34), (2.37 ± 0.37)mmol/L], the levels of LDL in female mice of 50HI group[(0.65 ± 0.18)mmol/L], were significantly lower than that of NI group(all P ＜ 0.05). In Na group, the levels of thyroid hormones were distinctively decreased in SID group[TT4(0.00 ± 0.00)nmol/L, FT4 (0.93 ± 0.42)pmol/L, TT3(0.49 ± 0.07)nmol/L, FT3(2.86 ± 0.37)pmol/L] and MID group [TT4 (17.15 ± 15.26)nmol/L, FT4( 18.46 ± 4.31 )pmol/L, TT3(0.67 ± 0. 10)nmol/L, FT3(3.18 ± 0.24)pmol/L] compared with that of the NI group [TT4 (37.15 ± 15.26)nmol/L, FT4(28.46 ± 4.31)pmol/L, TT3(0.85 ± 0.10)pmol/L, FT3(3.87 ± 0.24)pmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05 ]. In LNa group, the levels of thyroid hormones were distinctively decreased in SID group [TT4 (0.00 ± 0.00) nmol/L,FT4(1.03 ± 0.78)pmol/L, TT3(0.51 ± 0.05)nmol/L, FT3(3.01 ± 0.17)pmol/L] and MID group[TT4(19.76 ± 12.22)nmol/L, FT4(21.46 ± 5.37)pmol/L, TT3(0.71 ± 0.21)nmol/L, FT3(3.56 ± 0.23)pmol/L] compared with that of the NI group[TT4(36.23 ± 14.72)nmol/L, FT4(30.96 ± 6.33)pmol/L, TT3(0.89 ± 0.20)nmol/L, FT3(4.05 ± 0.24)pmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05]. Conclusions Dietary iodine intake plays an important role in the blood lipid metabolism. Iodine deficiency could increase while iodine excess could decrease the levels of serum TG, TC or LDL in mice. Monitoring the amount of iodine intake during sodium restriction should have an important role in effective prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.

Objective To observe the effects of iodine deficiency and iodine excess on the lipid metabolism in an experimental hypothyroid model of mice and to explore the roles of iodine independent of its role in thyroid hormones. Methods Female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: control, severe iodine deficiency (SID), mild iodine deficiency(MID), normal iodine (NI), 10-fold high iodine (10HI) and 50-fold high iodine(50HI), 10 in each group. The mice in control group were fed with low iodine forage, other mice were fed with low iodine forage containing 0.2% methylthiouracilum. All mice drank deionic water containing different concentrations of potassium iodide(KI). The iodine content in water was 326.79, 0, 196.08,326.79, 385621, 19 542.50 μg/L, respectively. After three months, thyroid hormones in the serum were determined by radioimmunoassay.Also, the blood samples were analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesteiol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and measured enzymatically by automatic analyzer. Results①The levels of Tr4 in SID[(21.27 ± 9.63)μg/L], MID[(23.41 ± 3.93)μg/L], NI[(22.57 ±4.66)μg/L], 10HI [(21.07 ± 5.03) μg/L] and 50HI groups [(21.46 ± 5.90) μg/L] were distinctively decreased compared with control group[(42.15 ± 8.26)μg/L, all P ＜ 0.01]. There were no statistical significant differences of TT3 between different groups (F = 0.99, P > 0.05 ). ②The level of TG in 10HI group [ ( 1.17 ± 0.16)mmol/L ] was obviously decreased compared with control [(1.39 ± 0.22 )mmol/L] and NI groups[(151 ± 0.22)mmol/L, all P＜ 0.05].Both TG and TC in 50HI group[(1.18 ± 0.22), (1.78 ± 0.15)mmol/L] were significantly decreased compared with control [( 1.39 ± 0.22), (2.14 ± 0.37)mmol/L] and NI groups [(1.51 ± 0.22), (2.00 ± 0.15)mmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05].The difference of serum HDL-C and LDL-C between the groups was not significant(F = 0.55,0.54, all P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions Dietary iodine plays a role in the metabolism of serum lipids independent of thyroid hormones.Thus, monitoring the amount of iodine intake during sodium restriction should also be taken extremely important for effectively prevention and cure of cardiovascular disease.

Objective To observe the levels of serum leptin in Gaves disease(GD)and thyroiditis(HT)Datients and to discuss the immunological role of leptin in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease(AITD).Methods 102 newly diagnosed female AITD patients were divided into 3 groups:GD hyperthyroid group,HT hypothyroid group and subclinical hypothyroid group.Age,sex and BMI-matched 27 euthyroid,healthy subjects served as controis.The levels of FT3,FT4 and sTSH were determined by immunofluorometrie assay.ELISA kit was aDplied to measure the levels of serum leptin.Results Serum FT3 and FT4[(19.74±15.39),(78.25±58.68)pmol/L]levels of GD hyperthyroid patients were obviously higher than those of the controls[(4.87±0.25),(15.96±3.15)pmol/L,P＜0.01],but serum sTSH and leptin levels[(0.15±0.08)mU/L,(8.73±1.92)μg/L]were obviously lower than those of the controls[(3.81±0.19)mU/L,(12.38±3.51)μg/L,P＜0.01or＜0.05].Serum FT3 and FT4[(3.36±0.26),(6.95±3.29)pmol/L]levels of HT hypothyroid patients were obviously lower than those of the controls(P＜0.05),but serum sTSH and leptin levels[(45.48±35.83)mU/L,(17.17±3.82)μg/L]were obviously higher than those of the controls(P＜0.01 or＜0.05).Serum FT3 and FT4[(4.67±0.60),(14.87±2.14)pmol/L]levels of subclinical hypothyroid patients had not statistical difference comparing with those of the controls(P＞0.05),but serum sTSH and leptin levels[(13.67±8.66)mU/L,(16.25±3.67)μg/L]were obviously higher than those of the controls(P＜0.01 or＜0.05).Conclusions Leptin might have an immuoregulation role in the pathogenesis of AITD.In addition,serum levels of leptin in AITD is also influenced by many other related hormones.

The chemical constituents from Euphorbia lunulata was investigated in this paper. Fourteen compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatographies on silica gel and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by physiochemical properties and NMR data analysis as lupeol (1), euphol (2), cassipourol(3) , 24-methylenecycloartan-3beta-ol (4), 24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3beta-ol (5), 25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3beta-ol (6), betulin (7), uvaol (8), (23E) -25-methoxycycloart-23-en-3beta-ol (9), (23E) -cycloart-23,25-dien-3beta-ol (10), 24-methylenecycloartan-3beta, 28-diol (11), salicinolide (12), 2alpha, 3beta, 5alpha, 9alpha, 15beta-pentaacetoxy-11,12-epoxy-7beta, 8alpha-diisobutyryloxyjatropha-6 (17) -en-14-one (13) and 3beta, 5alpha, 15beta-triacetoxy-7beta-isobutyryloxy-9alpha-nicotinoyloxyjatropha-6 (17), 11(E)-dien-14-one (14). Among them, compounds 1-11 were isolated from E. lunulata for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Euphorbia ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Stereoisomerism