Acute Disease ; Bone Marrow Neoplasms ; pathology ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Leukemia ; pathology ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; pathology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Plastic Embedding ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Jinan, Shandong Province, and to analyze epidemic trend and its cause. Methods Epidemic data of human brucellosis from 2004 to 2007 in Jinan were collected from National Disease Supervision Information Management System. The rose bengal plate agglutination test(RBPT) and standard tube agglutination test(SAT) were employed to detect brucellosis in the serum samples of high-risk exposure groups involved in livestock transaction, slaughter and raising where brucellosis had been outbreak in the last three years, and epidemiological survey was conducted on the confirmed patients in 2007. Results A total of 32 brucellosis cases occurred in 2004-2007 in Jinan, among which 15 cases in 2007, 3.75 times(15/4) of those in 2004. One hundred and seventy-eight blood samples were collected from high risk population, and positive detective rate was 11.24%(20/178). Most of the patients were found in Zhangqiu and in the months from March to September, accounting for 93.33% (14/15). Farmers accounted for 93.33% (14/15) in all cases. Sixty-six point six seven percent(10/15) of the patients were over 50 years old. Male to female was 2.75: 1(11: 4) in ratio. There was a tendency of family aggregation. Two or three cases occurred in each of 3 families. All cases had a contact history with cattle and sheep, and the diagnosis were confirmed between 17-529 days(median being 70 days), in which 86.67%(13/15) of the cases were confirmed by The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Conclusions Brucellosis epidemic of Jinan is in an upward trend. Zhangqiu is the main epidemic region. Spring and summer are the prevailing periods, most of the patients are old male farmers were the majority of the patients. It is believed that the epidemic is primarily due to potential infection sources, incompetent quarantine of imported livestock and poor awareness of self-protection among high-risk occupational groups.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of real time elastosonography in estimating the characteristic of nodules in resected hepatocirrhosis specimens.Methods Thirty-eight reseeted hepatocirrhosis specimens underwent elastosonography.The nodules that have drawn attention were performed elastosonography through rhythmic pressing and releasing the probe by manual form on the liver.The hepatic strain on the region of interest was shown by chromatic scale.To compare nodules rigidity with surrounding hepatic tissues, hepatocirrhosis nodules were classified into hard nodules, medium rigidity nodules, mixture of hard and soft nodules, and soft nodules.All nodules were confirmed by pathology.Results Forty-four nodules of 38 hepatocirrhosis exemplar received real time elastosonography.Of 44 nodules, hard nodules were 18,of which 12 (66.7%) were hepatoeellular carcinomas, 2 (11.1%) were dysplasia nodules, 4 (22.2%) were regenerative nodules.Medium rigidity nodules were 7,all were regenerative nodules.Mixture of hard and soft nodules were 11, of which 8 (72.7%) were hepatocellular carcinomas, including 4 accompanied necrotic tissue, 1 (9.1%) was dysplasia nodules accompanied necrotic tissue, the other 2 (18.2%) were regenerative nodules accompanied necrotic tissue.And soft nodules were 8, of which 4(50.0%) were necrotic nodules, 1 (12.5%) was dysplasia nodules accompanied canceration, 1 (12.5%) was hepatocellular carcinoma,2(25.0 %) were regenerative nodules.Conclusions Real time elastosonography can effectively evaluate the comparative rigidity on hepatoeirrhosis nodules,and thus may have potential usefulness on estimating the characteristic of hepatocirrhosis nodules.

Objective To investigate the effects of methylprednisolone on lung function and inflammation during one-lung ventilation in patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy.Methods Sixty patients (46 males, 10 females, aged 18-60 years, ASA grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ) scheduled for pulmonary lobectomy were randomly divided into two groups (n=30 each) using a random number table: the control group (group C) and the methylprednisolone group (group M).Patients in group M were treated with methylprednisolone before induction of anesthesia within 30 min, whereas patients in group G received equal volume of normal saline at the same time.The heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), peak airway pressure (Ppeak), plateau airway pressure (Pplat), and dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) were recorded at the momment before OLV (T1), 30 min after OLV (T2), 1 h after OLV (T3), 10 min after resuming two-lung ventilation (T4) and the end of the surgery (T5).The arterial blood gas analysis were performed at the above time points in order to determined the oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2), then the oxygenation index (OI), alveolar to arterial difference of oxygen tension (A-aDO2) and respiratory index (RI) of each patient was evaluated.The concentration of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were determined by ELISA at T0, T4, 6 h (T5) and 24 h (T6) after surgery using venous blood samples.The incidence of pulmonary complications at 72 h after operation were also recorded.Results Compared with T0, the MAP and Cdyn was decreased, whereas the Ppeak and Pplat was increased significantly in both group at T1, T2 (P＜0.05), the OI was decreased and the A-aDO2, RI was increased significantly at T1-T4 (P＜0.05), and the concentration of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 at T4-T6 was increased significantly in both group (P＜0.05).Compared with group C, the Cdyn was increased, the Ppeak and Pplat were decreased significantly in group G at T1, T2 (P＜0.05), the concentration of serum TNF-α and IL-6 were decreased, and IL-10 was increased significantly in group G at T4-T6 (P＜0.05).The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications had no statistically signifcant differences between the two groups.Conclusion Methylprednisolone can significantly improve the pneumodynamics and lung compliance, alleviates the inflammatory responses, but have no significant effect on intrapulmonary oxygenation and gas exchange during one-lung ventilationin patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of creatine phosphate pretreatment on circulato ry function in prone position in elder patients with general anesthesia.Methods Forty patients in ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ of male and female,aged 60 to 75 years undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in prone position,were randomly divided into two groups (n =20 each):the control group (gToup N) and the creatine phosphate group (group P).In the group P,creatine phosphate sodium (30 mg·kg-1 in 50 mL normal saline) was continuous infused at a speed of 100 mL· h-1,while only normal saline 50 mL in the group N at the same time.HR,MAP,CO,SV,CVP,Pulse Pressure Variation (PVV) and Systemic Circulation Resistance (SVR) were monitored and recorded at 1 min before prone position (T0) and 1 min (T1),3 min (T2),5 min (T3),10 min (T4) after prone position.The requirement for vasoactive agents were also recorded.Results Compared with T0,HR began to increase significantly at T1 in the group N(P ＜ 0.05),while MAP,CO and SV began to decrease at T1 to T3,and CVP,PVV and SVR began to increase significantly at the same time in the group N (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the group N,MAP,CO and SV were decreased,PPV,CVP and SVR were increased significantly at T1 to T2 in the group P (P ＜ 0.05).The requirement for vasoactive agents in the group P was obviously lower than that in the group N (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Creatine phosphate pretreatment can stabilize the hemodynamic change effectively,and prevent the adverse cardiovascular events caused by prone position in elder patients with general anesthesia.

Objective To find out the status of prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders and evaluate the iodine nutritional status of Jinan residents,to explore appropriate iodine level in drinking water,and to provide a scientific basis for adjustment of intervention strategies.MethodsAccording to the Monitoring Program of the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders (Trial),qualified iodized salt consumption rate,drinking water iodine content and urinary iodine levels of women of childbearing age were determined in iodine deficiency areas from 2003 to 2010.Salt iodine was detected by direct titrimetry,urinary iodine by As-Ce catalytic spectrophotometric assay and iodine in drinking water by cerous sulfate catalytic spectrophotometric method.Results Intake rate of qualified iodized salt was up to 90％ and above from 2003 to 2010,median water iodine was 13.65 μg/L in the 10 counties(cities,districts),of which less than 100 μg/L accounted for 79.82％(4560/5713 ) and ＞ 150 μg/L accounted for 12.73％(727/5713).With the increase of water iodine(0 ～ ＜ 10,10 ～ ＜ 50,50 ～ ＜ 100,100 ～ ＜ 150,150 ～ ＜ 300 and ≥300 μg/L),urinary iodine levels of women of childbearing age increased successively(median 156.56,175.81,267.04,349.00,524.22,583.20 μg/L,respectively,x2 =121.20,P ＜ 0.05),while the ratio of urinary iodine ＜ 100 μg/L was significantly lower.The ratio of urinary iodine between 100 and 300 μg/L was decreased gradually,but the ratio of great than 300 μg/L was gradually increased.ConclusionsIodine deficiency areas in Jinan have reached the standard of elimination of iodine deficiency disorders.We should insist to carry out our measures to suit local conditions,classified guidances and scientific principals of iodine supplementation.

Background Corneal blindness caused by ocular surface disease is one of the main reasons for the global blinding corneal diseases.With the development and progress of tissue engineering technology,tissueengineered cornea offers a new approach to the treatment of ocular surface disease.Objective This study was to obscrve the growth and differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cclls (UC-MSCs) on thc corneal stroma of receipts and investigate the feasibility of human UC-MSCs differentiated into corneal epithelium-like cells and the reparation of injury cornea.Methods Human UC-MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord using collagenase Ⅳ digestion and passaged in DMEM/F12 containing fetal bovine serum in vitro.The immunophenotype of cultured human UC-MSCs was evaluated by flow cytometry.The differentiated osteoblasts from the human UC-MSCs by directional induce was identified.Twenty-four New Zealand albino rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups.The human UC-MSCs were cultured on porcine corneal matrix without corneal epithelium for 4 days and then transplanted onto the 12 left eyes of 12 New Zealand albino rabbits,and porcine corneal matrix without corneal epithelium was transplanted onto the left eyes of other 12 New Zealand albino rabbits as control group.The rabbits received keratoplasty were examined using in vivo confocal microscope through focusing(CMTF).The eyeballs were taken off after 2,4 and 8 weeks,the growth and differentiation,expression of cytokeratin 3 (CK3),CK12 and ATP-binding cassette superfamily G memben 2 (ABCG2)of human UC-MSCs were observed by histopathology and immunofluorescence staining.This use of the experimental animals complied with ARVO Statement.Results Digestive human UCMSCs formed round in shape and was large in size.The attached cells displayed long-fusiform shape like fibroblasts.The cultured human UC-MSCs phenotype was CD105+/CD29+/CD44+/CD34-/CD45-and could be induced toward osteoblast differentiation under the appropriate experimental conditions.Human UC-MSCs grew well on the porcine corneal matrix.The corneal grafts survived wcll without rejection till the experiment end in experimental eyes,but the rejection of corneal graft occurred in control eyes.Confocal microscope could observe corneal epithelium-like cells.The corneal epithelium cells showed the positive response for CK3 and CK12 and absent response for ABCG2.Conclusions Human UC-MSCs with porcine corneal matrix can survive,proliferate and differentiate into corneal epithelium-like cells after transplanting onto the corneal stroma of rabbits.This result suggests that human UC-MSCs is able to repair and reconstruct the injured corneal surfaces.

Objective To explore the relationship between genetic variation in PAF-AH V279F and coronary heart disease among Han population in Beijing.Methods A case-control study was held which enrolled 124 patients with coronary heart disease and 103 normal subjects.The genotype of PAF-AH V279F was determined with allele-specific polymerase chain reaction(AS-PCR)method. Results The highest frequency of PAF-AH V279F genetic variation was VV genotype(92.2%),the next was VF genotype(5.8%)and the lowest was FF genotype(2.0%)among the studied Han population in Beijing.In the coronary heart disease group the frequency of 279 V→F carriers was significantly higher than in the control group(19.3% vs.7.8%,P＜0.05)and F allele frequency was also higher(12.1% vs.4.9%,P＜0.01).Among the coronary heart disease group,the V279F variation frequency and the F allele frequency were significantly higher in patients with myocardial infarction than in those without myocardial infarction(27.3% vs.13.0%,17.3% vs.8.0%,both P＜0.05).In multiple logistic regression analysis,the odds ratio(OR)of V279F genetic variation for coronary heart disease was 1.919(95% CI:1.448-2.544,P=0.033).Conclusions The PAF-AH V279F genetic variation may be a novel genetic marker for high risk of coronary heart disease.

Objective To evaluate the effect of goal-directed fluid therapy on postoperative rehabili-tation in elderly patients undergoing surgery in the prone position.Methods Sixty patients of both sexes,aged 60-75 yr,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physieal status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,scheduled for elective lumbar surgery in the prone position under general anesthesia,were divided into 2 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:conventional fluid therapy group (group C) and goal-directed fluid therapy group (group G).The CNAP system was used to monitor stroke volume variation and cardiac index continuously in group G.Mean arterial pressure was maintained at 60-110 mmHg,central venous pressure at 6-12 emH2O and urine volume more than 0.5 ml · kg-1 · h 1 using conventional fluid therapy in group C.In group G,goal-directed fluid therapy was performed under the guidance of stroke volume variation,and cardiac index was maintained at 2.5-4.0 L · min-1 · m 2.The requirement for crystalloid and colloid solution,total volume of fluid infu sed,blood loss,urine volume and requirement for vasoaetive agents were recorded during operation.After anesthesia induction,at 1 h after turning to the prone position and at the end of operation,blood samples were collected fromn the left radial artery for blood gas analysis,and the blood lactate concentration was recorded.The volume of drainage within 3 dlays after operation,perioperative blood transfusion,early postoperative cardiovascular and pulmonary complications,development of oliguria and anuria,emergence time and length of hospital stay were recorded.Results Compared with group C,the requirement for crystalloid solution,total volume of fluid infused,urine volume and requirement for vasoactive agents were significantly decreased during operation,the requirement for colloid solution was increased during operation,the blood lactate concentration was decreased at 1 h after turning to the prone position and at the end of operation,the length of hospital stay was shortened,and the incidence of postoperative cardiovascular and pulnonary eomplications was decreased in group G (P＜0.05).Conclusion Goal-directed fluid therapy can promote postoperative rehabilitation and shows a certain clinical value in elderly patients undergoing surgery in the prone position.

ObjectiveTo examine whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms in inflammation-related genes are associated with the risk of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).MethodsThe study recruited 116 aMCI patients and 93 matched healthy controls.All subjects underwent extensive assessment of cognitive function,genotyping was carried out on the platform of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry.Results ( 1 ) There was prominent discrepancy between aMCI and controls in the memory,attention and executive functions,20 minutes delayed recall of auditory verbal memory test (AVMT) (3.0(0.0 ～ 10.0 ),8.0 (0.0 ～ 12.0),t =- 8.533,P ＜ 0.05 ),recall of Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test ( R-O CFT) (11.2 ±8.3,16.1 ±8.0,t=4.216,P＜0.05),digit span test (DST) (12.0(7.0 ～ 19.0),13.0(7.0 ～20.0),Z=-2.516,P＜0.05),trail making test A (TMTA) (80.0s(35.0 ～200.0)s,72.0s(29.0 ～512.0)s,Z=-3.113,P＜0.05),trail making test B (TMTB) ((180.1 ±72.7)s,(141,7 ±52.1)s,t=-4.385,P＜0.05 ).(2) No significant differences were found in frequencies of alleles,genotypes and hapolotypes of inflammation mediator genes ( interleukin 10,interleukin 1 A,interleukin 1 B,tumor necrosis factor,interleukin 6,α1- an-tichymotrypsin gene,transforming growth factor B1 ) between aMCI and controls (P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionThe results indicate that polymorphisms in the inflammation-related candidate genes do not appear to be involved in the risk of developing aMCI.