Objective To analyze the changes of epidemiological and clinical features of patients with acute brucellosis over the past twenty years.Methods The epidemiological and clinieM data of patients with acute brucellosis in Harbin and counties around from 1982-1984 and 2002-2004 in our hospital were retrospeclively analyzed,and the routes of infection,epidemiologieal area,clinical manifestations,laboratory examination,time distribution and the treatment for relapse of different groups were compared.Results One hundred and sixty-five cases were collected.including 79 cases in 1982-1984 and 86 cases in 2002-2004.There were significant differences in routes of infection(X2＝11.758,P＜0.01)and epidemiological area(X2＝8.903,P＜0.05)between two groups of patients based on epidemiologieal data.Clinical manifestations were significantly different in two groups.such as sweating 74.7%(59/79)and 50.0%(43/86)(X2=10.629,P＜0.01);hepatomegaly 21.5%(17/79)and 9.3%(8/86)(X2＝4.780,P＜0.05);orchiditis,25.3%(20/79)and 8.1%(7/86)(X2＝8.877,P＜0.01);headache,20.3%(16/79)and 7.0%(6/86)(X2=6.281,P＜0.05);the distribution of fever severity(X2＝11.671,P＜0.01)and type(X2＝29.946,P＜0.01);the distribution of total white blood cells(X2=11.550,P＜0.01);rates of thrombocytopenia,2.5%(2/79)and 19.8%(17/86)(X2＝12.005,P＜0.01);and rates of liver dysfunction,21.5%(17/79)and 54.7%(47/86)(X2＝19.037,P7＜0.01).Relapse rate at 3-week 25.0%(6/24)was higher than that 6.5%(4/62)at 6-week(X2＝5.793,P＜0.05).Conclusion The epidemiologieal and clinical feature of acute burgeri infection has changed over the past twenty years due to the different strain of Bacterium.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of sesamin (Ses) on pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats with monocrotaline ( MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH).

METHODTotally 48 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed adaptively for one week and then divided into the normal control group, the MCT group, the MCT +Ses (50 mg x kg(-1)) group and the MCT + Ses (100 mg x kg(-1)) group, with 12 rats in each group. The PH rat model was induced through the subcutaneous injection with MCT(60 mg x kg(-1)). After the administration for four weeks, efforts were made to measure the right ventricular systolic pressure( RVSP) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) through right jugular vein catheterization, and isolate right ventricle( RV) and left ventricle( LV) +septum (S) and measure their length to calculate RV/ ( LV + S) and ratio of RV to tibial length. Pathologic changes in arterioles were observed by HE staining. Masson's trichrome stain was used to demonstrate changes in collagen deposition of arterioles. The alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) expression in pulmonary arteries was measured by immunohistochemisty. The total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in pulmonary arteries were determined by the colorimetric method. The protein expressions of collagen I, NOX2 and NOX4 were analyzed by Real-time PCR and Western blot.

RESULTAfter the administration for 4 weeks, Ses could attenuate RVSP and mPAP induced by MCT, RV/ (LV + S) and ratio of RV to Tibial length, alpha-SMA and collagen I expressions and remodeling of pulmonary vessels and right ventricle. Meanwhile, Ses could obviously inhibit the expressions of NOX2, NOX4 and MDA content and increase T-AOC.

CONCLUSIONSesamin could ameliorate pulmonary vascular remodeling induced by monocrotaline in PH rats. Its mechanism may be related to expressions of NOX2 and NOX4 expression and reduction in oxidative stress injury.

Animals ; Dioxoles ; administration & dosage ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Lignans ; administration & dosage ; Lung ; blood supply ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Monocrotaline ; adverse effects ; NADPH Oxidase 2 ; NADPH Oxidase 4 ; NADPH Oxidases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Artery ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Remodeling ; drug effects

AIM: To investigate the effect of problem - based learning ( PBL) used in the teaching of medical students'evidence-based medicine ( EBM) .
METHODS: Five classes ( total 147 students ) were randomly selected as experimental ( PBL ) group, at the same time, another 5 classes ( total 149 students ) were also randomly selected as control group, using traditional teaching method ( lecture-based learning, LBL ) in 2010 grade. The final examination scores of the experimental group were compared with control at the end of term. In addition, all students were interviewed using self -administered questionnaire to obtain their evaluation for PBL practice. SPSS13. 0 software was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: The homogeneity test in baseline survey showed that the basic characteristics between the two groups of students were no significant differences, and were comparable (P>0. 05). Final exam results showed that in addition to the scores of the EBM basic knowledge indicated no significant difference between two groups of students (P>0. 05), for the 5 steps of EBM procedure, namely, asking questions, finding the best evidence, evaluating the evidence, using and practicing the evidence, re - evaluating the evidence, and the total scores between the two groups, there were significant statistically differences (P<0. 05). The results to student learning evaluation showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0. 05) in aspects of better understanding classroom knowledge, improving language expression ability, and writing skill exercises. And other residual items had a significant difference ( P<0. 05), especially in aspects of improving enthusiasm for learning, self - study ability, improving learning efficiency, information analysis and utilization ability, team collaboration, and communication between teachers and students, however, there was a very significant difference (P<0. 001) between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: PBL teaching mode can effectively improve teaching effectiveness and the quality of EBM teaching, so the this teaching mode is worth further popularizing.

Objective To investigate the effects of early nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) compared with early continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in low birth weight preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Methods We performed a prospective,randomized controlled trial involving 364 low birth weight preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome within 6 hours of birth.The infants were randomly assigned to NIPPV (n=188) or NCPAP (n=176) groups.Non invasive ventilation was initiated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).The rate of mechanical intubation (within 3 days or 7 days),the use of pulmonary surfactant (PS),the rate of complications and mortality were compared between the two groups.Mann Whitney U,t and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.Results The average time of invasive mechanical ventilation in NIPPV group were lower than that in NCPAP group[2.0 (1.0-4.0) d vs 7.0 (3.0-8.5) d,U=-3.457,P=0.001].The need for intubation and mechanical ventilation by day 3 and day 7 in the NIPPV group were less than those in the NCPAP group [day 3:4.8％ (9/188) vs 10.8％ (19/176),x2=4.621,P=0.032; day 7:9.0％ (17/188) vs 16.5％ (29/176),x2=4.551,P=0.033].In the NIPPV group,infants who got PS therapy was less than that in the NCPAP group [3.2％ (6/188) vs 8.5％ (15/176),x2=4.752,P=0.029].There was no significant difference in the fatality rate between the NIPPV and the NCPAP group [12.8％ (24/188) vs 10.8％ (19/176),P ＞ 0.05].There were no significant difference in the incidence of air leak,intracranial hemorrhage,periventricular leukomalacia,retinopathy of prematurity,necrotizing enterocolitis,patent ductus arteriosus,and bronchopulmonary dysplasia between the NIPPV group and the NCPAP group.Conclusion Among low birth weight prcterm infants with RDS,the early use of NIPPV reduces the need for PS,intubation and invasive ventilation compared with NCPAP.

Objective To analyze the cause and treatment of the postoperative gastrointestinal hemorrhage after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD).Methods Clinical data of 213 patients who underwent PD in our hospital from January 1996 to December 2011 and 2 patients who suffered from gastrointestinal hemorrhage after PD transferred to our hospital from other hospitals were retrospectively analyzed.Results The incidence of postoperative gastrointestinal hemorrhage was 8.5％ (18/213),the mortality rate of which was 22.2％ (4/18).Among the twenty patients with postoperative gastrointestinal hemorrhage (including the 2 patients transferred from other hospitals),stress ulcer was the most common reason of gastrointestinal hemorrhage (11/20,55 ％).There were 8 patients suffering from mild hemorrhage who were treated by medications.Seven of 12 patients who suffered from severe hemorrhage underwent reoperation.Univariate analysis showed that duration of operation above 420 min (x2 =3.976,P =0.046) and volume of intraoperative blood loss above 1200 ml (x2 =6.753,P =0.009) were significantly associated with postoperative stress ulcer bleeding.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that intraoperative blood loss was the only independent factor associated with postoperative stress ulcer bleeding (OR =5.677,P =0.035).Conclusion Gastrointestinal hemorrhage is one of the common complications after PD.The incidence of stress ulcer bleeding could be reduced by skillful operation and decreasing intraoperative blood loss.Operation should be used properly according to the cause and location of bleeding if hemorrhage could not be stopped by medications.

Objective To retrospectively review the results of intraperitoneal placement of composite mesh for the repair of ventral incisional hernia. Methods Ten patients, in which the peritoneum was difficult to close direcdy, underwent repair of ventral incisional hernia with composite mesh between November 2003 and June 2005. The mesh was placed intraperitoneally. The mean duration of follow-up was 18 months (range 6 to 24). Results All the patients (10/10) were cured without postoperative complications such as wound infection, subcutaneous seroma and hematoma. During the follow-up study, no recurrences was observed. There were no long-term complications, such as bowel obstruction, fistula formation and fistulization to the small bowel. All the 10 patients felt comfortable. Conclusions Intraperitoneal placement of composite mesh is a safe and effective repair method for ventral incisional hernia.

Abdominal Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Leukocytosis ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 19 STR Loci in Shandong Han population in order to provide the genetic data for paternity testing. METHODS: The genotypes of 205 unrelated individuals in Shandong Han population were typed by Goldeneye 20A kit to get the allele frequencies and population genetic parameters of 19 STR loci. Four kits, Identifiler kit, SinoFiler kit, PowerPlex 16 kit, and Goldeneye 20A kit, were compared with each other and used in the analysis of a special paternity test case. RESULTS: The population genetic parameters of 19 STR loci in Shandong Han Population were obtained. The cumulative discrimination power (CDP) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) ranked from high to low were Goldeneye 20A kit, SinoFiler kit, PowerPlex 16 kit and Identifiler kit, respectively. As duo case, the result of the real case showed that Identifiler kit had no excluding loci, and none of the SinoFiler kit, PowerPlex 16 kit or Goldeneye 20A kit could exclude fatherhood. CONCLUSION Compared with Identifiler kit, SinoFiler kit, and PowerPlex 16 kit, Goldeneye 20A kit shows the higher efficiency than the others, but is not completely satisfied for duo cases.
Asian People/genetics* ; China ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Loci/genetics* ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Paternity ; Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics*

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the detection of SARS‑CoV‑2 in household environment and public place environment of Huangpu District, and describe the feature of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination in the environment exposure to the infected cases, so as to support the control strategies such as disinfection and health communication. Methods　The results of RT-PCR test for the environmental samples exposure to the cases infected by SARS‑CoV‑2 during February 1 to March 31 2022 in Huangpu District of Shanghai were collected as the research data. Pearson χ2 was used to test the significance of the differences between positive rates of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination. Results　From February 1 to March 31, household environment samples had a higher positive rate (6.47%, 234/3 618) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination while the public place samples had a lower one (1.22%, 47/3 582) in Huangpu District of Shanghai (χ2=141.908, P<0.01). Among the household buildings, the lane houses of old style representing poorer living condition had the highest positive rates (8.31%, 96/1 155) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination while the apartments representing better living condition had the lowest (3.59%, 22/612) (F=5.25，P<0.05). Among the samples from household environment, samples regarding sewerage had the highest positive rates (13.30%,58/436) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination, while samples regarding the tool of cooking and sweeping had the lowest (3.10%,17/548) (F=9.84，P<0.01). Among the samples from public place environment, samples regarding entertainment tools had the highest positive rates (13.33%, 2/15) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination, while samples regarding the tool of cooking and sweeping had the lowest (0.62%, 4/646) (F=4.22，P<0.01). Conclusion　In the environment exposure to the SARS‑CoV‑2 infected cases, the disinfection, ventilation and cleaning should be intensified strictly. SARS‑CoV‑2's surviving in sewage environment should be evaluation dynamically. More health communication should be pushed to people of poorer living condition.

OBJECTIVETo compare the conventional pulmonary function test results of children with asthma or cough variant asthma (CVA).

METHODSA total of 140 children, who were diagnosed with asthma or CVA from May 2010 to May 2011, were divided into acute asthma attack (n=50), asthma remission (n=50) and CVA groups (n=40); 30 healthy children were included as a control group. The forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory flow after 25% of vital capacity has been expelled (FEF25), forced expiratory flow after 50% of vital capacity has been expelled (FEF50), forced expiratory flow after 75% of vital capacity has been expelled (FEF75) and maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF75/25) were measured.

RESULTSThe mean percent predicted values of all the above indices were lower than 80% in the acute asthma attack group, with FEF50, FEF75 and MMEF75/25 declining markedly; the mean percent predicted values of FEF75 and MMEF75/25 were lower than 80% in the CVA group. All the pulmonary function indices in the acute asthma attack group were lower than those in the control group. The mean percent predicted values of FVC, FEV1, FEF25 and MMEF75/25 in the asthma remission and CVA groups were lower than in the control group. All the pulmonary function indices in the acute asthma attack group were lower than in the asthma remission and CVA groups, but there were no significant differences between the asthma remission and CVA groups.

CONCLUSIONSThere is small and large airway dysfunction, particularly small airway dysfunction, in children with acute asthma attack. Children with CVA present mainly with mild small airway dysfunction, as do those with asthma in remission.

Asthma ; physiopathology ; Child ; Cough ; physiopathology ; Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Lung ; physiopathology ; Male ; Vital Capacity