Objective To evaluate the efficacy of jaw thrust device in the upper airway obstruction. Methods Thirty-five ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 18-64 yr with body mass index < 30 kg/m~2 undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were included in this study. The anesthesia face mask was placed and held tightly by 4 straps of JTD and connected to the anesthesia machine. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam, propefol, fentanyl and atracurium. When muscle relaxation was achieved, tracheal intubation was not performed. The airway obstruction was assessed by airway peak pressure and stridor score (breathing sounds detected by auscultation over the trachea). And then tracheal intubation was performed, and the patients were mechanically ventilated. Results There was no significant difference in airway pressure and stridor scores between JTD and jaw thrust maneuver. Conclusion JTD can effectively lift the jaw and improve the upper airway obstruction.

Objective To explore the clinical application of microsurgical techniques to therapy the femoral neck fracture in younger patients and prevent the necrosis of femoral head.Methods Seventy-four younger adults,age from 23 to 50,with femoral neck fractures were treated by open veducition,internal fixa- tion and pedicled bone transplantation from Jan.1995 to Dec.2004.All of the 74 patients were reviewed clin- ically and radiologically after an average of 3.2 years.Results In this group,19/74 cases(25.68%)had avaseular necrosis of the femoral head,which were diagnosised after an average of 28.5 months following inju- ry.Despite these results,these patients assessment with Harris system had been very good or good in 55/74 patients(74.32%).Conclusion It's an effective method to decrease the incidence of necrosis of femoral head after management the femoral neck fracture in younger patients by microsurgical techniques.

BACKGROUND:Long-term use of corticosteroids (hereinafter referred to as hormone) after renal transplantation could obviously lead to adverse reactions. Immunosuppressive regimen with less and no hormone has been a hot focus in the study of renal transplantation al over the world. However, reduction or withdrawal of hormones has a certain risk. At present, there is no unified scheme. Because urine protein can be immediately detected after tubular injury, to monitor urine protein can find the renal dysfunction after transplantation in recipients undergoing renal transplantation, which can gain time for clinical therapy. OBJECTIVE:To discuss the influence of hormone (prednisone) removal on the occurrence of urine protein in recipients undergoing renal transplantation. METHODS:A total of 35 recipients undergoing renal transplantation after removal of prednisone received immunosuppressive regimen of cyclosporine A or tacrolimus+mycophenolate mofetil bivalent. Initial dose of prednisone was 30 mg/d, and then gradual y reduced by 5 mg per week, and withdrawn at 1 month after renal transplantation. There were 16 cases in cyclosporine A group and 19 cases in tacrolimus group. Urine protein was measured and quantified at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after renal transplantation and 3, 6 and 12 months after addition of prednisone in both groups. Simultaneously, serum creatinine, fasting glucose, body mass increases, the rate of acute rejection, infection, patient/graft survival at 2 years after renal transplantation and urine protein at 24 hours before and after adding hormone were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:For the two groups, urineα1-microglobulin started to rise after 6 months of removal of prednisone. Urinary microalbumin, urinaryα1-microglobulin, and urinary transferrin ascended obviously at 12 months. Urinary protein was positive in five cases of cyclosporine A group and in three cases of tacrolimus group. At 24 months, urinary microalbumin, urinaryα1-microglobulin, urinary transferrin and urinary IgG ascended obviously. Urinary protein was positive in cyclosporine A group with 11 cases and in tacrolimus group with 10 cases. 24-hour urinary protein quantity was more than 1 g in every case. On this base, we made the patients to take more prednisone for 6 months, so urineα1-microglobulin and urinary microalbumin began to descend. Each group had one case of positive urinary protein turning to negative. Twelve months after the adjustment of the prednisone, urinary microalbumin, urinaryα1-microglobulin, and urinary transferrin descended respectively. Positive urinary protein turned into negative:in cyclosporine A group with two cases and in tacrolimus group with three cases. 24-hour urinary protein quantity was around 0.7 g. Two years after renal transplantation, serum creatinine and acute rejection rates were higher in the cyclosporine A group than in the tacrolimus group (P<0.05). No significant difference in fasting glucose, body mass increase, infections, and patient/graft survival was detectable between both groups. Results suggested that removal of prednisone greatly affected urine protein in recipients undergoing renal transplantation. In particular, at 2 years after renal transplantation, urinary microalbumin, urinaryα1-microglobulin, urinary transferrin and urinary IgG ascended obviously, and the security needs further research.

Objective To explore the expression and distribution of transient receptor potential cation channel 6(TRPC6)in normal human,mice,rats' renal tissue and the mouse podocyte clone 5(MPC5)for further investigating the relationship between TRPC6 and the protei-nuria-related podocyte molecules.Methods 1.The distributions of TRPC6 in normal human,mice,rats' renal tissue and MPC5 were observed by using the immunochemistry staining.2.The mRNA expression of TRPC6 in mouse renal cortex and differentiated MPC5 was detected by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).3.The protein expression of TRPC6 in human,mice and differentiated MPC5 was detected by using Western blotting.Results 1.In human kidney,TRPC6 showed a weak staining in glomeruli and a strong staining in renal tubules and vessels.In mice and rats' kidney,TRPC6 showed a strong staining in glomeruli and was mainly distributed along the capillary loops of glomerulus and in mesangium.The positive staining of TRPC6 was observed in MPC5,which was distributed evenly on the cell membrane in differentiated podocytes.2.The specific PCR band of TRPC6 was detected in mouse renal cortex and differentiated MPC5.3.The specific protein band of TRPC6 was detected in normal human,mice renal cortex and differentiated MPC5 with the size of 106.Conclusions The expression of TRPC6 is verified in normal human,mice and rats' kidneys,and in differentiated MPC5.These results will benefit for further exploring the relationship between TRPC6 and the proteinuria-related podocyte molecules.

Because of the rapidly rhythm of modern society, fast food and take-out become the main dining methods for most of young people,while the outside foods always have few types of foods and nutrition is not complete. Nutrient imbalances may cause many diseases such as gastrointestinal diseases,cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,obesity,and cancer.In this environment,health products have emerged.At present,there are a wide variety of health care products at home and abroad,which are broadly divided into three categories:traditional vitamins,emerging nutrient products,and extracts of natural plant active ingredients.In the early 1970s,the sales of health products in the United States had reached 170 million dollars.At present,it has nearly 100 billion dollars,which is almost 1/3 of the total food sales, people's demand for health products is increasing rapidly. In recent years, Chinese medicine health products become more popular in western,in fact, Chinese medicine health products have a long history of application in China and have a good reputation in the folk. Obviously, Chinese medicine health products have great potential for development.So this article mainly compared the de-velopment and state of health products between China and west countries.Based on the development of health products in western countries, this article analyzes the development trend and prospects for the development of Chinese medicine health products. It is roughly divided into three parts. The first part introduces the development reasons and history of western health products development.The sec-ond part introduces the history of Chinese health products and the current situation of Chinese medi-cine health products. The third part guesses the development trend of Chinese medicine health prod-ucts and provides some development ideas. The purpose of this airticle is to provide reference and ideas for the future research and development of traditional Chinese medicine health products.

Objective:To investigate the effect of paraformaldehyde fixation on measuring the protein-protein interaction by fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)to resolve the problem of FRET efficiency calculation in excess-movement cells.Methods:The C terminals of TCR ? chain(TRA)and TCR ? chain(TRB)genes,which were ideal for protein-protein interaction research,were fused with ECFP and EYFP gene respectively by fusion PCR and transferred into target cell.A grou Pcells were fixed in paraformaldehyde(0.5%)for 0.5~1h and another left alive,then these cells were subject to ECFP/EYFP FRET calculation with confocal laser scanning microscope.The ECFP/EYFP FRET efficiencies in live and fixed cell were analyzed and compared.Results:There is no significant statistical difference between the ECFP/EYFP FRET efficiencies of live cell and cell fixed with lower paraformaldehyde concentration and shorter incubation time.Conclusion:fixation with low-concentration paraformaldehyde and short-time incubation has no distinct influence on measuring protein-protein interaction,and facilitated the FRET calculation in excess-movement cells.

Objectives To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)H558R in SCN5A gene and chronic Keshan disease (KSD) complicated with hypertension,and the relationship between H558R and occurrence of arrythmia in chronic KSD complicated with hypertension.MethodsThirty nine patients with chronic KSD complicated with hypertension and 63 geographical region matched hypertension control subjects were recruited in our study in Fuyu county,Qiqihaer city,Heilongjiang province between 2006 and 2010.H558R polymorphism in case and control groups was genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism(PCR-SSCP) and sequenced,and electrocardiography(ECG) characteristics were examined in the two groups.Case-control study analytical methods were applied to analyze the relationship between H558R and chronic KSD complicated with hypertension,and the relationship between H558R and occurrence of arrythmia in chronic KSD patients complicated with hypertension.Results Subjects of genotype 558 TC in the case group had a decreased risk of chronic KSD complicated with hypertension with odds ratio of 0.288[95％ confidence interval (CI):0.104 - 0.794],and subjects of genotype TC in chronic KSD complicated hypertension patients had a decreased risk of QRS prolongation with odds ratio of 0.061 (95％CI:0.006 - 0.612).Conclusions Polymorphism H558R in SCN5A gene may be a predisposition factor of chronic KSD complicated with hypertension and occurrence of arrythmia in chronic KSD complicated with hypertension.

Objective To conduct statistical screening,reliability and validity assessment of nursing disaster emergency knowledge scale.Methods According to the content of disaster emergency knowledge and materials from home and abroad,and combined with foreign mature scales,initial scale was formed by the research group after two rounds of expert evaluation.Convenience sampling was used to choose 238 nurses from a military class three A hospital for pre-investigation.Exploratory factor analysis,reliability analysis and correlation analysis were also used to conduct statistical processing.Results Load value of every entry in the factors was 0.632-0.906,and cumulative variance explained rate was 69.257％.The correlation coefficient (r) between every factor and the total scale was 0.731-0.951 (P ＜ 0.01),and r between each factor was 0.502-0.818 (P ＜ 0.01).The total Cronbach' s α of the scale was 0.975,and the Cronbach' so of its 6 factors were respectively 0.768,0.799,0.752,0.865,0.819 and 0.813.And the test-retest reliability of the scale was 0.916.Conclusions The nursing disaster emergency knowledge scale has good reliability and validity,which can be applied as the evaluation index to select rescue nursing staff and define the needs of nurses' emergency knowledge training.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of surgical treatment on complex acetabular fractures.

METHODSThe data of 46 patients (38 males and 8 females, aged 16-75 years, mean equal to 38.5 years) with complex acetabular fractures, who were admitted to our hospital from January 1998 to December 2005, were analyzed retrospectively in this study. According to Letournel rules, posterior wall and posterior column fractures were found in 11 patients, transverse and posterior wall fractures in 13, T-type fracture in 4, both columns fracture in 10, and anterior column and posterior transverse fracture in 8. The choice of surgical approach was based on the individual fractures, which included ilioinguinal approach in 5 patients, Kocher-Langenbech approach in 7, combined approach in 26, and extended iliofemoral approach in 8.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up for 3.5 years averagely. The clinical outcomes were analyzed with Harris hip score and radiography. In 36 patients (78.3%), the surgical procedure was successful (Harris hip score more than 80 points). The rate of excellent and good was about 86%.

CONCLUSIONSThe keys to increase the effectiveness of surgical treatment on acetabular fractures are correct preoperative classification of fractures and choices of appropriate surgical approach and time.

Acetabulum ; injuries ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; classification ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orthopedic Procedures ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo review the epidemiological feature, clinical and diagnostic data of post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (TDH) associated with pelvis fracture reported in recent 10 years.

METHODSA 10-year retrospective study was undertaken to analyze the incidence, diagnosis, management, morbidity and mortality of patients with traumatic diaphragmatic hernia associated with pelvis fractures. A total of 46 cases in our country were reviewed.

RESULTSThe incidence of TDH associated with pelvis fractures was relatively rare and the diagnosis was often delayed or missed. A total of 72.34% of these patients were diagnosed as TDH associated with pelvis fractures after injury for 36 hours to 1 week. Although the trans-thorax approach was preferred for surgical closure in the acute phase, its mortality still reached 8.51%.

CONCLUSIONSTDH associated with pelvis fractures is difficult to be diagnosed because of its varied clinical and radiological signs and the patients may not present with symptoms for a long time after injury. In clinical, a high index of suspicion with appropriate examination is the mainstay of management, which can be helpful in prognosis.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Diaphragm ; injuries ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; etiology ; therapy ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; epidemiology ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvis ; injuries ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; therapy