Objective In order to make further investigation of the functional meaning of Ca~(2+)dependent phospholipids binding protein AnnexinⅡ,we tested the effects of AnnexinⅡ combined with embryonic neural stem cells(NSCs) transplantion on the repair of spinal cord injury(SCI). Methods The spinal cord of the adult rats was transected completely between T_9-T_(10).AnnexinⅡ and NSCs were injected at the transected site.The lesion area of the spinal cord,growth of axon,and survival number and migration of the transplanted NSCs were measured.The survival number was shown by prelabeling the NSCs with Hoechest 33342 and the growth of axon traversing the transected area was shown by fluorogold(FG) retrograde tracing.The AnnexinⅡ injection+NSCs implantation groups were compared with groups that respectively received 1.NSCs implantation alone;2.sham-operation+NSCs implantation and 3.Vehicle injection of culture medium. Results Our results demonstrated that AnnexinⅡ treatment in vivo could significantly reduce the lesion area(P

Objective:To evaluate the long-term safety of living kidney donors after nephrectomy.Methods:Twenty-six living donors of kidney were followed up for 2-8 years,with a mean of(4.27?2.11)years.The serum creatinine,blood pressure, proteinuria and psychological stress were observed in the donors during follow-up.Results..The serum creatinine had a significant increase after nephrectomy(P

ObjectiveTo investigate relationship between the temperature rising caused by infection in acute period of cerebral infarction and the prognosis.Methods68 patients with temperature rising caused by infection in acute period of cerebral infarction was observed as the observation group.The level of neurological deficit, space of infarct, location and prognosis in the study group was compared with normal temperature as the control group.ResultsThere was significant difference between observation group and control group in the level of neurological deficit,space of infarct,location and prognosis(P<0.01).ConclusionFever caused by infection can deteriorate cerebral ischemia.

Objective: To study the effect of apigenin on the expression of microglia in penumbra and cerebral water content after acute transient focal cerebral ischemia-reperfution injury in rats. Methods: The acute transient focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion models in rats were established with the modified suture method. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Sham group, model group, and apigenin groups (there were 6, 24, 48, 72 h, and 7 d reperfusion treatments in the model and apigenin groups, n = 12). All of them are 11 groups. The neurological behavior scores were valued. By FITC labeled isolectin B4 (FITC-ILB4) histochemistry staining, the infiltration of monocytes and the changes of cell morphology and number of brain-derived microglia in penumbra of six rats in every group were observed under laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). Water content was measured in isolated brain tissue of other six rats. Results: The positive cells of ILB4 (ILB4+) including microglia cells (Rhod 6G-) and infiltration of monocytes (Rhod 6G+) were found in cerebral ischemic area around penumbra of rats after 6 h ischemia-reperfusion in model group; The morphology changed to Amoeba-like; Microglia increased significantly after 48 h and reached to peak in 72 h, which mainly belonged to the proliferation of brain-derived microglia in Amoeba-like morphology. Microglia cell decreased in 7 d, and microglia in apigenin group obviously decreased more than that in model group (P<.05, 0.01) with the similar morphological change in corresponding time points. In 48 and 72 h of cerebral ischimia, the water content in brain tissue of rats in apigenin group was markedly lower than that in model (P<0.01). There was negative line correlation between the neurological behavior score and the number of ILB4 + cells in penumbra of model group (r=-0.415, P<.05). Apigenin could reduce the degree of neurological deficiency in model group and mitigate the brain injury effectively. Conclusion: A part of microglia cells inpenumbra are associated with brain injury; Apigenin shows the protection on acute transient focal cerebral ischemia-reperfution injury in rats, which maybe relates with down-regulating the microglia cell number and inhibiting the excessive activation of microglia cell.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term safety of living kidney donors after nephrectomy. Methods: Twenty-six living donors of kidney were followed up for 2-8 years, with a mean of (4.27 ± 2.11) years. The serum creatinine, blood pressure, proteinuria and psychological stress were observed in the donors during follow-up. Results: The serum creatinine had a significant increase after nephrectomy (P < 0.01), but all had normal serum creatinine levels and remained stable thereafter. There was no significant change in blood pressure or proteinuria after nephrectomy;only one case developed microalbuminuria after nephrectomy. One of the donors regretted donation and felt more mental stress after nephrectomy. All of the donors were alive without complications. Conclusion: Pre-operation assessment and selection of donors, along with standard intra-operation management and long-term postoperation follow-up, can guarantee the safety of the donors.

Objective To analyze the clinical diagnosis and treatment of pediatric tracheo-bronchial foreign body cases and therapeutic effects. Methods A retrospective review of the clinical manifestations, the feature of ima- geology and the methods of removing foreign body of 120 cases of pediatric tracheobronchial foreign body, which were confirmed with tracheobronchial foreign body by direct laryngoscope or rigid bronchoscope. Results History of aspiration was present in 90.8 % (109/120) of all cases, penetration syndrome was present in 100 % (120/120) of all cases. Among 39 cases with tracheal foreign body, there were 26 cases with audible flapping sound in trachea, the fre- quency was 66.7 %. With the X-ray chest fluoroscopy showing media-stinal swaying,59 cases were confirmed to be with foreign body by bronchoscope. The accurate rate of diagnosing traeheobronehial foreign body via CT was 86.2 % (25/29). All cases were confirmed and treated by direct laryngoscope and rigid bronchoscope. The foreign bodies of 119 cases were successfully removed. 1 patient was turned into the department of chest surgery. Conclusion History of aspiration, penetration syndrome, audible flapping sound in trachea, X-ray chest fluoroscopy showing mediastinal swaying are important evidence in diagnosing tracheobronchial foreign body. The accurate rate of diag- nosing tracheobronchial foreign body via chest CT is relatively high. Direct laryngoscope and bronchoscopy are con- firming methods in diagnosing tracheobronehial foreign body; it is effective methods to remove traehco-bronchial for- eign body by direct laryngoscope and rigid bronchoscope.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of jaw thrust device in the upper airway obstruction. Methods Thirty-five ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 18-64 yr with body mass index < 30 kg/m~2 undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were included in this study. The anesthesia face mask was placed and held tightly by 4 straps of JTD and connected to the anesthesia machine. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam, propefol, fentanyl and atracurium. When muscle relaxation was achieved, tracheal intubation was not performed. The airway obstruction was assessed by airway peak pressure and stridor score (breathing sounds detected by auscultation over the trachea). And then tracheal intubation was performed, and the patients were mechanically ventilated. Results There was no significant difference in airway pressure and stridor scores between JTD and jaw thrust maneuver. Conclusion JTD can effectively lift the jaw and improve the upper airway obstruction.

Microcystins (MCs) is a potent cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin produced by the blue-green algae,Microcystis aeruginosa. The pollution caused by microcystins has become a global concern. Facing to MCs-induced health hazards and potential economic losses,it has an important practical significance to study the effective chemoprotectants against MCs. In this paper,both domestic and abroad researches on the chemoprotectants (silymarin,curcumin,green tea polyphenols,cyclosporin-A,rifampin,trace element supplementation) against MCs were reviewed.

Objective To investigate the combination of multiple CT signs in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of nodular goiters (NGs).Methods The CT images of 242 pathologically confirmed lesions (＞ 10 mm in diameter) from 188 patients with nodular goiters were retrospectively reviewed.The CT signs,including regular shape,cystic degeneration,clearer enhancement margin,strong enhancement of nodular goiters were compared with those of 236 pathologically confirmed lesions (＞ 10 mm in diameter)from 225 patients with papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of different CT signs or their combination in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of NGs were analyzed.Results Regular shape was present in 208 of 242 NGs (86.0％) and in 35 of 236 PTCs (14.8％) (x2 =241.804,P =0.000).Cystic degeneration was present in 143 of 242 NGs (59.1％) and 7 of 236 PTCs (3.0％)(x2 =174.783,P =0.000).Clearer enhancement margin was present in 192 of 242 NGs (79.3 ％) and in 51 of 236 PTCs (21.6％) (x2 =159.318,P =0.000).Strong enhancement was present in 41 of 242 NGs(16.9％) and in 3 of 236 PTCs (1.3％) (x2 =35.108,P =0.000).Regular shape showed the highest sensitivity and accuracy for diagnosis of NGs (86.0％ and 85.6％),while strong enhancement showed the highest specificity (98.7％).The combination of regular shape and clearer enhancement margin showed the highest sensitivity and accuracy of 67.4％ and 80.5％,respectively.The combination of strong enhancement with any of other signs showed the highest specificity of 100.0％.The combination of regular shape,cystic degeneration and clearer enhancement margin showed the highest sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of 45.5％,99.6％ and 72.2％ respectively.The combing of 4 signs showed a sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of 2.9％,100.0％ and 50.8％.Conclusion CT scan is effective for diagnosis of NGs,and the combination of different CT signs can significantly improve the specificity and reduce the incidence of misdiagnosis to avoid unnecessary surgery.

Objective To investigate the expression of regeneration gene protein-2(Reg-2) after the transection injury in rat spinal cord. Methods Forty five SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: in the injury group,the SCI was produced by complete transection of the cord at the 9(th) thoracic level,and the sham operation rats were taken as the normal control.The animals were perfused at 1h,1d,3d,7d,14d after the operation,and the spinal cord was taken out at different time points.The expressions of Reg-2 were tested by immunohistochemical analysis and Western blotting,the double staining of Reg-2 and different neural cells special markers(GFAP,Olig2,NPY,CGRP,GAP-43,et al)was done with immunofluorescence method. Results The expression of Reg-2 was found at 1h after the spinal cord injury,reached the peak on day 3 after the injury in the neurons of dorsal horn and day 7 in the neurons of ventral horn.The high expression persisted for 1 week,then decreased gradually.Conclusion Reg-2 may work as an important growth factor and participate in the regeneration and rehabilitation process after the spinal cord injury.