Objective To investigate the effect of methylprednisolone on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in M?ller cells of rats' retinae injured by laser. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into two groups and inflicted with laser photocoagulation.The rats in treatment group were given methylprednisolone by intraperitoneal injection with a dose of 30 mg/kg for 3 days.At the 3rd,7th,14th,and 28th day after photocoagulation respectively, the eyes were enucleated,fixed and cut into sections.Immunohistochemical examination was used to detect the expression of PCNA and GFAP. Results After photocoagulation the M?ller cells expressed PCNA both in the treatment and control group,and the expression of PCNA decreased sharply after 3 days. The expression of PCNA in treatment group was less than that in control group. After photocoagulation the M?ller cells also expressed GFAP and the expression of GFAP lasted for at least 28 days ,and the expression of GFAP expression in the treatment group was less than that in the control group. Conclusion Methylprednisolone can reduce the expression of GFAP and PCNA in M?ller cells of rats' retinae injured by laser.

Objective To analyze the indication,ways,therapeutic effect,dose prescription and complication of skull base tumor treated by Gamma Knife.Methods Clinical data,including general information,method of treatment and therapeutic effect of 278 benign skull base tumors treated by Gamma Knife were studied retrospectively.Results All patients were followed up for at least 2 years.The clinical conditions improved significantly in 130 patients,remained stable in 125 patients,and worsened in 23 patients.The 5 years progression-free survival rate was 89.5%(249/278)by Kaplan-Meier analysis.The results of Log-rank analysis revealed that better results appeared in patients with smaller tumors.≤3 cm compared with those tumors＞3 am(X2=5.41,P=0.02),and in patients experiencing tumor resection compared with those without history of su~ery respectively(X2=3.96,P=0.047).10 of the 11 cases with tumors＞3 cm who were treated by volume-staged prescription achieved local tumor control.Brain edema occurred in 3 patients,apoplexy of tumor in 1 patient,hydrocephalus in 3 patents,dysfunction of cranial nerves in 12 patients.Conclusion For skull base tumor,Gamma Knife is a major choice,with low risk and maybe an alternative for those small tumors.For those residues after craniotomy,Gamma Knife maybe an auxiliary treatment,and it can be cautiously applied in those with large tumors who cannot tolerate surgery for various reasons.

In proteomic research, to improve protein solubility of membrane proteins and nuclear proteins, buffers containing high concentration of detergent, such as 4% SDS, were widely used. However, high concentration of detergent might severely interfere with the downstream proteomic analysis, including protein quantitation and trypsin digestion. To improve the proteomic compatibility of buffers with high concentration of detergent, we used short gel method to pretreat buffers containing detergent. Protein samples were first separated by a short (2-2.5 mm) SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, and proteins were quantitated by comparing with bovine serum albumin standards via optical density analysis. The gel was then cut and peptides were recovered using in-gel digestion. The quantitative linearity range of this method was 1 to 8 μg. The quantitation was accurate and reproducible. After short gel analysis, recovered peptides generated high mass spectrometry signals. In conclusion, short gel method eliminated the interference of high concentration detergent in the proteomics analysis, and it was suitable for protein samples' pretreatment, and was worth to apply in proteomic research.
Detergents ; chemistry ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; methods ; Mass Spectrometry ; Membrane Proteins ; chemistry ; Nuclear Proteins ; chemistry ; Proteins ; chemistry ; Proteomics ; methods ; Trypsin

Objective To increase the statistic power to estimate radiation-induced cancer risk on the basis of analysis of the 1999-2002 follow-up data from high background radiation areas (HBRA), in combination with those in the period 1979-1998, and further to estimate radiation-induced cancer risk at low dose after adjustment of individual smoking factor.Methods Cohort studies were conducted of cancer mortality for the residents in both HBRA and control area (CA), with follow-up made in phases.The present study was first focused on the collection of cancer mortality data during 1999-2002, with preliminary analysis of the risks of cancer mortality.And then, the effort was dedicated to analysis of both the risks of cancer mortality and the smoker-adjusted risks of radiation-induced cancer mortality from for the residents in HBRA in period 1999-2002 based on the pooled data during 1999-2002 and 1979-1998 through ID record linkage.Person-years were estimated using Epicure/DATAB model.The relative risk (RR), the excess relative risk coefficient (ERR/Sv) and confidence interval (CI) of cancer mortality from 1979 to 2002 were estimated using Poisson regress model in AMFIT mode.Results A total of 76 264 persons in HBRA and CA was followed up during 1999-2002, covering 300 523 person-years and 2 267 deaths identified, including 239 cancer deaths.Based on pooled data, 125 079 persons were followed up during 1979-2002, which covered 2 293 463 person-years and 14 711 deaths identified, including 1 441 died of cancer.The sex-and age-adjusted RR of all cancers in the HBRA during 1979-2002 was 0.99 (95％ CI: 0.89 to 1.11), showing no statistically significant differences between HBRA and CA (P ＞ 0.05).The value of ERR/Sv of all cancer mortality during 1979-2002 was-0.01 (95％ CI:-0.50 to 0.64).Smoker-adjusted RR of all cancer mortality in HBRA during 1987-2002 was 1.00 (95％ CI:0.87 to 1.15), with no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The value of ERR/Sv for all cancers during 1987-2002 was 0.01 (95％ CI:-0.56 to 0.81) after adjustment of smoking.Conclusions Increased risk was not found in relation to radiation exposure at low dose in HBRA.After adjustment of smoking, the statistical difference has not been shown in all cancer mortality between HBRA and CA, but excess relative risk increased slightly.

Objective To investigate the basic data of risk estimation of lung cancer among non-uranium miners in China.Methods 2836 workers from 24 mines in 9 provinces/regions were face-to-face interviewed to collect information including age at exposure,exposure duration,cigarette smoking among others.Results Age of the investigated non-uranium miners ranged from 17 to 72(36.9±8.0)years.The miners received low and poor education,3% of them were illiterate,58% with primary and middle school education,only 7% with junior college and higher education.Seventy-five percent of the uranium miners are migrant rural workers.Ethnic minority miners accoungted for 16% of all the investigated miners.Among the migrant rural workers age at initial exposure was estimated to be 29.6±8.0 years.By the time of the investigation,46.7% of the miners had worked in the mine for five years and longer,working years in the mine was 6.7±6.8 years with a median of 4.1years.3.4% of the non-uranium miners began the initial radon exposure in mines before their 18 years of old.17.5% of the investigated miners reported working more than 8 h every working day.Among the males,58.0% were current smokers with a median of 16 cigarettes per day.Age to begin the cigarette smoking was 20 years on average.Current smoking rate was age-dependent,the rate as high as 69.2% for the males aged 15-19 years.Current smoking rate was significantly statistically lower in coal mines than that in other mines,49.0% vs 62.5%.Compared with other miners,more frequent mechanical ventilations were reported by coal miners,Conclusions In China non-uranium mines,75% were migrant rural workers,by the time of the investigation about half of them had worked in the mines for at least five years.Non-uranium miners began their mining at 30 years on average,with a very small percentage of 3%,exposed to the mining radon before their 18 years.Current cigarette smoking rate in non-uranium male miners was the same as the general male population in China.

Objective To evaluate the cancer risk among the inhabitants around a certain nuclear facility of Gansu Province after operation for nearly 50 years.Methods Specially developed forms were filled by countryside doctors in the villages 30 km on the leeward or at the lower reaches of Yumen City,Gansu Province where a nuclear facility had operated for nearly 50 years,to register the relevant data of those who died of solid cancer and leukemia during the period from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2008 based on the relevant data and household survey.A town 90 km away from the nuclear facility with 4181 people were regarded as control area.Results The crude mortality and standardized mortality rate(SMR) of cancer were 95.51×10-5 and 93.56×10-5.respectively.The crude mortality and SMR of leukemia were 2.44×10-05 and 2.22×10-05, respectively.and the crude mortality and SMR of cancer were 106.88×10-05, and 89.31×10-5, respectively.The crude mortality and SMR of leukemia were 2.44×10-05 and 2.22×10-5, respectively in the investigated area,and the crude mortality of leukemia was 3.56×10-5 (only one leukemia cage died)in the control area in the same time.The cancer and leukemia mortality rates of the investigated area were similar to those of control area.Conclusions Nuclear facility does not significantly increase the cancer mortality among the residents living nearby.