Objective To investigate the effects of Rosa Laevigata Michx Flavoid( RLMF) and Rosa laevigata Michx Polysaccharose (RLMP) on expression of TRPV5 in IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) rat renal tissue. Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups.The rat model of IgA nephropathy was induced by intragastric administration of bovine serumalbumin and injections of LPS and CC14.Eight weeks later,the rats with IgAN were treated with RLMF or RLMP (4 weeks), or normal saline.Rats was sacrificed at thirteenth weeks, and RNA was extracted from the kidney.Expression of TRPV5 in tubulointerstitial tissues were analyzed by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR. Results After RFLP intervention,the expression levels of TRPV5 were markedly increased (P<0.01) than model control group,while decreased (P<0.05) than normal control group but had no significance with model control group after RFLF intervention. Conclusion TRPV5 expression is decreased in IgAN,and RLMP can adjust TRPV5 expression and improve renal function of IgAN.

Objective To establish a model of multiple trauma combined with uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock so as to provide basis for basic study of multiple trauma.Methods Forty New Zealand male rabbits were equally and randomly divided into four groups,ie,sham group (Group A,with no bloodletting or resuscitation),uncontrolled group (Group B,with bloodletting alone),aggressive fluid resuscitation and limited fluid resuscitation groups (Groups C and D,with bloodletting,hemostasis and resuscitation).Fractures of the right hind limb in rabbits of each group were induced by free drop of a 3 kg hammer from a height of 45 cm.An estimated 30％ of total blood was withdrawn from the right common carotid artery in 20 minutes in bloodletting groups (Groups B,C and D).Successively,the uncontrolled bleeding was caused via acupuncture bloodletting from ileocecal artery branch at 30 minutes in bloodletting groups.Progressive and limited fluid resuscitation using lactated Ringer' s solution (LR) were performed for Groups C and D in the next one hour respectively.Blood transfusion was performed in Groups C and D after ligation of bleeding artery branch at 90 minutes.In addition,LR of three folds more than blood loss was administered in Group D.Survivorship of rabbits in each group was observed at 150 minutes to seven hours.Arterial blood sample was taken at each time point for blood gas analysis and coagulation test.Fracture type,fluid requirements,intra-abdominal blood loss,and rabbits' survival rate at seven hours were recorded.Results Closed comminuted tibiofibular fractures were founded in all groups.Bloodletting groups showed an obvious reduction of MAP,heart rate and pH value and significantly increased levels of K+,blood glucose and lactic acid at 30 minutes (P ＜0.01),whereas MAP and heart rate were returned to baseline level at 150 minutes.Progressive fluid resuscitation significantly increased the intra-abdominal blood loss and fluid requirements (P＜0.01),decreased erythrocrit (P ＜ 0.05),prolonged prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time (P ＜0.05).Survival rate of rabbits was improved significantly by fluid resuscitation at 7 hours (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The model is of high stability and reproducibility and therefore is fit for study of multiple trauma combined with uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.

Objective: To discuss and compare the plasma pharmacokinetics after three oral Panax notoginseng saponin (PNS) administrations in beagle dogs. PNS is the main active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Panax notoginseng. Although its outstanding therapeutic efficacy has been demonstrated by various researchers, its broader application is restricted by the low bioavailability of PNS.Methods: An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantification of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rd, and ginsenoside Re in beagle dog plasma was developed and validated. The plasma samples were subjected to liquid-liquid extraction with acetone and methanol, and separated on an ACQUITY C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm ID, 1.7μm) using acetonitrile and water as the mobile phase with a run time of 4.5 min. Results: The analytes were detected without interference in Selected Reaction Monitoring mode with positive electrospray ionization. The validated method was successfully used in comparative pharma-cokinetic studies of the five saponins in beagle dogs after oral administration of three PNS preparations. Blood samples were collected up to 192 h after administration and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS 3.20 and SPSS 17.0. The AUC0-t values of Re and R1 were significantly higher in soft capsules than in hard capsules. However, the AUC0-t values between hard and soft capsules were not significantly different for the other three components—Rb1, Rd and Rg1. Conclusion: Our intuitive analysis suggests that the bioavailability of PNS in soft capsules is greater than in hard capsules.

Pterostilbene (3,5-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene) is a polyphenolic compound primarily found in blueberries, grapes, and a tree wood, pterocarpus marsupium. Studies demonstrate that pterostilbene inhibits a variety of cancers, such as lung, breast, stomach, colon, etc. The anti-cancer activities are related to the regulation of several hallmarks of cancer. Moreover, pterostilbene exhibits much greater bioavailability and bioactivity than resveratrol which warrants further investigation in the anti-cancer functions and mechanisms.
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Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Stilbenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology