Nowadays,with the introduction of the concept of minimally invasive surgery,laparoscopic surgery which occupied the mainstream operation method,vaginal surgery,and abdominal surgery were three main ways of gynecological surgery.Hysterectomy operation method as the routine operation of gynecology was changed as well.Laparoscopic hysterectomy has replaced transvaginal hysterectomy and transabdominal hysterectomy gradually.Historical development,operation indication,and advantages and disadvantages of hysterectomy are summarized in this article.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of cholangioenterostomy without stent tube drainage. (Methods) In this study 52 cases anastomosed without stent tube drainage (group A) and 56 cases with stent tube drainage (control,group B) were included. The patients′course of therapy and recovery, postoperative follow-up and reoperation were compared between group A and B. Results The rate of bile leakage was (5.8)% (3/52) in group A and 3.6%(2/56) in group B, respectively ,which was not significant(P