Aim To identify whether the petroleum e-ther fraction of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis ( GJ-PE ) could effetive exhibit a rapid antidepressant effect and also to investigate the biological mechanism. Methods Tail suspension test ( TST ) , forced swimming test ( FST ) and novelty suppressed-feeding ( NSF ) were used to screen the rapid antidepressant potential of ef-fective fractions of GJ-PE in KM mice at 24 h post a single administration. Tail suspension test ( TST) was also used at 30 min and forced swimming test ( FST ) was used at 2 h to test the initial onset time of effective fractions of GJ-PE in KM mice. Western blot was per-formed to examine the expression of BDNF and p-eEF2 in hippocampus of KM mice at 2 h and 24 h. Results An acute administration of GJ-PE1 decreased the im-mobility time of KM mice in FST at 2 h and 24 h and decreased the latency time in NSF at 24 h. GJ-PE3 de-creased the latency time in NSF at 24 h. GJ-PE4 in-creased the unit food consumption in NSF at 24 h. At 2 h post a single GJ-PE1 treatment, the expression of BDNF was significantly up-regulated while the expres-sion of p-eEF2 was significantly down-regulated. At 24 h post a single GJ-PE1 treatment, the expression of BDNF was significantly down-regulated while p-eEF2 expression was significantly up-regulated. Conclusion GJ-PE1 has the most significant rapid antidepressant potential among the four fractions of GJ-PE. The effec-tive time of GJ-PE1 is 2 h after drug treatment. The mechanism of the rapid antidepressant effect of GJ-PE1 at 2 h is related to the up-regulation of BDNF and down-regulation of p-eEF2 . GJ-PE3 and GJ-PE4 also have some features of rapid antidepressants. GJ-PE2 doesn′t have the rapid antidepressant potential.

Objective To analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of elderly patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 1 047 elderly patients with severe craniocerebral injury admitted to the department of neurosurgery of Tianjin First Central Hospital from January 1997 to December 2021,including gender,Glasgow coma scale(GCS),injury factors and injury types,and treatment after admission.According to Glasgow outcome scale(GOS),good condition,mild disability,severe disability are considered as effective treatment,while persistent vegetative state and death are considered as ineffective treatment.Univariate and multivariate Logistic analysis of risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Results Among the 1 047 patients,612(58.45%)were effectively treated,and 435(41.55%)were ineffective.The inefficiency of treatment in patients with intracranial hematoma was significantly higher than that of patients without intracranial hematoma[53.8%(342/636)vs.22.6%(93/411)],the treatment inefficiency of patients with complex injuries was significantly higher than that of patients with simple craniocerebral injury[62.4%(249/399)vs.28.7%(186/648)],the treatment inefficiency of patients with GCS scores of 3-5 was significantly higher than that of patients with GCS scores of 6-8[64.8%(243/375)vs.28.6%(192/672)],all differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the treatment inefficiency between males and females,or between patients with and without skull fractures[42.2%(294/696)vs.40.2%(141/351)and 37.9%(69/182)vs.42.3%(366/865),respectively,all P>0.05].Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that intracranial hematoma[odds ratio(OR)= 2.266,95%confidence interval(95%CI)was 1.656-3.103],type of injury(OR = 1.816,95%CI was 1.279-2.578)and GCS score(OR = 2.262,95%CI was 1.582-3.234)were independent prognostic factors for elderly patients with craniocerebral injury(all P<0.05).Conclusion To reduce the morbidity and mortality,it is crucial to address the factors that impact the prognosis of elderly patients with severe craniocerebral injury,by reducing the occurrence of intracranial hematoma and multiple injuries,as well as closely monitoring GCS scores,patient outcomes can be improved to a certain extent.