The petrous and the cavernous segments of 50 internal carotid arteries were examined in 25 adult cadavers.The petrous segment was divided into two portions, namely,the vertical portion and the horizontal portion.The two portions joined at the genu.No branch was found on the vertical portion.The horizontal portion sent off the pterygoid artery and the periosteal artery.Moreover,a surgical approach to the petrous segment of the internal carotid artery was explained. The cavernous segment was divided into the posterior acscending portion,hori- zontal portion,anterior ascending portion,posterior curve and anterior curve.The cavernous segment sent off two main branches,namely,the meningohypophyseal trunk and the artery of the inferior cavernous sinus.Moreover,a rare case of the persistent trigeminal artery was reported.

The supraclinoidal segments of 50 carotid internal arteries were studied in 25 adult cadavers.The supraclinoidal segment was divided into the ophthalmic arterial por- tion,the communicational arterial portion and the choroidalarterial portion.The ophthalmic arterial portion of the supraclinoidal segment sent off the ophthalmic artery,the superior hypophyseal artery and the hypothalamic branch.The microsur- gical anatomy of the ophthalmic artery was specially studied.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and their clinical significance of uPA (urokinase type plasminogen activator) and integrin?4 in papillary thyroid cancer. METHODS The levels of uPA and integrin?4 were determined by Immunohistochemistry technique (S-P method) in 36 specimens from patients with papillary thyroid cancer, 30 specimens from benign thyroid tumor and normal thyroid tissues adjacent to benign thyroid tumor. RESULTS The levels of uPA and integrin?4 in benign thyroid tumor were significantly higher than that in normal tissue adjacent to benign thyroid tumor (P

To resolve the agastric syndrome after total gastrectomy, researchers have performed varoius alimentary tract reconstruction procedures for patients. Meanwhile, because of controversial standpoints fol-lowing the total gastrectomy, more than eighty methods were published in the world. The highlight is focused on the discussion of whether a reservoir with the duodenal passage of foodstuff significantly beneficial to the patient's clinical and nutritional status after total gastrectomy. In this article, we reviewed and evaluated the progress of digestive tract reconstruction procedures after total gastrectomy in order to obtain a optimal opera-tion approach.

The methods of 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy were used in detecting the metabolites of brodimoprim (BDP) in rat plasma. The endogenic compounds in the plasma were removed with solid phase extraction (SPE) column firstly, then the mixture of metabolites was identified with 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy (MS). Two metabolites of BDP in the plasma at 20h were detected, they were demethyl-brodimorpim glucuronide and brodimoprim sulfurate. The study proved that the method of SPE coupled with NMR and MS can be applied to the analysis of metbolites in plasma quickly and conveniently.

Objective TALE-TFs were adopted to provide a new way in detection of the expression result ofβ-ca-sein gene promoter-interesting gene expression cassettes in mouse fibroblasts.Methods TALE-TFs of eukaryotic expres-sion plasmid and expression cassette withβ-casein gene promoter and red fluorescent protein reporter gene were co-nucleo-fected into mouse fibroblasts by Amaxa nucleofector.Results and Conclusion β-casein gene promoter was activated by artificial TALE-TFs in the mouse fibroblasts.The way is a new expression verification system instead of mammary epithelial cells with fibroblasts.