Objective To investigate cytokine levels in serum and culture medium of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) from patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.Methods PBMCs isolated from fresh heparinized blood were cultured and stimulated with rHBcAg.After 72h at 37℃ 5% CO2 in air,the culture supernatant was collected.Levels of interferon-gamma(IFN-?) and interleukin(IL)-4 in blood serum in spontaneous and supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Serum IFN-? levels in patients with acute self-limited hepatitis B(AH) and chronic hapetiti B(CHB) were significantly higher than those in normal control(NC)(P

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.24.004

OBJECTIVE:To bring the computer network into full play in effectively monitoring therapeutic recipe for patients to realize individualized administration of drugs.METHODS:According to the phasic characteristics of forming recipe, a local network model for monitoring therapeutic recipe has been set up.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:By computer and local network monitoring, the quality of prescription can be improved and individualized administration of drugs will further be achieved.

Objective To investigate the enhancing effect of microbubble contrast agent SonoVue of different dosage on high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation in goat livers in vivo. Methods Twenty goats were divided into 4 groups randomly. Animals in group 1,2 and 3 were bolus-injected of 0.01 ml/kg,0. 03 ml/kg and 0.05 ml/kg of SonoVue intravenously before HIFU exposure, respectively,and those in group 4 were not given injections as control. After injection 20s, the livers were ablated using HIFU performed in the manner of a single dot set by a computer system using a clinical device. The frequency of HIFU was 0.8 MHz,the intensity of HIFU was 19 100 W/cm2 ,the distance from skin to the target liver tissue was 30 mm,the exposure time was set at 15 s for all animals in the four groups. All animals were euthanized 7 days after HIFU, volumes of coagulated necrosis were measured. Pathological examinations were performed to analysis the exposure regions. Results Under the same parameters of exposure, coagulated volumes in group 1,2 and 3 were larger than those in group 4, the difference was significant (P < 0.05),and the coagulated volumes increased gradually with the dosage of SonoVue increasing from group 1 to group 3, the difference was significant (P<0.05). Pathological examinations confirmed that there were no residual unaffected tissues within the exposed volume. Two remarkable changes were observed in one goat in group 37 days after HIFU:the surrounding adjacent tissue outside the reactive zone necrotized and the skin were destroyed. Conclusions The enhancing effects of microbubble contrast agent in HIFU ablation is related with the dosage of the microbubble contrast agent SonoVue. The higher the SonoVue dosage,the larger the volume destroy in the target tissue.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of an outbreak of tsutsugamushi disease in Chuzhou region, Anhui Province, and to clarify the new changes of epidemic focus of tsutsugamushi disease in China. Methods Field epidemiological investigation and analysis of clinical features were done. The detections of specific antibodies against Rickettsia tsutsugamushi were conducted to diagnose tsutsugamushi disease using colloidal gold immunochromatography assay combined with Well-Felix reaction. The geomorphic and climatic characteristics of the new epidemic focus were investigated. Results The outbreak occurred from October to November, 2007. The epidemic focus located on mountainous brushland regions, and the air temperature fluctuated from 20-4 ℃. Nineteen cases of tsutsugamushi disease in the new-found epidemic focus were finally diagnosed, 9 cases out of them were hospitalized, another 9 had recovered when diagnosed by serological tests; the remaining one had classical manifestations of tsutsugamushi disease but did not receive the serological test for certain cause. The main clinical symptoms were chilly in 14 cases, fever in 19 cases, headache in 15 cases; among the 9 hospitalized patients, the symptoms were lymphadenectasis in 8 inpatients, skin rash in 7 inpatients, splenomegaly in 4 inpatients and skin eschar and ulcer in 7 inpatients and Weil-Felix reaction by OXκantigen positive in 4 cases; the specific antibodies against Rickettsia tsutsugarnushi of 18 tested cases were all positive. No severe complications occurred in all patients. Before the first case was identified, all other cases were not diagnosed in time and did not receive correct antibiotic treatment. Nine hospitalized patients recovered rapidly with the treatment of doxycycline. Conclusions The outbreak of tsutsugamushi disease in Anhui Province in 2007 is type of emerged in autumn and transitional epidemic focus. There is epidemic focus of tsutsugamushi disease in northern region of Anhui Province. Doxycycline is rapid and effective for the treatment of tsutsugamushi disease.

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Objective To evaluate the effect of clinical pathway in pulmonary thrombus embolism (PTE) .Methods 60 cases of PTE were admitted department of respiratory from 2011 to 2012 and divided into the experimental group and the control group ,30 cases for each group .The control group was implemented with normal process of hospital management while experimental group de-veloped clinical pathways .The efficacy ,department of respiratory drug costs ,complications and patient satisfaction were recorded and computed .Results The average department of respiratory and drug costs in experimental group respectively was (17 .13 ± 2 .22)days ,(16 545 .04 ± 1 557 .44) RMB and (7 050 .83 ± 372 .74) RMB ;less than (19 .77 ± 3 .41)day ,(17 709 .45 ± 1 902 .05) RMB and (7 345 .75 ± 450 .82) RMB in control group ,there were significant difference between the two groups (P<0 .05) .The satisfaction scores of experimental group and the control group respectively were (93 .47 ± 3 .88)sores and (90 .90 ± 5 .30)scores , there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0 .05) .The therapeutic effect and complication rates between experi-mental group and control group were no significant difference (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The effect of clinical pathway in PTE have a positive role in reducing hospitalization time ,total costs ,drug costs and increasing satisfaction ,it is worth to develop in primary hos-pital .

Objective To investigate the feasibility of enhancing therapeutic effects on goats' liver in vivo treated by high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)combined with microbubble contrast agent SonoVue.Methods Fifteen Nanjiang goats were adopted,own control was adopted in this study.One group received purely HIFU therapy(control group),another one was radiated with HIFU combined with SonoVue contrast agent(SonoVue group).The HIFU irradiating mode was dotted with 30 mm focal length and 150 W,250 W,350 W acoustic power respectively,and the exposure time was 15 s.Animals were sacrificed and dissected 24h later,and the sizes of necrotic region were measured.Specimens were collected for histological inspection.Results Under the same parameter of exposure,the maximum length,width,depth,and the mean volume of the tissue coagulated by HIFU in the SonoVue group were all significantly greater than those in control group(P＜0.05),the change of volume coagulated tissue was much more significant with the increase of the acoustic power.The energy effciency factor (EEF)of SonoVue group was significantly smaller than that of control group(P＜0.05).The demarcation line between the necrosis and normal region was clear and the necrosis was complete,no living cell.The boundary exist amount of bubbles.Conclusions The therapy of HIFU combined with microbubble eontrast agent can substantially enhance the biological effects of the treatment and improve the efficiency of HIFU therapy on goats liver.

Objective To investigate the concentrations of indoor radon (222Rn) and its daughter products as well as indoor thoron (220Rn) in selected houses in Yuhang district and Sanmen county,Zhejiang province,and estimate their annual effective doses to the population.Methods Solid state nuclear track detectors were used in selected dwellings in Yuhang district and Sanmen county,and the detectors were placed in bedrooms or living rooms.Without changing the ventilation habits of residents,These detectors were continuously placed from March to September in 2009.Results Indoor 222 Rn and 220Rn concentrations in low-rise buildings were the highest among all types of houses.The indoor concentration of 222 Rn had no relation with the building age (F = 0.53,P ＞ 0.05),but that of 220 Rn was dependent on the building age (F = 3.56,P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,the investigation demonstrated indoor 220 Rn concentrations in houses with no decoration were higher than in the houses decorated (t = 2.33,P ＜0.05).The average indoor concentrations of 222Rn and 220Rn in Yuhang district were 32.5 Bq/m3 and 314.3 Bq/m3,respectively,and the annual effective doses were 0.88 mSy and 0.42 mSv respectively.The average indoor concentrations of 222Rn and 220Rn in Sanmen county were 26.8 Bq/m3 and 399.5 Bq/m3,and the annual effective doses were 0.72 mSy and 0.53 mSv respectively.Conclusion The concentrations of indoor 222 Rn in some areas of Zhejiang province are at natural background level,and the concentrations of indoor 220Rn in rural areas are relatively higher.The total annual effective dose from 220Rn and its progeny was larger than that from 222Rn and its progeny by 50 percents.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the etiology, clinical features and prognosis of liver injuries caused by different drugs.

METHODSThe types of suspected drugs related to liver injury, clinical manifestations, liver biochemical parameters, clinical outcomes and other associated data were retrospectively assessed for 140 patients with drug-induced liver injury (DILI). The Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) was used to assess the causality between drugs and liver injury.

RESULTSThe most prevalent agents inducing DILI were Chinese traditional drugs (62.1%), followed by antipyretic analgesic drugs (10%) and antibiotics (5%). The ratio of male to female patients in the study cohort was 1:1.69, with 71 of the total patients (50.7%) being between the ages of 40 and 60 years-old. The RUCAM scale was not less than 3 points for any of the patients.In general, the clinical manifestations and biochemical results were not specific. The percentages of hepatocellular injury type, cholestatic injury type and mixed injury type were 51.4%, 30.7% and 17.9% respectively. The median age of patients with cholestatic liver injury was 55.6 years, which was older than that of patients with hepatocellular injury (47.1 years) or mixed injury (49.9 years).

CONCLUSIONAlthough antipyretic analgesics and antibiotics are considered as common drugs that can induce DILI, Chinese traditional drugs have emerged as another important group of liver injurious agents. Cholestatic DILI was found to occur more often in elderly patients than in younger patients.

Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Cholestasis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies