In fifteen human fetuses spcimens the peritoneal stomata were studied with SEM and TEM, and measured by image processing system. In order to prove that the peritoneal stomata are the passageway of absorbed matter from the peritoneal cavity, animal experiments were made. There are two types of the mesothelial cells on diaphragmatic peritoneum, i. e. the cuboidal cells and the flattened cells. The peritoneal stomata, which arranged in clusters or strips, were only found between the cuboidal cells. The shape and size of the stomata were often irregular. The average area of the stoma on the muscular portion is 10.43?1.61?m~2, while on the tendinous portion is 7.93?1.67?m~2. The connective tissue underlies below the stomata, under which no basement membrane was found. Many lymphatic capillaries were observed in the connective tissue, which may promote absorption of matter from the peritoneal cavity. In animal experiments, some particles of trypan blue were absorbed through the stomata of rabbit diaphragmatic peritoneum. The authors consider that the stomata, are first observed in human, are important pathway for draining matter from the peritoneal cavity.

By transmission electron microscopy and freeze etching technique 15 human fetuses were utilized to study the ultrastructure of the mesothelial cells on the parietal peritoneum. The mesothelial cells of the diaphragmatic peritoneum contained numerous vesicles which were frequently communicated with the free surface, the basement membrane, intercellular space and the peritoneal stomata. Some of the vesicles seemed to fuse each other and form vacuoles. Vacuoles also occurred close to, or communicated with the basement membrane and cell free surface. Sometimes they appeared as secretory particles. The microvilli contained vesicles opened to the free surface. The mesothelial cells on the pelvic wall displayed abundant endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, but scanty vesicles. So, the mesothelial cells on parietal peritoneum of human fetuses might be classified into two types, i. e. the vesiclecontaining cells on the diaphragmatic peritoneum and the ER-containing cells on the peritoneum of the pelvic wall. The vesicle-containing cells seemed to uptake material from the peritoneal cavity. Abundant endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus reflected a high synthetic activity, hence the ER-containing cells might be possibly related to the production of peritoneal fluid.

OBJECTIVE The short-term efficacy of endoscopic adenoid hypothermic plasma ablation and its effect on Eustachian tube function. METHODS 75 patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome who were treated in our hospital from March 2013 to March 2015 were divided into two groups according to the different operative methods: nasal power cutting group(30 cases) and low temperature plasma ablation group(45 cases), comparison of the two groups of patients with surgery time, intraoperative blood loss and follow-up after 6 months of clinical efficacy and Eustachian tube function. RESULTS The time of resection, operation time and intraoperative blood loss were significantly better in the low-temperature plasma ablation group than that in the rhinectomy group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); The incidence of complications in the low-temperature plasma ablation group was significantly higher than that in the rhinectomy group, and the difference was significant(P<0.05); there was no significant difference between the two groups in the total effective rate and the postoperative disease-specific quality of life questionnaire(OSA-18) and there was no significant difference in the quality of life between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION The clinical efficacy of low-temperature plasma ablation is close to nasal dynamic cutting, but low-temperature plasma ablation surgery in the amount of bleeding was significantly less than the nasal excision. This surgical approach is minimally invasive and safe, but its postoperative secondary infection and secondary bleeding is high, so this need for further study.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 595-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser in the treatment of patients at different ages with port-wine stains (PWS).Methods A retrospective review was performed in 1560 patients with PWS who had been treated with a 595-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser.Treatment parameters were selected according to the age of and types of lesions in patients.Results The total response rate was 76.73％ (1197/1560) in all of the patients.Clinical efficacy of the flashlamppumped pulsed dye laser was closely correlated with patients'age (x2 =83.47,P ＜ 0.01) and types of lesions (x2 =46.30,P ＜ 0.01 ).There was a low incidence of adverse reactions which were well tolerable.Conclusion The 595-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser is safe and effective for the treatment of PWS.

Objective:To investigate the influence of fetal liver AFT024 cells on the transfection efficiency of multidrug resistant gene 1(MDR1)and the in vitro expansion of CD34+ cells derived from umbilical cord blood.Methods:CD34+ cells were isolated from human umbilical cord blood by MACS CD34 Progenitor Cell Isolation Kit and co-cultured with AFT024 cells(AFT024 group)or cultured alone(control group)for 7 days.During the subsequent 14 days,retrovirus carrying MDR1 gene was supplemented twice a week to transfect CD34+ cells.On the 7th,14th and 21st day after culture,the number of total nucleated cells(TNC)was counted,the ratio of CD34+ cells was assayed by flow cytometry(FCM)and the number of CD34+ cells was calculated,and colony-forming cells(CFC)were counted by methylcellulose cultures.RT-PCR method was used to detect the level of MDR1 mRNA in the transfected cells.The expression and function of P-glycoprotein(P-gp)were evaluated by FCM assay and Rhodamine-123 efflux assay,respectively.The gene transfection efficiency was calculated by drug-resistant colony-forming cells assay.Results:(1)The MDR1 mRNA level in AFT024 group than that in control group.The gene transfection efficiency in AFT024 group was significantly higher than that in control group(46.0% vs 15.2%,P0.05).On the 14th day,the expansion fold of TNCs in control group was significantly higher than that in AFT024 group(P0.05).The expansion folds of CD34+ cells and CFCs in the AFT024 group were significantly higher than that of the control group(P

Objective To explore the expression and significance of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat 3), glucose transporter protein 1 (GluT-1) and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PC NA) in lesions of condylomata acuminata (CA). Methods SP immunohistochemistry method was used to measure the expression of Stat 3, GluT-1 and PCNA in tissue samples from 40 cases of CA and 20 normal skin controls. Results The positivity rates of Stat 3, GluT-1 and PCNA were 85.0% (34/40), 87.5% (35/40) and 85.0%(34/40), respectively in CA tissue, 35.0% (7/20), 30.0% (6/20)and 55.0% (11/20),respectively in the control tissue; statistical difference was observed in these rates between the two groups (all P ＜ 0.05). The expression intensity of Stat 3, GluT-1 and PCNA was also higher in CA tissue than that in the controls. In addition, the expression intensity of PCNA was correlated with that of Stat 3 and GluT-1in CA tissue (both P＜ 0.05). Conclusions There is an overexpression of Star 3, GluT-1 and PCNA in CA tissue, and the overexpression of Stat 3 and GluT-1 may be associated with the over-proliferation of CA tissue.

Objective To investigate the effect of high dose mifepristone and high dose progesterone in the treatment of patients with endometrial carcinoma and to explore the possible mechanisms associating with them Methods Thirty untreated patients diagnosed as endometrial carcinoma through dilation and curettage of the uteri were divided into 3 groups at random Each group was given medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA),(500 mg/day) or mifepristone(MIF),(100 mg/day)or MIF(100 mg/day)+ MPA(500 mg/day)for 5 days respectively On the sixth day, hysterectomy was performed on these patients The endometrial cancer specimen of post hysterectomy was compared with the one of pre administrating The morphologic changes of the endometrial cancer cells were observed through light microscope Immunohistochemistry assay (SP method) was applied to determine the localization and immunoreactive intensity of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), B cell leukemia lymphoma 2 (bcl 2), bcl 2 associated X protein(bax) and CD 44 v6 Results Better differentiation degree and active excretion were observed in all of the post hysterectomy endometrial specimen In the same time, apoptosis of carcinoma cells was observed The most significant changes were seen in the MIF+MPA group In the MPA group,the pre treatment and post treatment expression of PR(2 9?1 1,1 6?0 8),ER(2 8?0 9,1 4?0 9),PCNA(0 84?0 10,0 60?0 12),bcl 2(0 236?0 089,0 157?0 981) and CD 44 v6 (4 6?1 8,2 5?1 9) were all decreased(all P 0 05) In the MIF+MPA group, the expression of PR(3 2?1 0,0 8?0 8),ER(2 7?0 9,0 7 ?0 9 ),PCNA(0 81?0 09,0 25?0 09),bcl 2(0 225?0 091,0 066?0 009)and CD 44 v6(4 5?1 9,2 7?1 6) were all decreased(all P

ObjectiveTo examine the protective effects of 17-β estradiol on the experimental model of spinal cord injury (SCI) rats. Methods One hundred and eighty male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, after Allen' s model, SD rats were divided into three groups: the sham group, the acute spinal cord injury (control groups) and the acute spinal cord injury supplying with 17-β estradiol treatment group. SCI was made by Allen's weight dropping, impacting on the posteriors of spinal cord T10. The content of malonyldialdehyed (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were determined by chromatometry. The expressions of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 family in the injured spinal cord were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results The BBB scores at each time point in 17-β estradiol treatment group were significantly higher than that in SCI group (P<0.05). The contents of GSH, SOD, GSH-Px and the expression of Bcl-2 protein at the majority of time point in 17-β estradiol treatment group were significantly higher than that in SCI group(P<0.05), however, the MDA, Caspase-3 and Bax were markedly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions This study suggests that 17-β estradiol administration might prevent the cells from SCI-induced apoptosis by triggering to reduce the oxidative stress.

ObjectiveIn order to investigate anti-ageing mechanisms of the notoginsenoside Rg1,we used Aβ_(1-42) and D-galactose to establish aging rat model. Methods Ninety rats were divided into three groups at random: sham group, model group, treatment group. Aging rat models were established by injecting peritoneally D-galactose (100 mg/kg) to the rats for 56 days and after 35 days aggregated Aβ_(1-42)(μg) was injected to the right lateral ventricle of rats. Meantime, rats were treated by intragastric administration the notoginsenoside Rg1. Then spatial memory of experimental rats was examined with the Morris water maze(MWM). The thiol antioxidants including glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were examined by colorimetric method. The concentration of the pro-caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were examined by the immunohistochemistry and Western blotting method. Results In aging model rats escape latercies were significantly prolonged (P<0.05), while decreases were seen in the time of staying the third quadrants of platform, the number of crossing over a platform, the concentration of the GR, GSH-Px, and pro-caspase-3 as compared with the sham group(P<0.05). After treatment of the notoginsenoside Rg1, the aging model rats exhibited significant increases in the time of staying the third quadrants of platform, the number of crossing over a platform, the concentration of the GR, GSH-Px, and pro-caspase-3(P<0.05), while a decrease was observed in escape latercies as compared to control group(P<0.05). Moreover there was no significant difference in the expression of the Bcl-2(P>0.05). Conclusion The results from our study indicate that the notoginsenoside Rg1 could improve the oriented learning and memory capacity and prevent the neurodegeneration of central nervous systems in aging model rats by up-regulating the expression of the thiol antioxidants(including GR and GSH-Px) and resisting the cleavage of the pro-caspase-3.

Objective To explore the effect and injury mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after spinal cord injury (SCI) through detecting the dynamic changes of malonyldialdehyed (MDA)content in spinal cord and observing neurocyte apoptosis and correlation apoptosis factor expression after SCI. Methods Totally 132 adult SD male rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, SCI group, methylprednisolone (MPSS) group. The SCI of SD rats was performed by Allen's weight dropping way to impact on the posteriors of spinal cord T_(10). The contents of MDA were determined by chromatometry, the expression of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 family in the injured spinal cord was detected by immunohistochemical staining;Apoptotic cells were detected by using fluorometric terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (fluorometric TUNEL) staining. Results The content of MDA in the injured cord increased significantly after SCI;R3eached the peak at 6 hours and 3 days post-injury, then dropped down gradually, then was back to the normal level after 7 days. The number of TUNEL labeling positive cells of SCI group increased at 6 hours post-injury;R3eached the peak at 3 days, then dropped down gradually;Bcl-2, Bax protein began to increase at 6 hours post-injury;R3eached the peak at 5 days after injury, then dropped down gradually. Caspase-3 protein began to increase at 6 hours post-injury;R3eached the peak at 3 days after injury, then dropped down gradually. The content of MDA, the number of TUNEL labeling positive cells, the expression of Caspase-3 and Bax of MPSS group decreased significantly than that of SCI group at the same time;R3espectively, while Bcl-2 protein was up-regulated after administration of MPSS.Conclusion ROS could promote the expression of Caspase-3 and degrade the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax to induce apoptosis of neurocyte, which might play significantly role in the process of secondary SCI. In addition, MPSS exerts neuroprotective effects against ROS toxicity, which might be of importance and might contribute to their clinical efficacy for the treatment of SCI.