Objective The dynamic changes of hematopoietic function of bone marrow in patients with renal anemiabefore and after treatment and the curative effect of drug treatment were discussed through the detection of the related parameters of the red blood cell.Methods Reticulated red cells using Mindray-6900 automatic blood cell analyzer,54 cases of renal anemia patients were divided into three groups,respectively for renal function of compensatory group,renal function insufficiency decompensation group and renal failure group,and 45 cases of normal healthy group for comparison analysis were used to detect the reticulocyte percentage (RET),immature red blood cell index (IRF),red blood cell (RBC) count,hemoglobin (HB),serum creatinine (CR) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were detected before and after treatment of red blood cell hematocrit (HCT) and RET,and through the correction formula to calculatethe net knits red blood cell production index (RPI).The results were compared and analyzed.Results RET in renal failure compensatory group and renal failure group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05);IRF％ in renal insufficiency compensatory group was significantly lower than that of control group (P＜0.05).and renal failure compensatory group and renal failure group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05);RBC,Hb levels with the levels of bun and Cr increased significantly reduced,in kidney function not full decompensated group was significantly lower than that of control group (P＜0.05).and with the severity of the kidney was decreased gradually.Renal insufficiency compensatory group before and after treatment with HCT(％),Ret(％),HFR(％),MFR(％),RPI the difference was statistically significant (t=2.103,2.062,2.079,2.354,2.368;all P＜0.05),LFR (％) showed no significant difference (t=1.812,P＞ 0.05);renal insufficiency decompensation group before and after treatment with HCT(％),Ret(％),HFR(％),MFR(％),LFR(％),HFR showed significant differences (t =2.228,2.172,2.894,2.185,2.023,2.455;all P＜ 0.05);renal failure group HCT (％),Ret (％),HFR(％),MFR(％) HFR was statistically significant differences before and after the treatment (t=2.148,2.351,2.642,2.086,2.686;all P＜0.05),LFR(％) showed no significant difference (t=1.921,P＞0.05).The ROC area of IRF％ waslarger than other hematological indexes,and its diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 88.4 ％ and 80.2 ％,respectively,when the critical value was 22.3 ％.Conclusion Reticulocyte erythrocyte parameters can effectively assist physicians in renal anemia patients for diagnosis and treatment,especially the IRF％ and RPI is net woven red cells more sensitive,and the index can more accurately reflect the growth of hematopoietic function of bone marrow and erythroid,worthy of clinical application.