Dengue fever (DF), one of the mostimportant emerging arboviral diseases, is transmitted through the bite ofcontainer breeding mosquitoes Aedesaegypti and Aedes albopictus. Ahousehold entomological survey was conducted in Dhaka from August throughOctober 2000 to inspect water-holding containers in indoor, outdoor, androoftop for Aedes larvae. Theobjective of this study was to determine mosquito productivity of eachcontainer type and to identify some risk factors of the households to beinfested with Aedes larvae. Of 9222 households inspected, 1306(14.2%) were positive for Aedes larvae. Of 38 777wet containers examined, 2272 (5.8%)were infested with Aedes larvae. Containers used for reserving water,such as earthen jars, tanks, and drums were the most essential containers forlarval breeding. Tires in outdoor and rooftop of the households were alsoimportant for larval breeding. Although present in abundant, less importancewas indicated for buckets. Independent household, having water storage systemin the house, and having fully/partly shaded outdoor premise were foundsignificantly associated with household infestation of Aedes larvae. Identification and subsequent elimination of the most productive containers ina given area may potentially reduce mosquito density below a level at whichdengue transmission may be halted.

Dengue fever (DF), one of the most important emerging arboviral diseases, is transmitted through the bite of container breeding mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. A household entomological survey was conducted in Dhaka from August through October 2000 to inspect water-holding containers in indoor, outdoor, and rooftop locations for Aedes larvae. The objective of this study was to determine mosquito productivity of each container type and to identify some risk factors of households infested with Aedes larvae. Of 9,222 households inspected, 1,306 (14.2%) were positive for Aedes larvae. Of 38,777 wet containers examined, 2,272 (5.8%) were infested with Aedes larvae. Containers used to hold water, such as earthen jars, tanks, and drums were the most common containers for larval breeding. Tires in outdoor and rooftop locations of the households were also important for larval breeding. Although present in abundance, buckets were of less importance. Factors such as independent household, presence of a water storage system in the house, and fully/partly shaded outdoors were found to be significantly associated with household infestation of Aedes larvae. Identification and subsequent elimination of the most productive containers in a given area may potentially reduce mosquito density to below a level at which dengue transmission may be halted.

Dynamic X-ray (DXR) is a functional imaging technique that uses sequential images obtained by a flat-panel detector (FPD).This article aims to describe the mechanism of DXR and the analysis methods used as well as review the clinical evidence for its use. DXR analyzes dynamic changes on the basis of X-ray translucency and can be used for analysis of diaphragmatic kinetics, ventilation, and lung perfusion. It offers many advantages such as a high temporal resolution and flexibility in body positioning. Many clinical studies have reported the feasibility of DXR and its characteristic findings in pulmonary diseases. DXR may serve as an alternative to pulmonary function tests in patients requiring contact inhibition, including patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 or other infectious diseases. Thus, DXR has a great potential to play an important role in the clinical setting. Further investigations are needed to utilize DXR more effectively and to establish it as a valuable diagnostic tool.

Dynamic X-ray (DXR) is a functional imaging technique that uses sequential images obtained by a flat-panel detector (FPD).This article aims to describe the mechanism of DXR and the analysis methods used as well as review the clinical evidence for its use. DXR analyzes dynamic changes on the basis of X-ray translucency and can be used for analysis of diaphragmatic kinetics, ventilation, and lung perfusion. It offers many advantages such as a high temporal resolution and flexibility in body positioning. Many clinical studies have reported the feasibility of DXR and its characteristic findings in pulmonary diseases. DXR may serve as an alternative to pulmonary function tests in patients requiring contact inhibition, including patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 or other infectious diseases. Thus, DXR has a great potential to play an important role in the clinical setting. Further investigations are needed to utilize DXR more effectively and to establish it as a valuable diagnostic tool.

Objective To explore the effect of the combination of Tuina and treadmill training on denervation skeletal muscle atrophy. Methods A total of 80 Sprague-Dawley rats (one month old) were randomly divided into control group (n=40) and manipulation group (n=40). Their sciatic nerves were transected, and the manipulative group accepted treadmill training and kneading of Tuina, while the control group accepted no intervention. Their muscle wet weight ratio, muscle satellite cells and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) positive cells count were measured, and HE staining of gastrocnemius muscle were observed one, two, three and four months after intervention, ten rats in each group. Results Compared with the control group, the muscle wet weight ratio decreased three months after intervention (F=4.590, P<0.05), muscle satellite cells increased three months after intervention (F=12.466, P<0.01), and IGF-I positive cells increased two, three and four months after intervention (F>6.489, P<0.05). HE staining showed the skeletal muscle injury relieved somehow.Conclusion The combination of Tuina and treadmill training can relieve denervation skeletal muscle injury, but it is not enough for skeletal muscle atrophy, which may associate with promoting the expression of muscle satellite cells and IGF-I.