After the advantages of PACS system in medical imaging examination were described, its rational appli-cation in medical imaging examination was elaborated .

The evaluation of outcomes of cancer therapy in clinic are largely based on volumetric and morphological evidences.These evidences,however,are very limited in assessing the early effects of therapy.Functional and molecular MR imaging allows co-registration of functional/molecular-based information with high-resolution anatomical detail within the same imaging modality,which makes it possible for assessing the early effects of tumor therapy.

Background Electroacupuncture pretreatment plays a protective role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and microRNAs (miRNAs) could act on various facets of cardiac function. However, the role of miRNAs in the cardioprotection by electroacupuncture pre-treatment on myocardial I/R injury remains unknown. The purpose of the study was to examine whether miR-214 was involved in cardio-protection by electroacupuncture. Methods Using rat myocardial I/R model, we examined the role of electroacupuncture pretreatment in myocardial I/R injury and analyzed the changes in the expression of miR-214. In addition, I/R was simulated in vitro by performing oxy-gen-glucose deprivation (OGD) on H9c2 cell cultures, and the effect of electroacupuncture pretreatment on I/R injury as well as expressional level of miR-214 were examined in vitro. Furthermore, the miR-214 mimic was transfected into OGD-treated H9c2 cells, we analyzed the cell apoptosis, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) activities, intracellular free Ca2+concentration ([Ca2+]i) as well as the relative protein levels of sodium/calcium exchanger 1(NCX1), BCL2-like 11 (BIM), calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ(CaMKIIδ) and Cyclophilin D (CypD). Results The in vivo results revealed that compared with the I/R group, the electroacupuncture pretreatment group showed significant decreased myocardial infarct size, as well as the increased indices of the cardiac function, including heart rate, mean arterial pressure, left ventricular systolic pressure and maximal rate for left ventricular pressure rising and declining (±dp/dt max). In addition, electroacupuncture pretreatment could inhibit the elevation of LDH and CK activities induced by I/R injury. The quantitative PCR (qPCR) results demonstrated electroacupuncture pretreatment could provide cardioprotection against myocardial I/R injury in rats with miR-214 up-regulation. In the meanwhile, in vitro, electroacupuncture pretreatment protected H9c2 cells from OGD-induced injury. Trans-fection of miR-214 mimic showed protective effects on OGD-induced injury to H9c2 cells by reducing apoptosis, decreasing LDH and CK activities, rescuing the OGD-induced Ca2+and down-regulating elevated protein levels of NCX1, BIM, CaMKIIδand CypD. Conclusions Our findings firstly demonstrated that electroacupuncture pretreatment promotes the expression of miR-214 in myocardial I/R injury and miR-214 contributes to the protective effect of electroacupuncture on myocardial I/R injury.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization with detachable balloon for pulmonary arteriovenous fistula(PAVF). Methods: A 48 year old female with PAVF suffered intermittent emoptysis, fatigability, exertional dyspnea, and palpitations. CT and MRI demonstrated 2 PAVF in the module lobe on right side. Pre embolization super selective pulmonary angiography revealed 2 fistulae communicating to the sac of the lesion.Three detachable balloons were used for embolization of the feeding arterial branch.The diameter of detachable balloons was twice as that of the feeding arterial branch. The study of blood gases showed the arterial oxygen pressure was 6.5 kPa before operation, hemoglobin at 158 g/L. Results: No complications were apparent in our case. Two PAVF were completely occuluded by the embolization of a feeding branch. One month later, the arterial oxygen pressure increased to normal values, hemoglobin at 125 g/L and clinical symptoms disappeared. On postcontrast CT, the fistulas treated by the embolization of a feeding arterial branch were not enhanced. No symptoms and signs were found in follow up for 16 months. Conclusion: The percutaneous transcatheter embolization with detachable balloon is effective for PAVF. [

Objective To study the intra- tumor basis of pleural indentation (P I) and find the influential factors correlated with PI in peripheral lung cancer . Methods Eighty-six cases of peripheral lung cancer (includin g experimental gr oup of 34 cases with PI and control group of 52 cases without PI) were subjected to identify the constitution in tumoral interstitium. And 7 variables (includin g intra-tumor fibrosis, tumor-chest wall distance, histological type, diameter o f tumor, differentiated degree, lymphatic metastases, sex, etc.) were investigat ed about PI by single factor analysis and multiple factor analysis of Logistic r egression model. Results(1)Collagenous fibers were the mai n fiber in tumoral interstitium, and were higher in experimental group than that in control group ( t=3074, P005). Conclusion Collagen Ⅰfibers are the main type of interstiti al fibers, and myofibroblasts are the main type of interstitial cells in PI asso ciated peripheral lung cancer. Intra-tumor fibrosis, tumor-chest wall distance , and histological types are the main influential factors in PI formation, and int ra-tumor fibrosis is the basic and inside factor. The histological types affect PI formation. Tumor-chest wall distance plays an important outside role in PI f ormation.

Objective To measure the length and diameter of the main bronchus using three-dimensional reconstruction from spi-ral chest computerized tomography scans in Chinese patients,and to evaluate the relationship between the BMI of patients and the length and diameter of main bronchi in order to provide the basis for pre-operative tracheal intubation.Methods 100 males and 100 females,who were scheduled to undergo a chest CT scan for physical examination,the diameter at the carina of the left and right main bronchus were measured.The length of the main bronchi extending from the carina to the line that is vertical to the bronchial wall at the starting point from the branches of the upper lobe was measured at the workstation.Results the length of the men’s right and left main bronchus was (1 9.7±5.2)mm and (50.3 ±4.7)mm.the length of the women’s right and left main bronchus was (18.2±4.1)mm and (46.3±4.5)mm,The length of the left main bronchus(LMB)was about 3-4 times greater than right main bronchus(RMB).the cross-section of the men’s left and right main bronchus was (175.3±29.6)mm2 and (209.4±32.7)mm2 ,the cross-section of the women’s left and right main bronchus was (120.5±24.8)mm2 and (144.4±33.7)mm2 .There was no signifi-cant relationship between the length and diameter of main bronchi and the BMI of patients.Conclusion The results showed that there was no direct relationship between the diameter and the length of main bronchi and the BMI of patients.BMI is not the criteri-on for choosing double-lumen tube (DLT)size.We proposed that three-dimensional reconstruction be used to measure the size of the main bronchi and determine the optimal size of the DLT in a clinical setting.

Objective The sensitivity and specificity of 18 FDG PET/CT are poor in the diagnosis of gastric cancer .Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and Mucinous gastric carcinoma is known to have low fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) uptake,but not known for poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma .This study was to investigate the value of 18 FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of poorly differ-entiated gastric adenocarcinoma . Methods We retrospectively analyzed the results of 18 FDG PET/CT of 34 cases of histologically confirmed poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma .We recorded the volume , location , and gastric wall invasion depth , and maxi-mum standardized uptake value ( SUVmax) of the tumors and analyzed the relationship of 18 FDG uptake with the clinicopathologic pa-rameters. Results By 18 FDG-PET/CT, poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in only 67.6% of the patients (23/34).SUVmax was found to be significantly correlated with age , gastric wall invasion, and tumor size (P<0.05), but not with gender , tumor location , tumor pathologic subtype , lymph node metastasis , and distant metastasis ( P>0 .05 ) .Logistic regression a-nalysis showed the tumor size to be the sole factor influencing the 18 FDG uptake of poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma ( OR=0.37, 95%CI 0.154-0.920, P=0.03). Conclusion The di-agnostic value of 18 FDG-PET/CT is but limited for poorly differentia-ted gastric adenocarcinoma , and attention should be paid to its false-negative results .

Objective To evaluate CT features of inpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in general hospital.Methods 144 cases hospitalized with pulmonary tuberculosis from 2001~2006 in our hospital were included in this study.CT findings of pulmonary tuberculosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results 144 cases included:blood disseminated TB in 3,secondary tuberculosis in 102,tuberculous pleuritis in 39,pulmonary consolidation in 101,pulmonary nodus or masses in 18 and pleural effusion in 39.Conclusion CT examination has important value for diagnosing the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in general hospital.

70% . The patients were mechanically ventilated. VT was set at 10 ml? kg-1 and respiratory rate at 12 bpm. End-tidal PCO2 was maintained at 30-35 mm Hg. End-tidal PCO2, SpO2, ECG and BP were continuously monitored. The respiratory function and mechanics were measured using respiratory monitor CP-100 (BICORE) before and after pneumoperitoneum (intra-abdominal pressure reached 15 mm Hg) and 5,10,15,20,25,30,35 min after vecuronium. The respiratory parameters measured included inspiratory and expiratory VT ( VTi, VTe) , minute ventilation (VE), respiratory rate (RR), peak inspiratory and expiratory flow rate (PIFR,PEFR), PEEP, auto-PEEP, pressure-time product (PTP), inspiratory-time ratio (TI/TTOT ), rate/VT ratio, average airway pressure (PAWM), esophageal pressure (PES), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), dynamic compliance (CDyn), airway resistance (RAw ) and work of breathing. Results There was no significant difference in the effect of different doses of vecuronium on respiratory function and mechanics including all parameters measured at all time points among the three groups. Mean airway pressure, esophageal pressure peak inspiratory pressure, airway resistance and work of breathing increased significantly but dynamic compliance decreased significantly after CO2 penumoperitoneum. Conclusion Intra-abdominal CO2 insufflation significantly attect respiratory mecnanics. me effect of pneumoperitoneum on respiratory mechanics can not be prevented or attenuated by increasing the dose of muscle relaxant.

Objective:To investigate the influence of lung inflation on MR perfusion imaging of human lung using an arterial spin labeling sequence called flow sensitive alternating inversion recovery(FAIR).Methods:Coronal perfusion-weighted images were obtained at different respiratory phases from 10 healthy volunteers on a 1.5T whole body scanner(GE medical system)using FAIR sequence.The changes of tagging efficiency of pulmonary parenchyma(?SI %),pulmonary blood flow and area of the scanning slice of different respiratory phases were analyzed.Results:(1)Significant difference was found in ?SI% between different respiratory phases(right lung P=0.021 5,left lung P=0.008 4),with that at end expiration greater than that at end inspiration.(2)Significant difference was also found in pulmonary blood flow at different respiratory phases(right lung P=8.92?10-5,left lung P=0.000 2),with that at end expiration higher than that at end inspiration.(3)The areas of the scanning slice were also significantly different at different respiratory phases(right lung P=2.94?10-5,left lung P=0.000 5),with that at end inspiration larger than that at end expiration.Conclusion:Pulmonary blood flow during expiration is higher than that during inspiration,which might be due to the decreased lung volume and increased vascular density during expiration.