BACKGROUND:Intervention using known inflammatory transmitters has limitations on relieving secondary spinal cord injury. Interleukin-17 is an important proinflammatory cytokine, and is gradual y paid attention in the pathogenesis of central nervous system diseases.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the altered rule of interleukin-17 mRNA and protein in a rat model of acute spinal cord injury.
METHODS:Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to two groups. In the model group, rats were made into complete spinal cord transaction models. In the sham surgery group, only spinal dura mater was opened, but parenchyma was not injured. Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan locomotor rating scale was used to observe the effects of acute spinal cord injury on limb motor function of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe histopathological changes at various time points after spinal cord injury. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to detect interleukin-17 mRNA and protein levels in each group at various time points after spinal cord injury.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan locomotor rating scale:Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan scores were 20 to 21 in the sham surgery group. Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan scores were 0 at 1 and 2 days after spinal cord injury. At 7 days, Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan scores were 0 to 3 (P<0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining results revealed that compared with the sham surgery group, inflammatory cel infiltration, neuronal and glial cel swel ing, and a reduced number of neuronal processes were observed at 6 hours after spinal cord injury. Gray matter and white matter were loose and vacuolated at 12 hours. Gliocyte proliferation and tissue fibrosis were apparent at 7 days. Real-time PCR results demonstrated that interleukin-17 mRNA appeared at 3 hours, and peaked at 6 hours (P<0.01), and then decreased. Interleukin-17 mRNA levels were similar to the sham surgery group at 7 days. Western blotting results revealed that interleukin-17 expression began to increase at 6 hours and peaked at 12 hours (P<0.05), and then reduced, and reached the levels in the sham surgery group at 7 days. Results indicated that tissue injury was most severe at 12 hours, and showed a time consistency with interleukin-17 expression. It is inferred that interleukin-17 is possibly involved in the process of secondary inflammatory reaction of spinal cord.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of expression of interlenkin (IL)-17 in C57 mice′s spinal cord clamp area,and to provide new targets for clinical treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups. In the spinal cord injury group,mice were made into spinal cord clamp model. In the sham surgery group, the dura was cut without injuring the spinal cord. The IL-17 neutralizing antibody group received IL-17 neutralizing antibody injection through the cadual vein at 1 hour after the spinal cord clamp . Mouse scale for locomotion (BMS)was applied to evaluate the mice's behavior change of hindlimb in 1-7 days,the real time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the change in the expression of spinal cord injury district TNF-αmRNA each time,HE staining was conducted to detect the morphological changes of spinal cord injury of the sham surgery group,the spinal cord injury group and the IL-17 neutralizing antibody group at the 7th days. Results After spinal cord injury,the mice's BMS score were 9 in the sham surgery group;in the model of spinal cord injury group,the mice's BMS score were 0 on the 1st day,and 2.9 on the 7th day. In the IL-17 neutralizing antibody group,the mice's BMS score were 0 on the 1st day,and 3.5 on the 7th day. The expression of IL-17 mRNA in the injury area peaked at the 3rd hour,which showed statistical difference when compared with sham surgery group (P<0.05),and then decreased. In other times,it had no statistical difference when compared with sham surgery group (P>0.05),and the expression of IL-17 mRNA reduced the lowest levels on the 7th day. The 7th day following spinal cord injury,mice's spinal cord tissue was complete normal in the sham surgery group. In the spinal cord injury group,a large number of mice's nerve cells were necrotic, a lot of cells formed vacuolated. In the IL-17 neutralizing antibody group, part of mice's nuclear neurons were shrinking, cells formed vacuolated, but part of cells remained morphologically complete. Conclusion IL-17 is involved in secondary immune inflammatory process of spinal cord injury, it may be targets for intervention in the treatment of spinal cord injury.

Objective To analyze the effects of valproic acid(VPA),a histone deacetylase(HDAC)inhibitor,on macrophage polarization in?duced by paraquat(PQ)or lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Methods Mouse RAW264.7 cells were cultured at 37℃with 5%CO2,passaged,and then given one of the following treatments:(1)PQ;(2)PQ+VPA(classⅠandⅡa HDAC inhibitor);(3)PQ+apicidin(classⅠHDAC inhibitor);(4)PQ+MC1568(classⅡa HDAC inhibitor);(5)LPS;(6)LPS+VPA;(7)LPS+apicidin;(8)LPS+MC1568. The cells and culture supernatants were harvested after 8 h of treatment. RT?PCR,ELISA,and flow cytometry were conducted to assess the expression levels of macrophage phenotyp?ic markers. Results Both PQ and LPS skewed the macrophage functional polarity toward proinflammatory phenotype. VPA,apicidin,and MC1568 all inhibited PQ?and LPS?induced macrophages polarizing toward pro?inflammatory phenotype ,but the inhibitory effects were different in some ways. Conclusion VPA inhibits the proinflammatory function of macrophages induced by PQ and LPS ,but the effect of VPA on PQ?and LPS?induced macrophages has its own characteristics.

Objective To make comparison of duration of subarachnoid block with intrathecal ropivacaine between gravidas with diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic pregnancy, to evaluate the sensitivity of parturient with diabetes to ropivacaine. Methods 75 parturients who were presenting for elective cesarean section were randomly divided into pregestational diabetes mellitus group (group P, n=15) , gestational diabetes mellitus group (group G, n=30) and non-diabetic parturients group (group N, n=30). After entering the operating room, parturients were given spinal anesthesia spinal at the L3～4 interspace with 0.5％ hyperbaric ropivacaine 3 ml with left lateral decubitus position. To determine the level of sensory block by 10 g monofilament and evaluate the motor block with modified Bromage score. To record the time T6 sensory level was obtained, the onset time of sensory block, motor block, the duration of the motor block and sensory block. Results The time T6 sensory level was obtained of Group P were significantly shortened (P < 0.001). Compared with Group N and Group G, the duration of sensory (P < 0.001) and motor (P < 0.001) block were significantly prolonged. Conclusion Parturients with pregestational diabetes mellitus are more sensitive to 0.5％ hyperbaric ropivacaine compared to non-diabetic parturients. Compared with non-diabetic parturients, there are no difference in the sensitivity of parturient with gestational diabetes mellitus to 0.5％hyperbaric ropivacaine.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of deep learning methods to detect subsolid nodules from chest X-ray images.Methods The building,training,and testing of the deep learning model were performed using the research platform developed by Infervision,China.The training dataset consisted of 1 965 chest X-ray images, which contained 85 labeled subsolid nodules and 1 880 solid nodules. Eighty-five subsolid nodules were confirmed by corresponding CT exams. We labeled each X-ray image using the corresponding reconstructed coronal slice from the CT exam as the gold standard,and trained the deep learning model using alternate training.After the training,the model was tested on a different dataset containing 56 subsolid nodules,which were also confirmed by corresponding coronal slices from CT exams. The model results were compared with an experienced radiologist in terms of sensitivity,specificity,and test time. Results Out of the testing dataset that contained 56 subsolid nodules, the deep learning model marked 72 nodules,which consisted of 39 true positives(TP)and 33 false positives(FP).The model took 17 seconds.The human radiologist marked 39 nodules,with 31 TP and 8 FP.The radiologist took 50 minutes and 24 seconds. Conclusions Subsolid nodules are prone to mis-diagnosis by human radiologists. The proposed deep learning model was able to effectively identify subsolid nodules from X-ray images.

Objective:To investigate the value of CT features in predicting visceral pleural invasion (VPI) in clinical stage ⅠA peripheral lung adenocarcinoma under the pleura.Methods:The CT signs of 274 patients with clinical stage ⅠA peripheral lung adenocarcinoma under the pleura diagnosed in Changzheng Hospital of Naval Medical University from January 2015 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the ratio of 6∶4, 164 patients collected from January 2015 to August 2019 were used as the training group, and 110 patients collected from August 2019 to November 2021 were used as the validation group. The maximum diameter of the tumor (T), the maximum diameter of the consolidation part (C), and the minimum distance between the lesion and the pleura (DLP) were quantitatively measured, and the proportion of the consolidation part was calculated (C/T ratio, CTR). The CT signs of the tumor were analyzed, such as the relationship between the tumor and the pleura classification, the presence of a bridge tag sign, the location of the lesion, density type, shape, margin, boundary and so on. Variables with significant difference in the univariate analysis were entered into multivariate logistic regression analysis to explore predictors for VPI, and a binary logistic regression model was established. The predictive performance of the model was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve in the training and validation group.Results:There were 121 cases with VPI and 153 cases without VPI among the 274 patients with lung adenocarcinoma. There were 79 cases with VPI and 85 cases without VPI in the training group. Univariate analysis found that the maximum diameter of the consolidation part, CTR, density type, spiculation sign, vascular cluster sign, relationship of tumor and pleura and bridge tag sign between patients with VPI and those without VPI were significantly different in the training group( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found the relationship between tumor and pleura [taking type Ⅰ as reference, type Ⅱ (OR=6.662, 95%CI 2.364-18.571, P<0.001), type Ⅲ (OR=34.488, 95%CI 8.923-133.294, P<0.001)] and vascular cluster sign (OR=4.257, 95%CI 1.334-13.581, P=0.014) were independent risk factors for VPI in the training group. The sensitivity, specifcity, and area under curve (AUC) for the logistic model in the training group were 62.03%, 89.41% and 0.826, respectively, using the optimal cutoff value of 0.504. The validation group obtained an sensitivity, specifcity, and AUC of 92.86%, 47.06%, and 0.713, respectively, using the optimal cutoff value of 0.449. Conclusion:The relationship between the tumor and the pleura and the vascular cluster sign in the CT features can help to predict visceral pleural invasion in the clinical stage ⅠA peripheral lung adenocarcinoma under the pleura.