BACKGROUND: The association between the ingredients of perfusate and its protection on corneal endothelium is always the hot issue in ophthalmology and pharmacology.OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of different perfusates on the structure and function of rabbit corneal endothelium during phacoemulsification.DESIGN: A randomized grouping designed and controlled animal trial.SETTINGS: Laboratory of experimental animal center of Jinzhou Medical College and the laboratory of experimental animal operation of an urban hospital.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of experimental animal center of Jinzhou Medical College and the laboratory of experimental animal operation of Jinzhou Yadong Ophthalmology Hospital from September 2004 to March 2005. Sixteen pure Japanese big-ear rabbits of 3.5 months old, clean degree, were randomly divided into four groups with 4 rabbits in each group: normal control group, saline group, shike group and balanced salt solution group. Shike was produced by Shenyang Qixing Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.; Balanced salt solution by Alcon Company (USA).METHODS: The rabbits were intraperitoneally anesthetized with 100 ml/L chloral hydrate (3 mL/kg), 4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride eye drops were used for surface anesthesia of eyes, and both eyes were operated. Alcon phacoemulsification apparatus (USA) and routine microsurgical instruments were used. A 3.5-mm incision was made on sclerotic tunnel at 2 mm posterior to superior limbus of sclera, punctured into the anterior chamber, then 0.25 mL Viscoat (Alcon) was infused. Curvilinear capsulorhexis was performed with the diameter of about 5 mm. The phacoemulsification head was placed in the center to suck out the crystal nucleus and cortex, and the incision was closed after the operation. The morphology of the corneal endothelium was quantitatively determined using contact specular microscope preoperativley and 6 hours postoperatively, including the density and area of corneal endothelium,percent of hexagonal cells and the coefficient of variation. At 6 hours postoperatively, trypan blue-alizarin red active staining was performed, and the changes of slight structures of corneal endothelium were observed under light microscope.MATN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Quantitative analysis of the forms morphology of corneal endothelium (density and area of corneal endothelium, percent of hexagonal cells and the coefficient of variation); ② Characters of forms and structures of corneal endothelium.RESULTS: All the 16 rabbits were involved in the analysis of results. ① There were no significant differences in the morphological indexes among the four groups preoperatively. ② At 6 hours postoperatively, density and areas of endothelial cells, percent of hexagonal cells and the coefficient of variation were significantly lower in the saline group,shike group and balanced salt solution group than in the normal control group (P ＜ 0.05), and no significant difference was observed between the shike group and balanced salt solution group (P ＞ 0.05). ③ The structural changes of corneal endothelium in the shike group and in balanced salt solution group were alleviated more significantly than those in the saline control group, no necrosis was observed.CONCLUSTON: In phacoemulsification, the damage of perfusate to corneal endothelium is a chemical one. Under the same surgerical conditions, domestic perfusate of shike is as effective as balanced salt solution in protecting endothelial cells.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture with Ling Gui Ba Fa in treating diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS). Methods Sixty D-IBS patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 30 each. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture by selecting points according to Ling Gui Ba Fa plus Tianshu (ST 25) and Dachangshu (BL 25), while the control group was by oral administration of Pinaverium Bromide. The therapeutic efficacies were compared after 2 treatment courses. Results The markedly-effective rate and total effective rate were respectively 80.0% and 93.3%in the treatment group, versus 50.0%and 80.0%in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01, P＜0.05). The total effective rates for abdominal bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhea were respectively 93.3%, 86.7%, and 93.3%in the treatment group, versus 80.0%, 86.7%, and 80.0%in the control group, and the inter-group differences in comparing the total effective rate for abdominal bloating and diarrhea were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture majorly with Ling Gui Ba Fa is an effective method in treating D-IBS.

Objective To examine the status quo and relationships between medication adherence and beliefs regarding endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients.Methods A total of 273 patients were recruited from one tertiary hospital in Shenyang by convenience sampling method.They were investigated by using the Morisky medication adherence scale and brief medication questionnaire (BMQ) for medication adherence and behefs about medicines.Results The mean 8-item medication adherence scale score was 6.39 ± 1.68,with 65％ medication compliance,which was lower than the domestic and foreign literature levels.The mean BMQ score was-0.02 ± 4.394 points,given that the conviction was low.Medication beliefs in medication compliance impact strength was statistically significant (r =0.457,P ＜ 0.05),with positive correlation.Conclusion The current status of medication adherence and beliefs regarding endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients was not satisfactory.Based on the urgent need to improve the compliance of endocrine therapy in patients with breast cancer in China,breast specialist nurses need to focus on the establishment of a nursing follow-up program for endocrine therapy to improve patient compliance.