Objective:To understand the nasopharyngeal submucous carcinoma with the first show of cervicallymph node swell. Method:To collect the clinical data of 4 patients with such disease. Result:The 4 cases ofnasopharyngeal submucous carcinoma were not diagnosed until 3～6 months after cervical lymphnode metastasis.All patients received radiotherapy,three died within 1 year and another survived. Conclusion: If some patientshave cervical lymph node swell,pay attention to the meastasis of nasopharyngeal submucous carcinoma firstly.Even the examinations such as cytologic test,VCA-IgA,CT,MRI were negative,or even tuberculomas had beendiagnosed,nasopharyngeal submucous carcinoma still can not be excluded.

Objective To study and analyze the prognostic value of psychological dredging nursing combined with edaravone and naloxone in the treatment of craniocerebral injury. Methods 100 patients with craniocerebral injury treated in our hospital from February 2012 to October 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group,50 patients in each group. The control group was treated with edaravone combined with naloxone,experimental group were treated with edaravone combined with naloxone in treatment, and psychological counseling,pay attention to the psychological status of patients,strengthen communication and exchanges,increase confidence and compliance of patients. Compared and analyzed the blood coagulation indexes of the two groups. Results After corresponding treatment, the prothrombin time of the experimental group was (16.8±2.5)s, and the prothrombin time of the control group was (20.7±2.3)s. There was significantly statistical difference (P<0.05).In addition, the platelet count,activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time index in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Edaravone combined with naloxone and psychological counseling in the treatment of craniocerebral injury can improve the abnormal coagulation function of patients significantly, and recover consciousness, and has clinical significance.

Objective To study the clinical application value of the low forceps in vaginal delivery. Methods To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 280 cases of the low forceps in vaginal delivery,and randomly selected 140 cases pregnant women who cesarean section, as the control group. To compare the influence of maternal and neonatal morbidity in the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups for the incidence of the postdelivery hemorrage,birth trauma infectious, asphyxia neonatorum associated with delivery from low forceps when compared with cesarean section. The incidenc of the postdelivery sick rate was significantly lower in the low forceps group( 3.2% ) than that in the control group ( 10.0% ) ( x2 = 8.30, P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Low forceps may be a valuable instrument and safety or efficacy in vaginal delivery and that it should be more widely used in appropriate clinical situations.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, many drugs emerge to control tooth movement, and scholars in China begin to investigate Chinese herbs with moderate nature and smal adverse reaction.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the relapse after orthodontic tooth movement, osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression in periodontal tissue after rats were treated with local tanshinone type IIA at different doses.
METHODS:A total of 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:control, low dose (tanshinone type IIA 0.36 mg/d), medium dose (tanshinone type IIA 0.72 mg/d), and high dose (tanshinone type IIA 1.44 mg/d) groups. Taking anterior teeth as the anchorage, the maxil ary first molar of rats was tracted to mesial movement. In experimental groups, gingival mucosa of the first molar was local injected with tanshinone type IIA 1 day
before the force device was removed, while control group was injected with physiological saline, once a day, for 4 weeks. Immediately, 1 week, and 4 weeks after the force device was removed, the distance between the maxil ary first molar and second molar was measured and body mass was weighted. The animals were kil ed after 4 weeks, osteoprotegerin and osteoclast differentiation factor expression in maxil ary first molar and periodontal tissue were determined using immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no obvious change in the body weight of rats in each group (P>0.05). In low, medium and high dose groups, recurrent distance of the teeth was shorter than that in control group (P<0.05), and recurrence percentage was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). The greater the dose was, the
smal er the degree of recurrence was. Osteoprotegerin expression in the periodontal tissue was significantly higher in the experimental groups than the control group (P<0.05), while osteoclast differentiation factor expression was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The ratio of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast differentiation factor in the periodontal tissue was greater than 1 in both control group and experimental groups, and reached the peak in the high dose group. Local delivery of tanshinone type IIA has no impact on body weight of normal rats, and can effectively control the recurrence rate after orthodontic tooth movement. Within a certain range, high dose achieves the most obvious effect. Regulating osteoclast through adjusting the ratio of osteoprotegerin/osteoclast differentiation factor could be the molecular mechanism of tanshinone type IIA accelerating the periodontal tissue rebuilding.

Objective To report the clinical features and treatment outcomes of 27 patients with fungal endophthalmitis (27 eyes)over a five year period.Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed the etiology,direct smear examination,fungal cul-ture and treatments of 27 patients with culture-proven fungal endophthalmitis at the affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qing-dao University from 2007 to 2012.Results Exogenous infection was defined in 21 patients (77.8%),including 20 associated with penetrating wound,and 1 following cataract surgery.Endogenous infection was found in 6 patients (22.2%),including 3 associated with recent use of high-dose steroids,1 after abortion,1 following pelvic fracture,and 1 with long-term use of im-munosuppressive agents.Fungal hyphae were found in 17 smears of 27 samples (63.0%)by direct microscopic examination. The fungal strains cultured from 27 samples belonged to 8 genus and 12 species.The most common isolates were Aspergillus , Fusarium and Candida species.A.flavus (22.2%)and A.fumigatus (18.5%)were the predominant Aspergillus species. F .moniliforme (14.8%)and F .oxysporum (11 .1 %)were the most predominant Fusarium species.Two eyes were eviscer-ated immediately due to the serious condition.Among the other 25 eyes,22 (88.0%)got improvement after at least one of such treatments as intravitreal injection of antifungal agent,vitrectomy or penetrating keratoplasty (PK).Conclusions Exoge-nous fungal endophthalmitis is the most common type of fungal endophthalmitis in this hospital.Penetrating wound is the main cause of such infections.Microscopic examination of hyphae and fungal culture were effective for the diagnosis of fungal endophthalmitis.Aspergillus is the predominant pathogens, followed by Fusarium.Intravitreal injection of antifungal a-gent combined with vitrectomy is an effective treatment of fungal endophthalmitis.

From international students' origin, composition, cultural background, with experience of teaching Australian students for 10 years, we put forward a set of teaching measures for the overseas students in ophthalmic optics, specifically overall planning, preparing good complete and detailed teaching plans be-fore teaching, adopting typical case teaching and question guiding teaching, making full use of multimedia media teaching and at the same time, using both constraints and guidance in the education management of international students.

OBJECTIVE:To classify the drug properties of Compositae involved in effective patent of TCM extract combina-tion. METHODS:Property,flavor and the meridian tropism of TCM were used as the parameters;by computer analysis software, fuzzy cluster analysis was conducted from Compositae mostly involved in effective patent of TCM extract combination which ap-proved before Jan. 1st in 2015 and kept till May 30th in 2015. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:27 ingredients of Compositae were involved with the functions as protecting liver almost. They were classified into 5 categories. The first category included 10 ingredi-ents as Dendranthema morifolium which were cold,bitter to taste,and in the liver and lung meridian,and all of them contained flavonoids compounds;the second category included 3 ingredients as Gnaphalium affine of which flavonoids compounds were main medicinal components;the third category included 5 ingredients as Atractylodes lancea which could protect liver and contained vola-tile oil;the forth category included 4 ingredients as Tussilago farfara which showed anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effect;the fifth category included 5 ingredients as Erigeron breviscapus which contained ingredients for cardiovascular disease. Those catego-ries were similar not only in property,flavor and the meridian tropism,but also in active ingredients and effects. The researchers should further research TCM of which pharmacologic action are not well understood,by means of make reference to known TCM in the same category,and make preparation to save time and enlarge medicinal resource.

Objective To provide references for the education of intellectual property of TCM universities and colleges.Methods A questionnaire investigation were administered to the graduate students of traditional Chinese medicine from 5 domestic TCM universities and colleges, and data were collected and analyzed, with the addition of Internet information searching. The importance of intellectual property education for graduate students and the status in the end were analyzed.Results Some noticeable problems still exist in the graduate student education on intellectual property, like lack of curriculums, poor after-class practice, less special lectures, and so on.Conclusion In order to tackle these problems, and to make the education of graduate students of traditional Chinese medicine better, the corresponding cultivation mechanisms should be established; the main educational points should be definite; the secure system of laboratory should be improved.

Objective To analyze the reasons of cesarean section in primiparae without operation indications ,in order to provide foundation for reducing the rate of cesarean section .Methods 640 cases of primipara were randomly divided into cesarean section with no operation indications(observation group) and spontaneous labor group(control group) ,320 cases in each each .The general data was investigated and analyzed ,the scale of cesarean section causes ,scale of cesarean section and pregnancy knowledge were compared between the two groups .Results The average age of the observation group was significant higher than that of the control group ,the percentage of monthly income of over 2 000 yuan and the proportion of level of education for college or above was signifi-cant higher than that of the observation group(P<0 .05) .In terms of pain tolerance ,no confidence in the natural delivery ,timing production ,family members will ,elderly parturient women ,the observation group were significant higher than the control group (P<0 .05) .The pregnancy knowledge level of observation group was significant lower than the control group (P<0 .05) .Multi-fac-tor analysis showed that ,high education level ,no tolerence of pain ,no confidence in the natural delivery ,timing production ,elderly parturient women ,and low degree of knowledge during pregnancy were major cause of of cesarean section rate .Conclusion The ap-propriate analgesia and encourage should be adopted for pregnant women who can′t stand the pain ,without confidence in the natural delivery .Education should be strengthen for pregnant women who timing production ,elderly parturient women ,low degree of knowledge .

Objective To investigate the clinical value of tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-) and hypersen-sitivity-C reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) in elderly patients with chronic heart failure ( CHF ) .Methods 85 elderly patients with CHF were randomly selected as the CHF group ,and 85 healthy pepole were chosen as the healthy control group .All subjects were taken fasting blood in the morning ,the TNF-αand hs-CRP levels were detected and compared between the two groups .The differences of plasma TNF-αand hs-CRP levels in different grades of CHF patients were also observed .Results The TNF-αand hs-CRP levels of the CHF group were significantly higher than those of the healthy control group(t=110.86,25.63,all P<0.05).With the elevation of heart function classification ,the TNF-αand hs-CRP levels gradually increased ,and compared with the previous grade ,the differences were statistically signifi-cant(F=7.65,16.75,all P<0.05).The results of linear correlation analysis showed that the levels of TNF-αand hs-CRP were negatively correlated with the LVEF (r1 =0.78,P<0.05;r2=0.71,P<0.05).The TNF-αand hs-CRP were positively correlated (r =0.83,P <0.05).Conclusion The plasma TNF-αand hs-CRP levels of elderly patients with CHF are increased ,and their levels are closely related with the heart function .