Most academic information appears in the database and academic websites;in rencent years the blog and podcast also transmit academic information.Medical graduates need to check new information regularly after busy routine work,but how to effectively collect and manage academic information is a problem.This paper describes the new strategies and methods for them to use.

0.05).Among patients with advanced stage whose residual tumor ≤2 cm, 5-year survival was 65% and 30% for patients who did and did not undergo lymphadenectomy , respectively(P

Background and purpose:Previous studies have shown that Bubl was a critical component of the spindle checkpoint.Paclitaxel sensitivity was considered to be dependent on the functionality of this spindle checkpoint.This study investigated the effects of pEGFP-Bubl-shRNA plasmid stably transfected into the cell cycle and its sensitivity in human ovarian cancer cell line A2780.Methods:After the pEGFP-Bubl-shRNA plasmid and empty plasmids were constructed.they were transfected into A2780 cells by the Lipofectamine 2000~(TM).The nontransfected cells were the control.RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the target gene and protein expression.The rate of proliferation inhibition was tested by an MTT assay,apoptosis and cell cycles were determined by flow cytometry,and the mitotic index was determined bv Hoechst33342 dye.Results:RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that pEGFP-Bubl-shRNA/A2780 group displayed a low expression of Bubl compared to the A2780 and pEGFP-Cl/A2780 group(P＜0.05).The sensitivity of the pEGFP-Bubl-shRNA/A2780 group was significantly lower than the non-transfccted and pEGFP-Cl/A2780 cells(P＜0.05).Flow cytometry revealed that the rates of G2/M phase and apoptosis were significantly lower in the pEGFP-Bubl-shRNA/A2780 group than those in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Bubl plays an important role in the paclitaxel treatment.A down-regulation of Bubl could reduce the drug sensitivity and rate of G_2/M cells in human ovarian cancer cell line A2780.

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of Her2 pathological expression in the breast and gastric cancer patients for providing a reference for cancer prevention. Methods: Selected surgical resection specimens of 60 diagnosed in advanced gastric cancer and 60 diagnosed with advanced breast cancer from March 2009 to May 2014 in our hospital,all specimens were given the Her2 pathological expression of immunohistochemical analysis and investigation the clinical and pathological data. Results: The Her2 positive expression rates in the breast cancer and gastric cancer specimens were 40. 0% and 36. 7%,respectively that compared to no significant difference (P>0. 05). The Her2 expression was not related to the cancer patient’s age,histological type,and there were sig-nificantly correlated to the TNM stage and lymph node metastasis ( P<0. 05 ) . Spearman correlation analysis showed that Her2 expression in the breast cancer and gastric cancer were significant positive correlation to the Survivin, Bcl-2 expression ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion:Breast cancer and gastric cancer patients have shown high pathological expression of Her2,and are related to the TNM stage and lymph node metastasis, it may be through inhibited the apoptosis regulating proteins involved in the pathogenesis and metastasis of tumors.

Objective To investigate the expression of serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and serotonin 1A treceptor (5-HT1 A R) located in the chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-relative brain areas (mPFC,VTA,NAc) in high and low CUS susceptibility rats,thus to unveil the possible mechanism lead to the different CUS susceptibility.Methods One hundred and fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into experiment group (n =120) and control group (n =30).Rats in experiment group were trained according to established CUS procedure.OFT and FST were used to assess the different susceptibility to CUS:high susceptibility group (H group)and low susceptibility group (L group).After the model was established,rats were scarified and cardio-perfused,and the brains were removed and sliced up coronarily.The sections including ventral tegmental area (VTA),nucleus accumben (NAc),medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were selected.The mRNA levels of 5-HTT and 5-HT1AR in the regions were estimated with in situ hybridization.Results The expression of 5-HTT in H group were significantly lower than that of in the control and L group in all regions (mPFC:169.20 ± 8.23 vs 143.53 ±5.31 ; Nac:177.41 ± 5.68 vs 158.65 ± 5.24 ; VTA:174.16 ± 5.61 vs 158.65 ± 4.85),and the difference between the H and L group was significant(P＜0.01) ;however,the expression of 5-HT1AR in H group were significantly higher than that of in the control and L group in all regions (mPFC:113.98 ± 7.46 vs 125.90 ± 3.30 ; Nac:112.11± 5.50 vs 125.06 ± 3.97 ;VTA:103.11 ± 6.05 vs 115.57 ± 3.19),and the difference between the H and L group was significant (P＜ 0.01).Conclusion The overexpression of 5-HT1AR and down regulation of 5-HTT in the circuit of VTA-NAc-mPFC may be the basis of the high susceptibility to CUS.

Objective To study the protective effects on ovarian function by caloric restriction (CR) and its mechanism.Methods Thirty female C57BL/6 mice of 8 weeks old were randomly divided into two groups,including ad libitum (AL) group and caloric restriction (CR) group.The general situation and ovarian function of those mice were compared and evaluated.Ovarian follicles were counted by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Anti-Miillerian Hormone(AMH) mRNA expression of the ovary were detected by using real-time PCR.The concentrations of serum estradiol,progesterone of the mice were measured by ELISA.And the fertility of mice by mating trials were evaluated,SIRT3,Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and catalase (CAT) mRNA expression of the mice ovaries were detected by Real-Time PCR.Results The total follicles were 546 in CR mice and 286 in AL mice.The proportion of primordial follicles were 38.6％ (211/546)in ovaries of CR mice and 29.4％ (84/286)in ovaries of AL mice,which reached statistical difference.The proportion of atretic follicles 5.3％ (29/546) in ovaries of CR mice,compared with 16.8％ (48/286) in AL mice,was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).The AMH mRNA expression in CR mice ovaries was 3.37 times of that of AL mice (P ＜ 0.05).The serum concentration of estradiol in CR mice was up to (5.3 ± 1.6) pmol/L,which was much higher than (3.6 ± 1.6) pmol/L in AL mice.While,the progesterone concentration of (0.4 ±0.3) nmol/L in CR mice was lower than (1.4 ± 0.8) nmol/L in AL mice (P ＜ 0.05).Fertility and survival of offsprings were both improved in CR mice.The expression level of SIRT3 mRNA in CR mice ovary was 1.39 times,CAT was 1.55 times and HIF-1 α was 0.31 times of those in AL mice (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Caloric restriction can delay the ovary aging process through reduce follicle depletion by suppressing follicle recruitment and ovulation.The function of ovarian reserve and reproductive endocrine was effectively protected.Caloric restriction can reduce the incidence of follicular atresia,its mechanism might be associated with anti-oxidative stress.

In order to investigate the expression levels of Pin1 mRNA and protein in cervical cancer and its association with Ki67 and their clinical significance, amplification of Pin1 gene was examined by RT-PCR, and the expression of both Pin1 and Ki67 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry in cervical cancer tissues. It was shown that the expression levels of Pin1 were higher in cervical cancer than in normal cervical tissues (P < 0.05). The expression of Pin1 protein was increased progressively along with the disease process from normal cervix to CIN and to cervical cancer (P < 0.05). No significant difference in the Pin1 expression was found between disease stages (FIGO), pathological grades or pelvic lymph node metastasis status (P > 0.05). The expression of Pin1 was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma than in squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix (P < 0.05). In cervical cancer, the overexpression of Pin1 was positively correlated with that of Ki67 (P < 0.05). These results suggested that the overexpression of Pin1 was closely related with cancer cell proliferation or progression of cervical cancer and contributed to oncogenesis. Pin1 may serve as a potential marker for cervical cancer diagnosis.
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia/metabolism ; Ki-67 Antigen/*biosynthesis ; Ki-67 Antigen/genetics ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/*biosynthesis ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/genetics ; Tumor Markers, Biological ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/*metabolism

Recent evidence has suggested that Akt2 plays an important role in the protection of cells from paclitaxel (PTX)-induced apoptosis and control of the cell cycle. In addition, some scholars suggested that the PTX sensitivity depends on a functional spindle assembly checkpoint. In the present study, we investigated the role of the Akt2/Bub1 cross-talking in apoptosis and cell cycle after exposure of the A2780 ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel (PTX). Recombinant expression plasmid WT-Akt2 was transfected into A2780 cells by lipofectamine2000, and then the expression level of Akt2 gene was detected by using RT-PCR and Western blotting. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry and Hoechst 33342 staining after treatment with PTX. Moreover, we compared the expression level of Bub1 in different groups by Western blotting. Our study showed that up-regulation of Akt2 contributed to A2780 ovarian cancer cells overriding PTX-induced G(2)/M arrest, and inhibited Bub1 expression. Our findings might shed light on the molecular mechanism of PTX-induced resistance in ovarian cancer and help develop novel anti-neoplastic strategies.

In this article, the status of spindle assembly checkpoint and the alteration of its major component, Mad2 protein level were examined in A2780 and SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell lines. Recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pEGFP-Mad2 was transfected into paclitaxel-resistant SKOV3 cells and Mad2 protein was knocked down by Mad2-specific siRNA in paclitaxel-sensitive A2780 cells. Then the expression level of Mad2 gene was detected by Western blotting. Flow cytometry revealed that SKOV3 cells were not fully arrested in G(2)/M phase in contrast to A2780 cells in the presence of paclitaxel. However, paclitaxel sensitivity assay showed that sensitivity to paclitaxel was reversed after the transfection in both cell lines in terms of number of cells arrested at G(2)/M phase and the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly changed. These results suggest that weakened spindle checkpoint with reduced expression of Mad2 is associated with resistance to paclitaxel in ovarian cells and Bcl-2 may be involved in this process.

Objective To prepare the human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 peptide vaccine and explore the effect in vitro and in vivo. Methods (1) Prediction of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I restricted T cell epitopes by bioinformatics target at transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) and named by E7Pa, E7Pb, E7Pc separately. (2)In vivo, the C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups with same amounts randomly after loading with TC-1 cells (HPV 16 positive tumor cells from C57BL/6 mouse), named as E7Pa + CpG,E7Pb + CpG,E7Pc + CpG (as experiment groups, and added 50 μg/ml E7Pa, E7Pb, E7Pc, respectively), CpG(as positive control group and added Con A with 12 mg/L final concentration) and blank control group (without any treatment). The T cell proliferation was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay at different time points;the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) delivery method was used to test the cytolytie T lymphocyte (CTL) activity of mouse splenic lymphocyte in different ratio of effector cells and target cells (E:T);the related cytokines in tumor tissue and mouse peripheral blood were evaluated by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The tumor volumes were measured to contrast the therapeutic effect in different groups. Results (1) Three peptide named E7Pa, E7Pb, E7Pc were successfully preparated which had high affinity and specificity. (2) After vaccination of 24, 48, 72,96 hours, MTT results shown that the proliferation rate in E7Pa + CpG group were(131±32)%, (302±15)%, (552±28)%, (731±24)% individually, which were much higher than those in blank control [(72± 15) %, (120 ± 57) %, (176 ±41)%, (288±29)% ;P<0.01], and the other groups i. e. E7Pb + CpG,E7Pc +CpG and CpG groups all proliferated much higher than those in blank control group with statistic signification (P<0. 05), but there was no significant difference between groups(P>0.05);the LDH delivery assay showed that when the ratio of E:T was 100:1, the activity of CTL in the E7Pa + CpG group was most powerful than the other groups with statistic signification (P<0. 01). Meanwhile, the ratio of E:T was concentration-dependent. Compared E7Pb + CpG, E7Pc + CpG or CpG groups with blank control group, there were significantly difference(P<0. 05) ,while there was no significant difference between groups(P >0. 05). The mRNA levels of interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) in tumor tissue and peripheral blood in E7Pa + CpG group were significantly higher than those in blank control group (P<0. 01), which was the similar results when compared E7Pb + CpG, E7Pc + CpG or CpG groups with control group (P < 0. 05), and without significant difference between groups(P > 0. 05). The tumor volumes were suppressed obviously in all the experiment groups, especially at the 60th days, the volumes in ETPa + CpG group were much smaller than that in blank control group with statistic signification (P < 0. 01),which was the similar results that E7Pb + CpG, E7Pc + CpG or CpG groups had difference than blank control group with statistic signification (P < 0. 05), and without significant difference between groups(P >0. 05). Conclusion The HPV16 E7 peptide target at TAP combination with CpG as a vaccine could treat effectively the HPV16 E7 positive tumor in experiment.