Objective A comprehensive evaluation of the quality of medical service from January to December in 2007 was conducted in order to provide scientific policies for far-flung work and create bigger benefit in a certain hospital. Methods Apply factor analysis ascertains the weight,and we carry through a comprehensive evaluation of the quality of medical service combine with weighted TOPSIS to the hospital. Results The quality of medical service of hospital in 2007. The months of April,July , November better; February,May, October worse. The results accord with reality. Conclusion Research shows comprehensive evaluation of hospital medical quality needs a scientific target system. Using factor analysis and combining weighted TOPSIS in comprehensive evaluation is more objective and more scientific and authentic as take full advantage of the original source.

[ Abstract]Objective To investigate the effect of two-tage skin grafting with artificial dermis for perianal hidradenitis suppurativa. Methods A total of 20 cases diagnosed as perianal hidradenitis suppu-rativa in our hospital were selected from 2011 to 2013. In the first-stage operation,all diseased skin inclu-ding the superficial subcutaneous fatty tissue was excised,and normal deep subcutaneous fatty tissue was preserved. Then,artificial dermis was grafted to the preserved fatty tissue. After two weeks,split-hickness skin grafts were used for the skin defects as the second-tage operation. Graft success,recurrence and post-operative appearance were evaluated in these patients who were followed up for 9 to 28 months. Results Skin grafts of all 19 patients were successfully survived. The recurrence of hidradenitis suppurativa oc-curred in only one patient. This patient was treated with reoperation and the postoperative appearance was welly recovered. Conclusion Two-tage skin grafting with artificial dermis appears to be a good treatment option for perianal hidradenitis suppurativa.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic stomach intestinal pylorus sparing surgery (SIPS) in the treatment of severe obesity. Methods: The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of 5 patients with severe obesity who were admitted to the China-Japan Union Hospital Affiliated to Jilin University from October to November 2018 were collected. There was 1 male and 4 females, aged from 18 to 55 years, with an average age of 33 years. All the 5 patients underwent laparoscopic SIPS. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations; (2) postoperative situations; (3) follow-up. Follow-up was performed by outpatient examination, telephone interview and Wechat up to February 2019, including general condition, changes in body weight, body mass index, waistline, blood pressure, percentage of excess weight loss, fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood lipid, and uric acid at 3 months after surgery. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and they were tested with Hotelling T² test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range). Results: (1) Surgical situations: 5 patients underwent successfully laparoscopic SIPS under clear surgical field, without obvious bleeding, conversion to open surgery or perioperative death. The operation time was 240 minutes (range, 165-345 minutes). (2) Postoperative situations: the time to initial out-of-bed activity, time to first and flatus, and time to initial drinking and liquid intake were 2 days (range, 2-3 days), 3 days (range, 2-3 days), and 3 days (range, 3-4 days), respectively. On the third day after surgery, all the 5 patients were confirmed anastomotic patency, without gastric leakage, stenosis, or obstruction by upper gastrointestinal contrast. The abdominal drainage-tube was removed on the fourth day after feeding without obvious discomfort and foreign substances extraction from the drainage-tube. The duration of postoperative hospital stay was 6 days (range, 6-7 days). (3) Follow-up: 5 patients with severe obesity were successfully followed up for 3 months. During the follow-up, one patient had significantly increased frequency of defecation, roughly 5-8 times a day, especially after eating greasy food. According to the dietary guidance of the case manager, diarrhea was improved significantly after reducing the intake of oily food. Of the 5 patients with severe obesity, color doppler ultrasonography examination revealed that cholestasis was found in 2 patients at 3 months after operation, which may be related to significant weight loss, ratio imbalance of bile acid to and cholesterol, intestinal microbiota, injury of vagus nerve, significant increasing in mucin of gallbladder, and without oral ursodeoxycholic acid as prescribed by the doctor. The body weight, body mass index, waistline, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure of 5 patients with severe obesity were (100±15)kg, (36±4)kg/m^2, (111±10)cm, (130±12)mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), and (78±14)mmHg at 3 months after operation, respectively, showing significant differences compared with these of preoperation (F=61.631, 75.558, 87.045, 9.501, 16.248, P<0.05). The percentage of excess weight loss was 44%±9%. Among the 5 patients with severe obesity, the fasting plasma glucose of 2 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus decreased from 9.55 mmol/L and 13.49 mmol/L to 5.18 mmol/L and 5.62 mmol/L after operation, respectively. Level of glycated hemoglobin decreased from 10.0% and 9.9% to 5.2% and 6.2% after operation, respectively. In the 2 patients with hyperlipidemia, one patient with hypertriglyceride had level of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein increased from preoperative 2.24 mmol/L, 4.84 mmol/L and 2.92 mmol/L to 2.47 mmol/L, 6.68 mmol/L and 5.51 mmol/L after operation, another patient with hypercholesterol had cholesterol level decreased from preoperative 5.97 mmol/L to postoperative 5.75 mmol/L after operation. In the 3 patients with hyperuricemia, two patients had the uric acid decreased from 404 μmol/L and 484 μmol/L to 319 μmol/L and 417 μmol/L after operation, respectively, one had the uric acid increased from 531 μmol/L to 674 μmol/L after operation. Conclusions Laparoscopic SIPS has a significant short-term effect on patients with severe obesity, but its long-term safety and efficacy need to be further followed up.

Objective:To evaluate the mid-term efficacy of single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:The cohort of this retrospective observational study comprised 118 obese patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m 2 with or without other related metabolic diseases and BMI of (27.5-40.0) kg/m 2 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had been treated with SADI-S. Patients who had undergone modified surgery or been followed up for less than 1 year were excluded. Clinical data of the included patients [56 men and 62 women aged (34.5±9.7) years], who had undergone SADI-S in China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University from October 2018 to August 2022, were collected. Their mean preoperative body mass was (125.9±25.0) kg and BMI (42.8±6.8) kg/m 2. The 60 patients with T2DM had a mean fasting blood glucose of (9.9±3.2) mmol/L and HBA1c of (8.4±1.7) % before surgery. The main outcome measures were mid-term weight loss after surgery (body mass, BMI, excess weight loss, and total weight loss) 1, 2, 3, and 4 years after surgery and efficacy regarding diabetes mellitus (fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and diabetes remission rate at 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery). Outcomes were defined as follows. Complete remission: HbA1c <6% or fasting blood glucose <6 mmol/L without hypoglycemic medication; partial remission: HBA1c <6.5% or fasting blood glucose <7 mmol/L without hypoglycemic medication; significant improvement: HBA1c <7.0%, stable decrease of at least 1% compared with preoperative HBA1c, and postoperative dose of hypoglycemic medication significantly less; ineffective: no change in HBA1c and no reduction in dosage of hypoglycemic medication. Other outcome measures included intraoperative and postoperative adverse effects and postoperative nutritional indexes. Results:SADI-S was successful in all patients. There was no significant bleeding, conversion to open surgery, or perioperative death. The operation time was (186.1±41.5) minutes, and the postoperative hospital stay 6 (5–7) days. Surgical complications occurred in four patients, comprising peritoneal effusion, internal jugular vein thrombosis, anastomotic leakage, and gastric fistula. Body weight and BMI 1, 2, 3 and 4 years were significantly lower post- than pre-operatively (all P<0.05). Excess weight loss was (81.9±16.2) %, (82.2±15.5) %, (88.3±20.1) %, and (83.2±18.1) % at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years postoperatively, respectively. Total weight loss was (39.7±8.7) %, (40.6±10.6) %, (42.2±11.5) % and (45.4±10.2) %, respectively. The mean fasting blood glucose concentrations of the 60 patients with T2DM were (5.1±1.0) mmol/L, (5.0±0.7) mmol/L, and (5.4±0.9) mmol/L 1, 2 and 3 years postoperatively, respectively. The values for glycosylated hemoglobin were (4.9±0.6) %, (4.8±0.5) %, and (5.1±0.8) %, respectively, all of which are significantly lower than preoperatively (all P<0.05). The complete remission rate of diabetes was 95.0% (38/40), 90.0% (36/40), and 9/13 1, 2, and 3 years postoperatively, respectively. Additionally, the partial remission rate and significant improvement rate were both 100%. Two years postoperatively, the incidence of anemia was 27.8% (10/36), of hypoproteinemia 11.8% (4/34), and of ferritin deficiency 25.8% (8/31), all of which were improved by conservative treatment such as blood transfusion, iron supplementation, and adjustment of diet. Conclusion:SADI-S has a significant mid-term beneficial effect on weight loss and diabetes remission status in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Objective:To evaluate the mid-term efficacy of single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:The cohort of this retrospective observational study comprised 118 obese patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m 2 with or without other related metabolic diseases and BMI of (27.5-40.0) kg/m 2 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had been treated with SADI-S. Patients who had undergone modified surgery or been followed up for less than 1 year were excluded. Clinical data of the included patients [56 men and 62 women aged (34.5±9.7) years], who had undergone SADI-S in China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University from October 2018 to August 2022, were collected. Their mean preoperative body mass was (125.9±25.0) kg and BMI (42.8±6.8) kg/m 2. The 60 patients with T2DM had a mean fasting blood glucose of (9.9±3.2) mmol/L and HBA1c of (8.4±1.7) % before surgery. The main outcome measures were mid-term weight loss after surgery (body mass, BMI, excess weight loss, and total weight loss) 1, 2, 3, and 4 years after surgery and efficacy regarding diabetes mellitus (fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and diabetes remission rate at 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery). Outcomes were defined as follows. Complete remission: HbA1c <6% or fasting blood glucose <6 mmol/L without hypoglycemic medication; partial remission: HBA1c <6.5% or fasting blood glucose <7 mmol/L without hypoglycemic medication; significant improvement: HBA1c <7.0%, stable decrease of at least 1% compared with preoperative HBA1c, and postoperative dose of hypoglycemic medication significantly less; ineffective: no change in HBA1c and no reduction in dosage of hypoglycemic medication. Other outcome measures included intraoperative and postoperative adverse effects and postoperative nutritional indexes. Results:SADI-S was successful in all patients. There was no significant bleeding, conversion to open surgery, or perioperative death. The operation time was (186.1±41.5) minutes, and the postoperative hospital stay 6 (5–7) days. Surgical complications occurred in four patients, comprising peritoneal effusion, internal jugular vein thrombosis, anastomotic leakage, and gastric fistula. Body weight and BMI 1, 2, 3 and 4 years were significantly lower post- than pre-operatively (all P<0.05). Excess weight loss was (81.9±16.2) %, (82.2±15.5) %, (88.3±20.1) %, and (83.2±18.1) % at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years postoperatively, respectively. Total weight loss was (39.7±8.7) %, (40.6±10.6) %, (42.2±11.5) % and (45.4±10.2) %, respectively. The mean fasting blood glucose concentrations of the 60 patients with T2DM were (5.1±1.0) mmol/L, (5.0±0.7) mmol/L, and (5.4±0.9) mmol/L 1, 2 and 3 years postoperatively, respectively. The values for glycosylated hemoglobin were (4.9±0.6) %, (4.8±0.5) %, and (5.1±0.8) %, respectively, all of which are significantly lower than preoperatively (all P<0.05). The complete remission rate of diabetes was 95.0% (38/40), 90.0% (36/40), and 9/13 1, 2, and 3 years postoperatively, respectively. Additionally, the partial remission rate and significant improvement rate were both 100%. Two years postoperatively, the incidence of anemia was 27.8% (10/36), of hypoproteinemia 11.8% (4/34), and of ferritin deficiency 25.8% (8/31), all of which were improved by conservative treatment such as blood transfusion, iron supplementation, and adjustment of diet. Conclusion:SADI-S has a significant mid-term beneficial effect on weight loss and diabetes remission status in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Objective:To investigate a new method for the reconstruction of hemifacial microsomia by sagittal osteotomy of the affected mandibular outer cortex combined with bone graft of mandibular outer cortex from healthy side.Methods:From March 2006 to March 2023, the clinical data of patients with hemifacial microsomia admitted to the Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were analyzed retrospectively. Preoperative diagnosis and surgical design were performed based on clinical manifestations and imaging findings. All cases were operated under general anesthesia. The affected mandibular outer cortex was previously split by an intraoral approach, and then the mandibular outer cortex of appropriate shape and size on the healthy side was harvested and grafted into the split bone space according to the preoperative design, following by internal rigid fixation. Complications, facial appearance improvement, and patient satisfaction were followed up. Photographs were taken preoperative, immediately postoperative and at the long-term(last) postoperative follow-up, and the severity of the deformity was analyzed. CT data from preoperative, immediate postoperative, and long-term follow-up visits were imported into Surgicase Proplan medical three-dimensional image workstation in Dicom format. The mandible was reconstructed using Segmentation, and the thickness of the mandible was measured during pre-operative, immediate post-operative and long-term follow-up visits. Anova with repeated measurement design was used to compare measurements and LSD test was used for multiple comparisons. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used to statistically analyze malformation severity. P< 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 39 patients were included in this study, including 13 females and 26 males, with an average age of (22.21±4.57) years (15-27 years). All patients were followed up for an average of (45.56±39.41) months (6-153 months) after surgery. The grafted mandibular outer cortex grows well with the adjacent bone tissue, and the mandibular angle and mandibular body are significantly wider. Of the 39 cases, 1 developed an infection 1 year after surgery, the titanium plate was exposed, and the patient healed after debridement and removal of the immobilizing splint. The facial appearance of the other patients improved significantly. Preoperative, immediate postoperative and long term follow up of mandibular thickness measurements were compared in pairs, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The patient’s appearance satisfaction score: the preoperative score was [2.0(1.5, 2.0)] points, the immediate postoperative score was [4.0(4.0, 4.0)] points, the score of the last postoperative follow up was [4.0(4.0, 4.0)] points. There was statistical difference in satisfaction among the three groups ( P<0.01). The preoperative scores were compared with the scores of the immediate postoperative and the last postoperative follow-up respectively, and the differences were statistically significant( P<0.01). There was no statistical significance in satisfaction between the immediate postoperative score and the score of the last postoperative follow up ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The sagittal splitting osteotomy of the mandibular outer cortex is consistent with the features of mandibular anatomy, and provides a good condition for the grafting and healing of autogenous bone. Removing the outer cortex of the mandible on the healthy side not only increases the thickness of the affected side, but also decreases the width of the angle of the mandible on the healthy side, so as to effectively correct the asymmetric deformity of the mandible. The method is simple, with few complications and good results, and is one of the ideal treatments to correct hemofacial microsomia.

Objective:To investigate a new method for the reconstruction of hemifacial microsomia by sagittal osteotomy of the affected mandibular outer cortex combined with bone graft of mandibular outer cortex from healthy side.Methods:From March 2006 to March 2023, the clinical data of patients with hemifacial microsomia admitted to the Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were analyzed retrospectively. Preoperative diagnosis and surgical design were performed based on clinical manifestations and imaging findings. All cases were operated under general anesthesia. The affected mandibular outer cortex was previously split by an intraoral approach, and then the mandibular outer cortex of appropriate shape and size on the healthy side was harvested and grafted into the split bone space according to the preoperative design, following by internal rigid fixation. Complications, facial appearance improvement, and patient satisfaction were followed up. Photographs were taken preoperative, immediately postoperative and at the long-term(last) postoperative follow-up, and the severity of the deformity was analyzed. CT data from preoperative, immediate postoperative, and long-term follow-up visits were imported into Surgicase Proplan medical three-dimensional image workstation in Dicom format. The mandible was reconstructed using Segmentation, and the thickness of the mandible was measured during pre-operative, immediate post-operative and long-term follow-up visits. Anova with repeated measurement design was used to compare measurements and LSD test was used for multiple comparisons. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used to statistically analyze malformation severity. P< 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 39 patients were included in this study, including 13 females and 26 males, with an average age of (22.21±4.57) years (15-27 years). All patients were followed up for an average of (45.56±39.41) months (6-153 months) after surgery. The grafted mandibular outer cortex grows well with the adjacent bone tissue, and the mandibular angle and mandibular body are significantly wider. Of the 39 cases, 1 developed an infection 1 year after surgery, the titanium plate was exposed, and the patient healed after debridement and removal of the immobilizing splint. The facial appearance of the other patients improved significantly. Preoperative, immediate postoperative and long term follow up of mandibular thickness measurements were compared in pairs, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The patient’s appearance satisfaction score: the preoperative score was [2.0(1.5, 2.0)] points, the immediate postoperative score was [4.0(4.0, 4.0)] points, the score of the last postoperative follow up was [4.0(4.0, 4.0)] points. There was statistical difference in satisfaction among the three groups ( P<0.01). The preoperative scores were compared with the scores of the immediate postoperative and the last postoperative follow-up respectively, and the differences were statistically significant( P<0.01). There was no statistical significance in satisfaction between the immediate postoperative score and the score of the last postoperative follow up ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The sagittal splitting osteotomy of the mandibular outer cortex is consistent with the features of mandibular anatomy, and provides a good condition for the grafting and healing of autogenous bone. Removing the outer cortex of the mandible on the healthy side not only increases the thickness of the affected side, but also decreases the width of the angle of the mandible on the healthy side, so as to effectively correct the asymmetric deformity of the mandible. The method is simple, with few complications and good results, and is one of the ideal treatments to correct hemofacial microsomia.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of superciliary arch augmentation with silicone implant in the treatment of upper facial flatness.Methods:From July 2018 to September 2019, 42 cases aged from 20-32 (25.1±3.1) years old underwent superciliary arch augmentation with silicone implant. According to the anatomical characteristics of supraorbital margin and superciliary arch, A 7 mm surgical incision at the lower edge of the bilateral eyebrow tail was designed. The space was dissected close to the surface of superciliary arch bone and the carved silicone implant in accordance with the shape of the space was implanted. The effective part of the silicone implant was the lower edge, with a thickness of 2-7 mm. The middle part of of the silicone implant was the uppermost, corresponding to the inner third of the eyebrow. Each side of the implant had a small hole to allow tissues to grow in. The silicone implant at the eyebrow tail was sutured and fixed to the periosteum, and the vaseline gauze was packaged and sutured for external fixation at the eyebrow head. Photographs were taken and analyzed preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and at 6-18 months follow-up after surgery. Postoperative satisfaction was scored by patients, surgeons and laypersons according to the Likert 5 scale. SPSS Statistics 21.0 was used for statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, and P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results:42 cases were followed up from 6 to 18 (9.0±3.2) months. 1case developed aseptic inflammation 6 months after surgery, and the implant was removed. Four cases were not satisfied with the facial contour and underwent revision surgery. 1 patient developed hematoma, which was absorbed 2 weeks after surgery. The other cases were all satisfied with the results, which were significantly improved compared with the preoperative profiles. The superciliary arch and the upper facial contour were more three-dimensionally defined and the face was more harmonious during the follow-up. All cases had normal expression. No capsular contracture, wound dehiscence and nerve injury occurred. The thickness of the implant (lower edge) was 2-7 mm[(4.53±0.77) mm]. Postoperative satisfaction score: the patient was 2.5-5.0 points, median 4.60(4.38, 4.85)points, doctors was 4.2-5.0 points, mean 4.85(4.70, 4.90)points, third-party was 3.7-5.0 points, median 4.80(4.66, 4.90)points. There was statistical difference in satisfaction rate among the three groups ( H=9.978, P=0.007). There was statistical difference in satisfaction between patients and surgeons ( H=9.978, P=0.009), patients and third-party ( H=9.978, P=0.049). There was no statistical significance in satisfaction between surgeons and third-party ( H=9.978, P=1.000). Conclusions:The superciliary arch augmentation can effectively reshape the facial contour, providing a more refined and three-dimensional face contour. Silicone implant can reliably enhance the superciliary arch and is the first choice for the superciliary arch augmentation. Full understanding of patients’ request, individualized surgery designare the keys to achieve satisfactory results of silicone implant superciliary arch augmentation.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of superciliary arch augmentation with silicone implant in the treatment of upper facial flatness.Methods:From July 2018 to September 2019, 42 cases aged from 20-32 (25.1±3.1) years old underwent superciliary arch augmentation with silicone implant. According to the anatomical characteristics of supraorbital margin and superciliary arch, A 7 mm surgical incision at the lower edge of the bilateral eyebrow tail was designed. The space was dissected close to the surface of superciliary arch bone and the carved silicone implant in accordance with the shape of the space was implanted. The effective part of the silicone implant was the lower edge, with a thickness of 2-7 mm. The middle part of of the silicone implant was the uppermost, corresponding to the inner third of the eyebrow. Each side of the implant had a small hole to allow tissues to grow in. The silicone implant at the eyebrow tail was sutured and fixed to the periosteum, and the vaseline gauze was packaged and sutured for external fixation at the eyebrow head. Photographs were taken and analyzed preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and at 6-18 months follow-up after surgery. Postoperative satisfaction was scored by patients, surgeons and laypersons according to the Likert 5 scale. SPSS Statistics 21.0 was used for statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, and P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results:42 cases were followed up from 6 to 18 (9.0±3.2) months. 1case developed aseptic inflammation 6 months after surgery, and the implant was removed. Four cases were not satisfied with the facial contour and underwent revision surgery. 1 patient developed hematoma, which was absorbed 2 weeks after surgery. The other cases were all satisfied with the results, which were significantly improved compared with the preoperative profiles. The superciliary arch and the upper facial contour were more three-dimensionally defined and the face was more harmonious during the follow-up. All cases had normal expression. No capsular contracture, wound dehiscence and nerve injury occurred. The thickness of the implant (lower edge) was 2-7 mm[(4.53±0.77) mm]. Postoperative satisfaction score: the patient was 2.5-5.0 points, median 4.60(4.38, 4.85)points, doctors was 4.2-5.0 points, mean 4.85(4.70, 4.90)points, third-party was 3.7-5.0 points, median 4.80(4.66, 4.90)points. There was statistical difference in satisfaction rate among the three groups ( H=9.978, P=0.007). There was statistical difference in satisfaction between patients and surgeons ( H=9.978, P=0.009), patients and third-party ( H=9.978, P=0.049). There was no statistical significance in satisfaction between surgeons and third-party ( H=9.978, P=1.000). Conclusions:The superciliary arch augmentation can effectively reshape the facial contour, providing a more refined and three-dimensional face contour. Silicone implant can reliably enhance the superciliary arch and is the first choice for the superciliary arch augmentation. Full understanding of patients’ request, individualized surgery designare the keys to achieve satisfactory results of silicone implant superciliary arch augmentation.

OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily verify the effectiveness of self-designed artificial condyle-mandibular distraction (AC-MD) complex in the treatment of Pruzansky type ⅡB and Ⅲ hemifacial microsomia (HFM) through model test. METHODS: Five children with Pruzansky type ⅡB and Ⅲ HFM who were treated with mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) between December 2016 and December 2021 were selected as the subjects. There were 3 boys and 2 girls wih an average age of 8.4 years (range, 6-10 years). Virtual surgery and model test of AC-MD complex were performed according to preoperative skull CT of children. The model was obtained by three-dimensional (3D) printing according to the children's CT data at a ratio of 1∶1. The occlusal guide plate was designed and 3D printed according to the children's toothpaste model. The results of the model test and the virtual surgery were matched in three dimensions to calculate the error of the residual condyle on the affected side, and the model test was matched with the actual skull CT after MDO to measure and compare the inclination rotation of the mandible, the distance between the condylar of the healthy side and the residual condyle of the affected side, and the lengthening length of the mandible. RESULTS: The error of residual condyle was (1.07±0.78) mm. The inclination rotation of the mandible, the distance between the condylar of the healthy side and the residual condyle of the affected side, and the lengthening length of the mandible after 3D printing model test were significantly larger than those after MDO ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION In the model test, the implantation of AC-MD complex can immediately rotate the mandible to the horizontal position and improve facial symmetry, and the residual condyle segment can be guided close to the articular fossa or the preset pseudoarticular position of the skull base after operation.
Male ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Goldenhar Syndrome/surgery* ; Mandible/surgery* ; Osteogenesis, Distraction/methods* ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Facial Asymmetry/surgery*