This paper reports a study of three components of stature for a sample of 605 healthy children aged 8-15. Suprapelvic height, pelvic height, and subischeal height are obtained by calculation on the basis of standing height, sitting height, total lower limb length, ankle height and bi-iliac width. By statistical analysis, sexual dimorphism is revealed in both suprapelvic height and pelvic height. The increase in pelvic height is greater in girls than boys, and occurs before the appearance of secondary sexual charateristics. The relationships between suprapelvic height and idiopathic scoliosis, and between pelvic height and low back pain are discussed.

Objective To observe the dynamic level of platelet activation and to analyze the correlation between platelet activation and systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS)in patients with acute ischemie stroke. Methods　Mean platelet component concentration(MPC)and white blood count(WBC)were serially determined in patients with acute isehemic stroke,and other parameters including initial plasma fibrinogen(FIB)and adenosine diphosphate(ADP)aggregative rate were also determined.All parameters were compared between the SIRS group and the non-SIRS group.Correlation was analyzed between initial MPC and SIRS score,WBC,FIB and ADP aggregative rate. Results MPC level was declined slightly on the first day,and was followed by a relatively low MPC level from the second day to the forty-fifth day.The average level was fluctuated between 229 g/L and 242 g/L.There was no significant difference in initial FIB(t=1.835,P=0.07)between the SIRS group and the non-SIRS group,but the differences of other parameters had statistical significance(all P＜0.01).In the first three days,MPC level was negatively correlated with SIRS score(r=-0.392,-0.376,-0.341,t=3.484,3.405,3.125 respectively,all P＜0.01),but not correlated with WBC,FIB and ADP aggregative rate(P＞0.05). Conclusions　Platelets maintain an activated state during the entire course of ischemic stroke.The initial level of platelet activation.WBC count and ADP aggregative rate are higher in SIRS patients than in non-SIRS patients.The initial level of platelet activation suggests the severity of SIRS,and may be one of the independent risk factors for SIRS.

Objective To analyse the cause of constipation and evaluate the diagnostic value of colonic transit test and defecography for constipation diagnosis. Methods 110 cases with constipation were studied with colonic transit test and defecography. Results Abnormal colonic transit in 79 cases and defecography in 53 cases, overpassing the integrated analysis for the result of colonic transit test and defecography, the 40 cases were colonic inertia and 53 cases were function outlet obstruction. Conclusion The associated application of colonic transit test and defecography could be more accurate to differentiate constipations which are colonic inertia or function outlet obstruction and more specific the pathogeny of function outlet obstruction, to offer reliable foundation for the clinical cure.

Objective To investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) in pulmonary tissues of the smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods The subjects were assigned into three groups:non-smokers without COPD (control group,n =12),smokers without COPD (smoker group,n =13) and smokers with COPD (COPD group,n =16).The specimens were obtained from lung tissues as far away from cancer focus as possible (＞ 5cm).Real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the expression and distribution of MIF in pulmonary tissues.The relationship between the severity of airflow obstruction and the differential expressions of MIF in lung tissues of the smokers with or without COPD was analyzed.Results (1) MIF mRNA expression in COPD group (4.87 ± 1.79) was higher than that in the smoker group (2.16 ±0.72;P＜0.01),which was higher than that in the control group (1.09 ±0.48;P ＜0.01).(2)Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that MIF protein expression in lung tissues of the COPD group (0.277±0.025) was higher than that in the smokers group (0.199 ±0.034;P ＜0.01),which was significantly higher than that in control group (0.130 ±0.021 ;P ＜0.01).(3) Correlation analysis of MIF mRNA expression in the lung tissues and pulmonary function parameters of forced expired volume in one second (FEV1) percentage of predicted (FEV1 pred) and ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) suggested that MIF mRNA expression in the lung tissues was negatively related with FEV1 pred (r=-0.578,P ＜ 0.01) and FEV1/FVC (r =-0.607,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions MIF expression significantly increases in the smokers with COPD,and MIF level in the lung is positively correlated with airflow limitation.The results suggest that MIF may play an important role in the pathogenesis of smokinginduced COPD.

In order to investigate whether polymorphism in gene for heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has any bearing on individual susceptibility to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the geotypes of 88 patients with COPD and 87 healthy smoking control subjects were tested by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment polymorphism analysis for HSP70 gene. In COPD group, HSP70-1 genotype A/A, A/B and B/B was 59.1%, 35.2% and 5.7%, HSP70-2 genotype A/A, A/B and B/B was 26.1%, 54.6% and 19.3%, and HSP70-hom genotype A/A, A/B and B/B was 70.4%, 27.3% and 2.3% respectively. In the control group, it was 60.9%, 27.5% and 3.5%, 20.7%, 56.3% and 23.0%, and 54.0%, 42.5% and 3.5%, respectively. The frequency of polymorphic genetypes showed no difference between the COPD group and the control group (P>0.05). It was suggested that geneic polymorphism in HSP70 is not associated with development of COPD in Han nationality of China.
China/ethnology ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/*genetics ; *Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/*genetics ; Smoking

To investigate the effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in the proliferation of passively sensitized human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). After synchronization of cultured HASMCs, they were divided into a group A and Group B. The group A was treated with normal human serum and served as controls and the group B was treated with the serum of asthma patients. The group A was further divided into group of A1, A2 and A3 and the group B was sub-divided into the group of B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5. No other agents were added to the group A1 and B1. The cells of group A2 and B2 were stimulated with 5% CSE for 24 h. HASMCs from group A3 and B3 were treated with PKC agonist PMA (10 nmol/L) and CSE (5%) for 24 h. PKC inhibitor Ro-31-8220 (5 micromol/L) was added to the HASMCs of group B4 for 24 h. The cells from group B5 were stimulated with Ro-31-8220 (5 micromol/L) and CSE (5 %) for 24 h. The proliferation of HASMCs isolated from group A and B was examined by cell cycle analysis, MTT colorimetric assay and 3H-TdR incorporation test. The expression of PKC-a in each group was observed by Western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. The results showed that the percentage of S phase, absorbance (A) value, the rate of 3H-TdR incorporation, the ratios of A value of PKC-alpha mRNA and the A value of PKC-alpha protein in HASMCs from group B1, B2 and B3 were significantly increased compared to those of group A1, A2 and A3 correspondingly and respectively (P< 0.01). The proliferation of HASMCs of group A2 and B2 stimulated with CSE and group A3 and B3 stimulated with CSE and PMA were also significantly enhanced when group A1, A2 and A3 and group B1, B2 and B3 compared to each other (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively). The percentage of S phase, absorbency (A) value, 3H-TdR incorporation rate, the ratios of A value of PKC-alpha mRNA and the A value of PKC-alpha protein in HASMCs from group B4 treated with Ro-31-8220 and group B5 treated with CSE and Ro-31-8220 were significantly decreased as compared to those of group B1 and B2 correspondingly and respectively (P<0.05, P<0.01). It was concluded that CSE can enhance the passively sensitized HASMC proliferation and the expression of PKC alpha. PKC and its alpha subtype may contribute to this process. Our results suggest cigarette may play an important role in ASMCs proliferation of asthma through PKC signal pathway.
Asthma/*blood ; Bronchi/cytology ; Bronchi/metabolism ; Cell Cycle/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/*cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology ; Protein Kinase C/biosynthesis ; Protein Kinase C/*physiology ; Serum ; Signal Transduction ; Tobacco/adverse effects ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/*adverse effects

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of minimally invasive surgery combined with sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for early gastric cancer (EGC).Methods The clinical data of 39 EGC patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy from December 2008 to January 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.Results 36 SLN negative EGC patients received endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and 3 SLN positive EGC patients underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with D2 dissection.The mean number of SLN was (2.8 ± 1.0).The SLN detection rate and accuracy of determination of lymph node (LN) status were both 100％.The rate of LN metastasis in patients with EGC was 8％ with no false negative rate.In ESD group, local recurrence and liver metastasis developed in one each cases.Meanwhile 1 patient in laparoscopic group sufferd postoperative liver and lung metastasis.Total disease free survival was 95％.Conclusions Minimally invasive surgery combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy for EGC is both safe and feasible.

Objective To investigate the functional polarization of T cells in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).Methods Forty five cases of OSAHS children were chosen to undergo tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.Preoperative analyses of peripheral blood Th1 /Th2 ratio and Tc1 /Tc2 ratio were compared with those of normal children and those of postoperative 6 months for observation of the change of T cells.Th1/Th2 ratio and Tc1/Tc2 ratio were detected by flow cytometry.Results The preoperative ratio of Th1 cells in children with OSAHS was significantly lower than normal children [(9.66 ± 3.73) ％ vs (13.34 ± 4.36) ％,P ＜ 0.05],while the preoperative ratio of Th2 cells was significantly higher than normal children [(3.42 ± 1.64) ％ vs (2.53 ± 1.97) ％,P ＜ 0.05],which made the Thl/Th2 ratio lower than normal children (3.51 ± 1.53 vs 5.41 ±2.17,P ＜0.05).At the 6th month after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy,the postoperative ratio of Th1 cells was significantly higher than preoperative ratio [(12.99 ± 3.68) ％ vs (9.66 ± 3.73) ％,P ＜ 0.05],while the postoperative ratio of Th2 cells was lower than preoperative ratio [(2.62 ± 1.88) ％ vs (3.42 ± 1.64) ％,P ＜ 0.05],which made the postoperative Th1 /Th2 ratio higher than preoperative ratio (5.15 ± 1.86 vs 3.51 ± 1.53,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in Tc1 /Tc2 ratio between the OSAHS children and normal children.Conclusions Functional polarization of T cells was abnormal in OSAHS children accompanied by the predomination of Th2 cells and the normal Tc cell polarization.Functional polarization of T cells can return to normal at the 6th month after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

AIM: To investigate the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B) inhibitor in the responsiveness of isolated pulmonary artery rings to protein kinase C (PKC) in rats with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. METHODS: The pulmonary artery rings removed endothelium were prepared from model rats with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension and control rats. The effects of PKC activator PMA (0.5 ?mol/L) time-response cures and NF-?B inhibitor PDTC (0- 1 000 ?mol/L) concentration-response cures on pulmonary artery rings were observed. The responsiveness of each ring was tested by applying a maximally effective concentration of phenylephrine (10 ?mol/L). Data were calculated as relative ratio by the maximally responseness ( P_0 ) setting at 100%,and the relative responseness tensions to PMA and PDTC were derived by dividing by the counts in P_0. t_ 1/2 and T show the time achieving half-maximal response and lasting maxima response to 0.5 ?mol/L PMA,respectively. RESULTS: mPAP and RV/(LV+S) in hypoxia group were greater than those in control group ( P

Objective To investigate the value of the three-dimensional high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging curve planar reformation(CPR)combined with virtual endoscopy reconstruction in vascular compression of trigeminal neuralgia.Methods 65 pa-tients with trigeminal neuralgia performed three-dimensional MR doubly excited balanced steady-state free precession sequence (3D-FIESTA-C),and CPR combined with virtual endoscopy reconstruction was used to evaluate the relationship of neurovascular anato-my.And 60 cases with microvascular decompression (MVD)surgery were analyzed.Results 65 cases of 3D-FIESTA-C CPR com-bined with MRVE showed responsibility vascular with a positive rate of 92.3% (60/65).60 cases of all patients with the results of surgery showed responsibility blood vessels and oppression parts with 3D-FIESTA-C CPR combined with MRVE,and it was found that the findings of oppression had a good consistency with MVD with the diagnose accordance rate of 95% (57/60).Conclusion Three-dimensional high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging CPR combined with virtual endoscopy reconstruction can be a new method to clearly and accurately show the anatomical relationship between blood vessels and nerves,which helps to improve the posi-tive rate of detection and to give operative guidance.