Purpose To investigate clinicopathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of non-sebaceous lymphadenoma of the parotid gland. Methods The histopathological morphology, immunohistochemical profiles and clinicopathological features were an-alyzed in two cases of NSL, along with review the related literatures. Results Two patients were female adults. Microscopically, The tumor was a well-circumscribed mass surrounded by a fibrous capsule of variable thickness and comprised a mixture of proliferating epi-thelium accompanied by a prominent lymphoid component, reactive lymphoid follicles were found in lymphoid stroma. The epithelial component took the form of anastomosing trabeculae, glands, solid basaloid islands or cyst formation. The cysts and glands were lined with luminal cells and abluminal cells, filled with eosinophilic secretions with occasional histiocytes. The epithelial cell was no seba-ceous differentiation, significant cytological atypia and mitotic activity. A fibrous capsule with subcapsular sinus was seen around the mass in one case. Immunohistochemically, the abluminal cells were positive for p63, CK34βE12 and CK5/6, while the epithelial cells were positive for CK(AE1/AE3) and CK7. Conclusion NSL is a very rare benign of salivary gland, which occuring in the lymph node lesions are less reported, knowledge of the wide histological spectrum of this rare tumor is important in order to avoid misdiagno-sis, particularly as malignant tumor.

The present paper aims to investigate whether or not vasculogenic mimicry (VM) exists in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and to elucidate its relationship to microvessel density (MVD), galectin-3 (Gal-3) expression, and clinicopathological factors of patients with LSCC. VM, score of MVD and expression of Gal-3 protein were detected by immunohistochemistry and histochemistry in 83 specimens of LSCC tissue and 20 specimens of normal laryngeal tissue. The positive rate of VM in normal laryngeal tissues was 0%, and was 33.7% in LSCC tissues. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0. 01). VM or MVD was significantly related to differentiation, pTNM stages and lymph node metastasis of LSCC (P<0.05), but not to age, gender and tumor site (P>0. 05). And there was a positive correlation between every two of VM, score of MVD, and Gal-3 protein (P< 0. 05). The results suggest that expression of Gal-3 protein may be related to the initiation, angiogenesis and VM formation in LSCC; And VM, angiogenesis and Gal-3 protein may be involved in the development, invasion and metastasis of LSCC.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; blood supply ; Galectin 3 ; metabolism ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; blood supply ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; blood supply ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Prognosis

AIM:To elucidate the correlation between the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1)/ATP-binding cassette subfaminly G member 2 ( ABCG2 ) and microvessel density ( MVD ) in epithelial ovarian cancer ( EOC) .METHODS:In 198 specimens of EOC and 60 specimens of ovarian benign epithelial tumor tissues , the protein expression of ALDH1/ABCG2 and CD105 ( microvessel marker ) was detected by immunohistochemical staining .RE-SULTS:The positive rates of ALDH1 and ABCG2 in the EOC were 64.1%and 61.6%, respectively , while the positive rates in benign epithelial tumor tissues were 8.3%and 6.7%, respectively , and there were significant differences between them (P<0.05).In EOC and benign epithelial tumor tissues , the MVD were 22.6 ±9.7 and 5.03 ±3.35, respectively, and the difference was also significant (P<0.05).The expression of ALDH1 and ABCG2 in EOC was significantly related to differentiation, FIGO stage,and abdominal organ and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05).MVD had correlation with dif-ferentiation, FIGO stage, ascite, and abdominal organ and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05).MVD had positive correla-tion with the expression of ALDH1 and ABCG2 (P<0.01).There was also a positive correlation between the expression of ALDH1 and ABCG2 ( P<0.01) .Over-expression of ALDH1/ABCG2 and MVD≥23 were related to the poor prognosis . The survival rates in ALDH1/ABCG2 positive and MVD≥23 groups were significantly lower than those in ALDH 1/ABCG2 negative and MVD<23 groups (P<0.05).The FIGO stage, the expression of ALDH1/ABCG2 and MVD were indepen-dent prognosis factors of EOC ( P<0.05 ) .CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the expression of ALDH 1/ABCG2 and MVD in EOC are related to differentiation , lymph node metastasis , clinical stage and prognosis .Combined detection of these indexes may play an important role in predicting the progression and prognosis of EOC .

Purpose To investigate the expression of Wnt-1 and β-catenin protein in cervical squamous cell carcinomas ( CSCC) and their relationship with invasion and lymph node metastasis. Methods Expression of Wnt-1 and β-catenin protein were examined on immunohistochemistry containing 78 specimens of CSCC and 30 specimens of normal cervical tissues. Results The positive rates of Wnt-1 and β-catenin protein in normal cervical tissues were 20.0% and 10.0% respectively. The positive rates of Wnt-1 andβ-cate-nin protein in CSCC were 56.4%, and 74.4% respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.001). The positive rates of Wnt-1 andβ-catenin protein in 33 cases with lymph node metastasis of CSCC were 72.7% and 90.9% respective-ly. The positive rates of Wnt-1 andβ-catenin protein in 45 cases with no lymph node metastasis of CSCC were 44.4% and 62.2% re-spectively. The expression of Wnt-1 andβ-catenin protein was significantly related with grades of tumors and depth of invasion and FI-GO stages (P<0.05), and there was no significantly difference between the expression of Wnt-1 andβ-catenin protein and CSCC pa-tients age (P>0.05). Spearman analysis showed that the expression of Wnt-1 protein was positive related to the expression ofβ-cate-nin protein (rs =0.490, P<0.001). Conclusion The abnormal expression of Wnt-1 and β-catenin may be involved in initiation, development, invasion, and metastasis of CSCC, and it is suggested that Wnt-1 and β-catenin be considered as potential markers for invasion, metastasis, and prognosis.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma. Methods: The clinical manifestations and the microscopic and immunohistochemical characteristics of six patients with gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma were analyzed with a follow-up period. Related literature was reviewed. Results:Immunohistochemical markers of gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma with spindle cell morphology were epithelial and mesenchymal positivity. Conclusion: Gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma could be firmly diagnosed by microscopic morphology and immunohistochemistry. Radical resection is currently used to treat such patients. However, more cases with longer follow-up period are needed to discover better treatments and improve the survival of these patients.

Purpose To detect the expression of autophagic genes Beclin 1 and MAP1LC3 in cutaneous malignant melanoma and to ex-plore the relationship between autophagia and malignant melanoma. Methods 85 cases of speicmens including normal skin tissue, in-tradermal nevi, radial growth phase melanomas, vertical growth phase melanomas, and metastatic melanoma were collected, and the protein expression of Beclin 1 and MAP1LC3 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry of SP methods. Results The Beclin 1 and MAP1LC3 expression were pretended to be 100% in normal skin tissue, and they were declined to 85% and 95% in intradermal nevi, 58% and 50% in radial growth phase melanomas, 49. 5% and 44. 4% in vertical growth phase melanomas, both of 17% in melanoma metastases (P<0. 05). Conclusion Beclin 1 and MAP1LC3 autophagic gene expression were significantly decreased with tumor pro-gression, as well as was correlated with conventional histopathologic prognostic factors.

Maspin belongs to the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) family and has been proven to be a suppressor of tumor growth and metastasis in many types of tumors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of maspin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its relationship to vasculogenic mimicry (VM). A total of 160 specimens of NSCLC were involved in this study and 20 specimens of normal lung tissue served as controls. VM, microvessel density (MVD) and the expression of maspin were detected by using immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that the positive rates of maspin and VM in the NSCLC group were 48.1% (77/160) and 36.9% (59/160), respectively, which were significantly different from those in the control group with the positive rates of maspin and VM being 100% and 0% respectively (P<0.05). VM, MVD and the expression level of maspin were significantly related to tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, clinical stages and postoperative survival time (all P<0.05). The maspin expression in patients with squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in those with adenocarcinoma (P<0.05). The maspin expression was negatively correlated with VM and MVD, and there was a positive correlation between VM and MVD. Maspin-negative expression, VM and high MVD score were negatively related to the 5-year-survival rate. PTNM stages, VM, MVD and maspin expression were independent prognostic factors for NSCLC (P<0.05). It was suggested that the loss of expression of maspin may participate in the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC and it has a positive relationship to VM in NSCLC. Combined detection of maspin, VM and MVD may help predict the progression and prognosis of NSCLC.

Objective To study and summary the treatment of talus fracture. Methods Fifteen patients with talus fracture were treated by limited cut off reduction by leverage and hollow lag screw under C arm X-Ray machine January 2008 to November 2014, of whom there were 11 males and 4 females, aged 15-61 years old. Seven patients sufferred from talus fracture because of traffic accidents, 4 patients because of falls, 2 patients because of crush injury, and 2 patients because of sprains. Hawkins typing:Ⅰtype in 1 patient, Ⅱ type in 6 patients, Ⅲ type in 6 patients of Ⅲ type, and Ⅳ type in 2 patients. Results Followed up for 6 months to 4 years (mean 1.5 years), fracture healed better. Hawkins grading standard:9 patients showed excellent (1 patient ofⅠtype, 5 patients ofⅡtype, 3 patients ofⅢtype), and two patients showed good (Ⅲtype). The excellent and good rate was 11/15. Necrosis of talus occurred in one patient, and degenerative joint disease occured in one patient. Conclusions Minimally invasive internal fixation with hollow lag screw under C arm X-Ray machine in the treatment of talus fracture has a small injury to the periosteum and the blood supply of small soft tissue. It can fix reliably and can pressurize the fracture fragments, and is conducive to fracture healing.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) exist in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explore the relationship among the expressions of CD133, Notch1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and their relations with the clinicopathological parameters of the patients.

METHODSA total of 305 specimens of NSCLC and 80 normal lung tissue specimens were analyzed for CD133, Notch1, and VEGF protein expressions by immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSIn NSCLC specimens, the positivity rates of CD133, Notch1, and VEGF were 48.9%, 43.9%, and 45.6%, respectively, significantly higher than those in normal lung tissues (10.0%, 15.0%, and 0%, respectively, P<0.01). The expression levels of CD133, Notch1, and VEGF proteins were significantly correlated with the tumor grades, lymph node metastasis, TNM stages, and postoperative survival time of the patients (P<0.01). A positive correlation was found among the expression levels of CD133, Notch1, and VEGF proteins. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a significantly lower overall mean survival time of the patients positive for CD133, Notch1, and VEGF than that of the negative patients (P<0.001). Cox regression analysis suggested that positive expressions of CD133 and Notch1 were independent prognostic factors of NSCLC (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCD133, Notch1, and VEGF may play important roles in the occurrence, progression, invasion, and metastasis of NSCLC. CD133 and Notch1 have important values for predicting the prognosis and evaluating disease progression of the patients.

AC133 Antigen ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lung ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Peptides ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Receptor, Notch1 ; metabolism ; Regression Analysis ; Survival Rate ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expressions of WWOX and CD133 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and their relationship with the clinicopathologic characteristics of CRC.

METHODSThe expressions of WWOX and CD133 proteins were examined by immunohistochemistry in 174 specimens of CRC tissues and 80 normal colorectal mucosa tissues.

RESULTSThe positivity rates of WWOX and CD133 proteins were 41.4% and 53.4% in CRC tissues, respectively, significantly different from the rates in normal colorectal mucosa tissues (87.5% and 5.0%, respectively; P<0.05). WWOX and CD133 protein expressions were signi- ficantly correlated with the histological grades of the tumors, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and Duke's stages (P<0.05). Spearman analysis showed a negative relationship between the WWOX expression and CD133 expression (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the overall survival time of CRC patients with a positive expression of WWOX was longer than that of patients with a negative expression of WWOX; the overall survival time of patients with a positive expression of CD133 was shorter than that of the negative patients (P<0.05). COX regression analysis identified positive expressions of WWOX and CD133 protein and Duke's stage as the independent prognostic factors of CRC.

CONCLUSIONAbnormal expressions of WWOX and CD133 might be involved in the initiation, development, invasion, and metastasis of CRC. A combined detection of WWOX and CD133 can help in predicting the progression and prognosis of CRC.

AC133 Antigen ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Disease Progression ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Oxidoreductases ; metabolism ; Peptides ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism ; WW Domain-Containing Oxidoreductase