ObjectiveTo study the effects of dexamethasone local injection as an adjunctive therapy for Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). Methods60 HT cases were equally divided into 2 groups at random. The patients in the control group were given euthyrpx while the patients in the treated group were injected dexamethasone in addition to the medicine used in the control group. The thyroid characters such as thickness, lymphocytic infiltration and changes of thyroid follicle were observed. The patients were followed up before treatment and 4, 12, 24weeks and 1 year after treatment. ResultsIn the treatment group, all thyroid glands turned significantly softer,and the mass became smaller compared with that in the control group. The pathology of thyroids indicated that lymphocytic infiltration decreased, local immune reaction was ameliorated, and no obvious hormone side effects were observed. ConclusionLocal use of dexamethasone can modify the structure and function of thyroid.

Objective:To analyze the effect of interleukin 2(IL-2) on immunoglobulin G(IgG) expression in cervical cancer cell line HeLaS3.Methods:By immunofluorescence-flow cytometry(FCM),we detected membrane and cytoplasmic IgG expression variation of HeLaS3 after IL-2 stimulation.By western blot,we detected IgG expression variation of HeLaS3 after IL-2 stimulation.Meanwhile,by RT-PCR with primers designed to amplify four subclasses of IgG,we detected ? transcript variation in HeLaS3 after IL-2 stimulation at mRNA level.Results:The result of immunofluorescence-FACS showed that after IL-2 stimulation for 48 hours,membrane and cytoplasmic IgG expression elevated in HeLaS3.The result of Western blot showed after IL-2 stimulation for 48 hours,IgG expression elevated in HeLaS3.Meanwhile,the result of RT-PCR showed that ?1 transcript mildly elevated after IL-2 stimulation for 48 hours.Conclusion:IL-2 can promote IgG expression in cervical cancer cell line HeLaS3.

Objective To verify and valuate the performance of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) detection by the direct clearance method and evaluate its preliminary clinical application in acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods Case control study:The performance (accuracy,precision,linearity) of sdLDL-C was assessed by direct clearance method.In 143 cases of ACS patients selected from Cardiology Department and Emergency Department of Shangdong Provincial Hospital from April to October in 2016,with 100 cases male,female 43 cases,including acute myocardial infarction (AMI)group of 59 cases,unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group of 84 cases;83 cases of healthy volunteers as a control group selected from health physical examination center of Shandong Provincial Hospital,with 59cases male,female 24 cases.Levels of sdLDL-C,total cholesterol (TCH),triglyceride (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),apolipoprotein A (ApoA I),apolipoprotein B (ApoB),lipoprotein (a) (Lpa) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) were detected separately by automatic biochemical analyzer.Non high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) equals TCH minus HDL-C.x2 test,t test,one-way ANOVA,Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were used as statistical methods.Results The within-lot or between-lot variation was 2.85％ and 3.36％.Methodological comparison:regression equation Y =0.984X + 0.018,r2 =0.966,t =-0.191,P =0.850.There was a good linear correlation (Y =1.026X + 0.007,r2 =0.999) between theoretical values and actual detection results in range of 0.15-2.65 mmol/L.SdLDL-C concentrations were positive correlated with TCH,non-HDL,LDL-C,TG,ApoB (r =0.758,0.848,0.839,0.514,0.885,respectively,P ＜0.01),and negative correlated with HDL-C (r =-0.224,P =0.001),but no correlation with APOA I,Lpa and Hs-CRP(r =-0.021,0.050,0.003,respectively,P ＞ 0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing sdLDL-C level were HDL-C,ApoB,LDL-C and TG.The levels of sdLDL-C,TG in the ACS group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t =3.415,4.660,respectively,P ＜ 0.01),but no difference between the two groups in the levels of TCH,non-HDL-C and LDL-C (t=-1.831,-0.452,-1.398,respectively,P ＞0.05).Comparing AMI group with control group,sdLDL-C,TG and Hs-CRP were significantly higher than the control group (P =0.000,0.000,0.000,respectively),but TCH,LDL-C and non-HDL were similar between the two groups (P =0.800,0.320,0.120,respectively);Comparing UAP group with control group,TG and Hs-CRP were higher than control group (P =0.001,0.047,respectively),TCH and LDL-C were significantly lower than the control group (P =0.003,0.008,respectively),but sdLDL-C had no difference (P =0.305);Comparing AMI group with UAP group,sdLDL-C,TCH,LDL-C and Hs-CRP were significantly higher than UAP group (P =0.000,0.003,0.001,0.000,respectively),and TG were no statistical significance (P =0.473).Conclusions Direct clearance method can meet the requirement of sdLDL-C detection.sdLDL-C level can assess the metabolism of blood lipids and be used as an independent risk factor and predictive index of ACS,superior to LDL-C.

This article summarizes the progress and specifications of FDA regarding intravascular catheters, and hope this would be helpful to people concerned.
Catheterization, Central Venous ; standards ; Catheters, Indwelling ; standards ; United States ; United States Food and Drug Administration

Objective:To investigate the recent epidemic trends and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of gonorrhea in China, and to provide a reference for precise prevention and control of gonorrhea.Methods:Data on reported cases of gonorrhea in China (not including Hongkong, Macau and Taiwan regions of China) were collected from the Infectious Diseases Surveillance System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2018 to 2023. The trends in reported incidence rates of gonorrhea in China were analyzed using the Joinpoint regression model. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis with the Moran's index and global G-statistic, as well as local spatial autocorrelation analysis, were employed to explore the clustering patterns and hotspot regions of gonorrhea at the county level. In the spatiotemporal scanning analysis, a Poisson distribution model was employed to identify clusters of gonorrhea cases.Results:The reported incidence rates of gonorrhea in China decreased from 9.59 per 100 000 in 2018 to 7.35 per 100 000 in 2023, with an average annual percent change of -4.9%, but this decreasing trend was not statistically significant ( P = 0.11). The reported incidence rates of gonorrhea at the county level in China exhibited a significant positive global spatial autocorrelation, with the global Moran's indices ranging from 0.39 to 0.60 (all P < 0.001) ; the Getis-Ord general G test statistic Z (G) values were all greater than 1.96, indicating a high-value clustering pattern of gonorrhea cases. The local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that hotspot regions were predominantly distributed in southeastern coastal areas and southwestern China. A total of 70 clusters were identified through the spatiotemporal scanning analysis, and mainly located in southeastern coastal areas and southwestern China. Conclusions:In recent 6 years, the overall reported incidence rates of gonorrhea in China showed a fluctuating decline; there was a significant spatiotemporal clustering characteristic with regard to gonorrhea epidemic at the county level in China, and the hotspot regions were basically consistent with the spatiotemporal clusters, which were mainly distributed in southeastern coastal areas and southwestern China. Further investigation into the causes and precise prevention and control measures are needed.

Objective To detect the change of the anti-S. japonicum antibody level after people migrated from outside embankment to newly established town. Methods Three pilot spots were established for the investigation: one spot thut both inhabitancy and cultivation disused (A), one spot that only inhabitancy disused but farming continued (B) and the third one served as control (C). DIGFA and ELISA were used to detect the antibody level in the populations from 2002 to 2005. Results The positive rate of anti-S.japonkum antibody declined significantly from 6.63% to 3.52% by DIGFA and from 7.26% to 3.71% by ELISA at spot A (X2=5.2625, P

According to the pathological characteristics of symptomatic chronic thoracic and lumbar osteoporotic vertebral fracture (SCOVF), the different clinical treatment methods are selected, including vertebral augmentation, anterior-posterior fixation and fusion, posterior decompression fixation and fusion, and posterior correction osteotomy. However, there is still a lack of a unified understanding on how to choose appropriate treatment method for SCOVF. In order to reflect the new treatment concept and the evidence-based medicine progress of SCOVF in a timely manner and standardize its treatment, the clinical guideline for surgical treatment of SCOVF is formulated in compliance with the principle of scientificity, practicability and advancement and based on the level of evidence-based medicine.

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) can lead to lower back pain and may be even accompanied by scoliosis, neurological dysfunction and other complications, which will affect the daily activities and life quality of patients. Vertebral augmentation is an effective treatment method for OVCF, but it cannot correct unbalance of bone metabolism or improve the osteoporotic status, causing complications like lower back pain, limited spinal activities and vertebral refracture. The post-operative systematic and standardized rehabilitation treatments can improve curative effect and therapeutic efficacy of anti-osteoporosis, reduce risk of vertebral refracture, increase patient compliance and improve quality of life. Since there still lack relevant clinical treatment guidelines for postoperative rehabilitation treatments following vertebral augmentation for OVCF, the current treatments are varied with uneven therapeutic effect. In order to standardize the postoperative rehabilitation treatment, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized relevant experts to refer to relevant literature and develop the "Guideline for postoperative rehabilitation treatment following vertebral augmentation for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (2022 version)" based on the clinical guidelines published by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) as well as on the principles of scientificity, practicality and advancement. The guideline provided evidence-based recommendations on 10 important issues related to postoperative rehabilitation treatments of OVCF.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with spinal fractures with thoracic and lumbar fracture as the most common type shows characteristics of unstable fracture, high incidence of nerve injury, high mortality and high disability rate. The diagnosis may be missed because it is mostly caused by low-energy injury, when spinal rigidity and osteoporosis have a great impact on the accuracy of imaging examination. At the same time, the treatment choices are controversial, with no relevant specifications. Non-operative treatments can easily lead to bone nonunion, pseudoarthrosis and delayed nerve injury, while surgeries may be failed due to internal fixation failure. At present, there are no evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with thoracic and lumbar fracture. In this context, the Spinal Trauma Academic Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of adult ankylosing spondylitis combined with thoracolumbar fracture ( version 2023) by following the principles of evidence-based medicine and systematically review related literatures. Ten recommendations on the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, classification and treatment of AS combined with thoracic and lumbar fracture were put forward, aiming to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of such disorder.