Objective To investigate and analyze the structure change of professional title and educa-tion background of nursing human resourse in Liaoning province in recent 3 years and raise up suggestions which suit for the structure and development of human resource of current nursing model. Methods Investi-gation scales for nursing human resource in Liaoning province were sent out to 85 hospitals in Liaoning province.SPSS 12.0 software was used to carry out statisdcal discription for these data. Results The main professional fide was primary. The main education background was junior college and technical secondary school in third-class hospitals and technical secondary school in second-class and first-class hospitals. Conclusions The professional title and education background of nursing human resourse in Liaoning province was not reasonable with imbalanced structure in various level of hespitals.The countermeasures included reform of nursing education, reasonable allocation and effective utilization of current nursing human resource and sys-tematization of continuing education.

Objective To discuss the application effect of real time ratio of patients and nurses in nursing human resource dynamic management.Methods Our hospital made full use of the information platform,inquiring the real time ratio of patients and nurses,in combination with mobile nurse library,implement dynamic vertical management of nursing human resources on the level of the hospital-wide nursing management.The overall manpower cost remained the same through internal reasonable adjustment to achieve the best configuration of human resources and met the clinical needs effectively.Results The running effect was satisfactory from July 2012 till now.All the mobile nurses allocated were 71 person-times and the satisfaction degree of patients increased to 97.96％ in the first half of 2013.Conclusions Application of real time ratio of patients and nurses shows good effect,which is worthy of wide application.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of application of hospital information system in bedsore nursing process analysis.Methods To combine process management and continuous quality improvement organically,establish a complete set of the pressure ulcer management monitoring process,which was completed,networking,continuous for improvement and this process was used for the implementation of high-risk bedsore warning screening and bedsore informing,hospitalized patients with pressure ulcers online report system and level 3 monitoring system,bedsore nursing consultation system and pressure ulcer nursing intervention.Results The application of informatization in the pressure ulcer management process could effectively reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers,prompt bedsore nursing management level to be more standardized,scientific,and modernization.At the same time,it improved the patients' satisfaction degree with nursing work,meanwhile it let managers found that carrying out of pressure sores extended nursing service was imperative.Conclusions Application of hospital information system in bedsore nursing process analysis is satisfying,which is worthy of further development.

To study corneal lymphangiogenesis after corneal transplantation, corneal allogenic transplantation models were established in rats. 8 female Wister rats were used as donors, and 16 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used as recipients and 2 SD served as controls. Corneal lymphangiogenesis and hemangiogenesis was examined by electron microscopy 1 and 2 weeks after corneal penetrating transplantation, and the expression of lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor (LYVE-1) was examined 1, 3, 7, 14 days after the transplantation respectively. In addition, 19 allograft failed human corneas were examined by 5'-nase-alkaline phosphatase (5'-NA-ALP) double-enzyme-histochemistry staining to detect corneal lymphangiogenesis and hemangiogenesis. By immunohistochemistry for LYVE-1, it was found that blown lymphatics were localized in the stroma 3 days after the corneal transplantation. With electron microscopy, new lymphatic vessels and blood vessels were found 1 and 2 weeks after the corneal transplantation. By 5'-NA-ALP enzyme-histochemistry, corneal hemangiogenesis was found in all allograft failed human corneas and 5 of 19 (26.3 %) cases had developed corneal lymphangiogenesis. It is concluded that corneal lymphangiogenesis is present after corneal transplantation, which may play an important role in allograft rejection.
Cornea/*blood supply ; Cornea/chemistry ; Cornea/ultrastructure ; Corneal Neovascularization/etiology ; Corneal Neovascularization/metabolism ; Corneal Transplantation/adverse effects ; Corneal Transplantation/*methods ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphangiogenesis ; Microscopy, Electron ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Vesicular Transport Proteins/biosynthesis

Objective To investigate the quality of life of nurses group in Shenzhen city and explore its influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for health policy making health promotion and science research. Methods Self-designed questionnaires were used in social demography survey and SF-36 was adopted to survey 495 in-service nurses on front line from four hospitals in Shenzhen. Paired samples t Test and multivariable stepwise regression were carried out to analyze the quality of life among nurses in Shenzhen city and general population in China. Results The data showed the scores of the physiological domain, psychological domain and quality of life nurses in Shenzhen city and Chinese general population was (68.60±17.61), (69.91±17.91), (67.29±20.29)and (78.18± 15.88), (79.36±17.00), (77.00± 17.42), respectively. The difference had statistical significance. Multivariable stepwise regression showed that quality of life was positively correlated with APN scheduling, education, department, monthly income, working range, age and the hospital level in descending sort Conclusions Health authorities, hospital leaders and nurses-selves should pay more attention to the quality of life for nurses group and take positive mea-sures to improve quality of life of nurses group.

To study corneal lymphangiogenesis after corneal transplantation, corneal allogenic transplantation models were established in rats. 8 female Wister rats were used as donors, and 16 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used as recipients and 2 SD served as controls. Corneal lymphangiogenesis and hemangiogenesis was examined by electron microscopy 1 and 2 weeks after corneal penetrating transplantation, and the expression of lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor (LYVE-1) was examined 1, 3, 7, 14 days after the transplantation respectively. In addition, 19 allograft failed human corneas were examined by 5'-nase-alkaline phosphatase (5'-NA-ALP) doubleenzyme-histochemistry staining to detect corneal lymphangiogenesis and hemangiogenesis. By immunohistochemistry for LYVE-1, it was found that blown lymphatics were localized in the stroma 3days after the corneal transplantation. With electron microscopy, new lymphatic vessels and blood vessels were found 1 and 2 weeks after the corneal transplantation. By 5'-NA-ALP enzyme-histochemistry, corneal hemangiogenesis was found in all allograft failed huma n corneas and 5 of 19(26.3%) cases had developed corneal lymphangiogenesis. It is concluded that corneal lymphangiogenesis is present after corneal transplantation, which may play an important role in allograft rejection.

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of small hairpin loop RNA (shRNA) silencing hypoxia-induced factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) gene on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells under hypoxic condition. Two target sites of HIF-1alpha mRNA were chosen and two kinds of shRNA were designed and synthesized against the target sites. Then the two kinds of shRNA were transfected into human RPE cells in vitro, respectively. These cells were cultured under hypoxic condition that was simulated by using 150 mumol/L CoCl(2). The mRNA expressions of HIF-1alpha, VEGF and PEDF were tested by semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). The protein levels of HIF-1alpha, VEGF and PEDF were analyzed by Western blotting. After the two kinds of HIF-1alpha-specific shRNA were transfected into RPE cells respectively, the expression of HIF-1alpha mRNA and the levels of HIF-1alpha protein were decreased significantly in RPE cells under hypoxic condition. The expression of VEGF mRNA and the levels of protein significantly were also decreased. However, the levels of PEDF protein was significantly increased, but the expression of PEDF mRNA showed no significant changes. In conclusion, HIF-1alpha-specific shRNA can effectively silence the HIF-1alpha gene, and consequently down-regulate VEGF and up-regulate PEDF expression against hypoxia. These results reveal that HIF-1 is associated with posttranslational mechanism for down-regulating PEDF under hypoxia and provide an explanation for hypoxia-provoked increases in VEGF/PEDF ratios. These results also suggest that HIF-1 is one of the key cytokines to retinal neovascularization.

In order to explore the effect of high glucose concentration and high glucose concentration with hypoxia on the production of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), human RPE cells were cultured in 5.56 mmol/L glucose (control group), 5.56 mmol/L glucose with 150 micro mol/L CoCl2 (hypoxic group), 25 mmol/L glucose (high glucose group) and 25 mmol/L glucose with 150 micro mol/L CoCl2 (combination group). RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of HIF-1alpha and VEGF mRNAs. Western blot analysis was used to measure the levels of HIF-1alpha and VEGF proteins. Although the small amount of HIF-1alpha protein was able to be detected in high glucose group but not in control group, there was no significant difference between the expression of HIF-1alpha mRNA of RPE cells in high glucose group and that of RPE cells in control group. As compared with RPE cells in control group, the mRNA expression and the protein synthesis of VEGF in high glucose group were up-regulated. As compared with RPE cells in hypoxic group, the expression of HIF-1alpha mRNA of RPE cells in combination group was not different, but the protein synthesis of HIF-1alpha, the mRNA expression and the protein synthesis of VEGF were more obviously up-regulated. In conclusion, high concentration glucose mainly influence the protein synthesis of HIF-1alpha of RPE cell, and HIF-1alpha protein is able to be accumulated in high concentration glucose. Under hypoxia, the HIF-1alpha protein induced by high concentration glucose is more stable, and the expression of VEGF is obviously increased. It is suggested that high concentration glucose may play a role in retinal neovascularization, especially at ischemia stage of diabetic retinopathy.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI)has been classified as mild,moderate,or severe,on the basis of the Glasgow coma scale (GCS)score.Mild TBI is estimated to account for 90% of all cases of TBI, and it has become a serious public health problem,with morbidity increasing year by year.At present,there is a lack of accepted uniform definition of mild TBI.Clinically,mild TBI and concussion are interchangeable terms.In recent years,advances in brain imaging,biomarkers determination,and neuropathology have encouraged people to revise and update their knowledge about mild TBI.In view of the high prevalence of mild TBI in the emergency and community,and the absence of the data concerning the long-term effects of mild TBI, further research is needed about how to reduce morbidity and costs, alleviate delayed consequences,and develop evidence-based interventions to improve outcomes.

In order to explore the effect of high glucose concentration and high glucose concentration with hypoxia on the production of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), human RPE cells were cultured in 5.56 mmol/L glucose (control group), 5.56 mmol/L glucose with 150 μ mol/L CoCl2 (hypoxic group), 25 mmol/L glucose (high glucose group)and 25 mmol/L glucose with 150 μ mol/L CoCl2 (combination group). RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF mRNAs. Western blot analysis was used to measure the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF proteins. Although the small amount of HIF-1α protein was able to be detected in high glucose group but not in control group, there was no significant difference between the expression of HIF-1α mRNA of RPE cells in high glucose group and that of RPE cells in control group.As compared with RPE cells in control group, the mRNA expression and the protein synthesis of VEGF in high glucose group were up-regulated. As compared with RPE cells in hypoxic group, the expression of HIF-1α mRNA of RPE cells in combination group was not different, but the protein synthesis of HIF-1 α, the mRNA expression and the protein synthesis of VEGF were more obviously up-regulated. In conclusion, high concentration glucose mainly influence the protein synthesis of HIF-1α of RPE cell, and HIF-1α protein is able to be accumulated in high concentration glucose.Under hypoxia, the HIF-1α protein induced by high concentration glucose is more stable, and the expression of VEGF is obviously increased. It is suggested that high concentration glucose may play a role in retinal neovascularization, especially at ischemia stage of diabetic retinopathy.