Objective To explore the relationships between loneliness and sleep quality of undergraduates.Methods 751 undergraduates were investigated by UCLA Loneliness Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index( PSQI).Results (1) No gender,grade and origin differences on loneliness were found,but non-only child undergraduates(43.09±7.22)felt lonely more than only-child undergraduates(41.37±8.38)(t=2.95,P=0.003).(2) No gender,grade and yes or no only child differences on the total score of PSQI were found,but undergraduates come from country (5.00±2.68)scored higher than those from city(4.59±2.79)(t＝2.019,P＜0.05).(3)Loneliness had significant positive correlations with the total score on the PSQI and the six components(except sleep duration)(r=0.12～0.27,P＜0.05～0.01).Lonely(5.72±3.25,1.20±0.93,1.09±0.70,0.23±0.64,1.64±0.93)and non-lonely undergraduates (4.63±2.56,0.99±0.79,0.96±0.53,0.08±0.37,1.39±0.85)differ significantly in total score of PSQI,sleep latency,sleep disturbance,sleep medication and daytime dysfunction(t=2.096～3.681,P＜0.05～0.001).Conclusion Loneliness of undergraduates maybe influence their sleep quality.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of ureteroscopy with holmium laser on ureteral stricture associated with calculi.Methods The clinical data of 36 cases of ureteral stricture associated with calculi undergoing ureteroscopy with holmium laser treatment were analyzed retrospectively with 26 cases of male patients and 10 cases of female patients.The age was 26-65 years.There were upper and middle ureteral stricture associated with calculi in 8 cases,and lower segment of ureteral stricture associated with calculi in 28 cases.All the patients were treated with ureteroscopy with holmium laser.All cases were followed up for 6-12 months.In the follow-up of 36 cases B ultrasound and urinary tract flat piece or intravenous urinary tract imaging were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect.Results Thirty-six patients underwent ureteroscopy with holmium laser successfully.No conversion to open surgery occurred.Mean operating time was 30 (20-45) min.Mean hospital stay postoperatively was 3-5 d.Postoperative 8 cases with low thermal,alleviated by the anti-infection treatment,no ureteral avulsion,leakage and severe complications such as hemorrhage.Postoperative follow-up,32 cases (89％,32/36) were cured and 4 cases (11％,4/36) were improved.Conclusion Ureteroscopy with holmium laser in treatment of ureteral stricture associated with calculi is a simple and effective minimally invasive method.

Objective To explore the efficacy of four-step method for transurethral enucleation of the prostate . Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 120 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia ( BPH) treated with four-step method ( traction, enucleation, resection, and repair ) for transurethral plasmakinetic resection of the prostate in our hospital from January 2012 to February 2014. Results The average operation time was (91.4 ±35.3) min.The intraoperative blood loss was 78.8 ±34.1 ml. The resection of the prostate tissue weight was (32.1 ±15.7) g.The postoperative bladder infusion time was (1.5 ±0.5) days.The postoperative indwelling catheter time was 3.5 ±0.8 days.The postoperative hospital stay was (5.5 ±0.5) days.No death, blood transfusion, or TURS happened.Follow-up reviews at 3 months after surgery found postoperative international prostatic symptom score (IPSS) was significantly less than the preoperative level [4.5 ±2.2 vs.24.5 ±5.1, t=39.445, P=0.000], postoperative Qmax was significantly higher than preoperative level [(21.5 ±10.5) ml/s vs.(6.0 ±1.9) ml/s, t =15.912, P =0.000], and postoperative residual urine was significantly less than the preoperative level [(12.0 ±2.0) ml vs.(145.0 ±33.0) ml;t=44.069, P =0.000].No retrograde ejaculation, sexual dysfunction, or dysuria happened. Conclusion The four-step method for transurethral enucleation of the prostate is radical , safe, and simple.

Objective: To analyze the role of frequency complemcntarities of vestibular tests including caloric test (CT),head shaking test(HST),and vibration test(VT) in the evaluation of vestibular function. Methods: Five hundreds and eightyfour patients with unilateral peripheral lesions were tested with CT, HST and VT in order to compare the frequency characteristic of abnormal vestibular function. Results: Of the 584 patients, 189 (32.36%), 283 (48.46%) and 368 (63.01%)cases showed vibration-induced nystagmus (VIN), head shaking nystagnms (HSN) and abnormal unilateral weakness (UW)respectively. There were 22 isolated VIN, 52 HSN and 145 cases of abnormal UW respectively. One hundred and fifty-nine (27.23%) cases had combination damage of two frequency bands, 101 (17.29%) had vestibular damage at all frequency bands,479 (82.02%) had abnormal results in any of the three tests, and 105 (17.98%) had no abnormality in all those three tests.Through consistency test, CT and HST (Kappa=0.106, P＜ 0.05), CT and VT(Kappa=0.068, P＜ 0.05), VT and HST (Kappa=0.321, P＜0.05) showed low consistency among them. VIN and HSN were more hkely to be evoked with the increasing of the UW (X'2VIN=22.686,X2HSN=23.023, P＜ 0.05). Conclusion: The vestibular damage in the patients with vertigo could reflect at isolated low, middle, high frequency or multi frequency bands. Thus, CT, HST and VT all make significant contributions to multiple-frequency analysis of vestibular function and show a well complementarities. So they can be used in evaluating the overall function of the vestibular and indicating a serious vestibular lesion if the damage affected multi frequency bands.

Objective To observe the efficacy of anatomical locking plate combined with anchor nail internal fixation and clavicular hook plate in the treatment of Neer Ⅱ distal clavicle fracture and their impact on shoulder function.Methods Eighty patients with Neer Ⅱ distal clavicular fracture treated in the Eighth People's Hospital in Shanghai from January 2015 to December 2016 were divided into observation group and control group,each group 40 cases.The observation group was treated with anatomical locking plate combined with anchor nail,the control group was treated with clavicular hook plate.The efficacy,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,fracture healing time,postoperative hospital stay,shoulder function score and incidence of complication were observed in the two groups.Results The excellent rate was in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (97.50%(39/40) vs.80.00%(31/40),χ2=2.477,P<0.01).The operation time,intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospital stay in the observation group and the control group were (53.36±4.69) min vs.(54.19±5.13) min,(69.65±7.17) ml vs.(70.38±8.29) ml,(7.39±1.64) d vs.(7.42±1.97) d,the differences between the two groups had no statistical significance (P>0.05);the fracture healing time in the observation group was longer than that of the control group ((23.65±2.19) w vs.(26.9±3.46) w,P<0.01).The shoulder joint Constant-Murley score in the observation group was (86.02±5.19) points,control group (68.46± 6.94) points,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).Observation group showed 2 cases of pain around acromion,the incidence rate of complications was 5.00%(2/40);7 cases in the control group had pain around acromion,2 cases suffered from impingement syndrome and 1 cases had delayed union,the incidence rate of complications was 25.00% (10/40).Conclusion Anatomical locking plate combined with anchor nail internal fixation is effective in the treatment of Neer II distal clavicle fracture.It has the advantages of fast fracture healing,good functional recovery of shoulder joint and less complications.

Objective: To investigate the anti-oxidation activity of astaxanthin. Method: Free radical scavenging properties were investigated in modified chemical system. The antioxidation activity of astaxanthin and vitamin E for linoleic acid autooxidation, hydroxy radical and DPPH radical was detected by spectrophotometry. Results: Astaxanthin could inhibit autooxidation of linoleic acid effectively and its inhibition and elimination rate to hydroxy radical was higher than vitamin E. The elimination rate was 95.98% at the concentration of 50 ?g/ml astaxanthin. Although the effect of astaxanthin on eliminating DPPH radical was slightly lower than vitamin E, but the elimination rate still high to 97.0% at concentration of 80 ?g/ml. Conclusion: Astaxanthin has obvious anti-oxidation activity.

ObjectiveTo explore clinic features of large cerebral infarction and the relationship between infarcted area and prognosis.MethodsClinic materials such as dangerous factors, onset, course, treatment and prognosis, brain CT changes and internal carotid artery ultrasonic examinations of 68 patients with large cerebral infarction were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThere were 28 cases caused by cerebral embolism, and 40 cases caused by cerebral thrombosis. 6 cases got recovery, and 34 cases, progress, and 11 cases,no progress, and 17 cases, death. ConclusionThe infarcted area was significantly related to prognosis (P<0.05). Internal carotid artery frequently occurring atheromas and senile non-valve atrial fibrillation were major embolic origins for large cerebral infarction.11 out of the 17 deaths could be attributed to brain herniation and secondary infection. The early abnormal brain CT showed that the rate of mortality was 62.5%, and the rate of mid-line dislocation was 42.9%. Either of them indicated that prognosis was bad.

BACKGROUND:The patients receiving total knee arthroplasty are high in average age, and often accompanied with hypertension, diabetes and other basic diseases. Due to the poor physical conditions of the patients,
perioperative hemorrhage becomes the important factor that affecting the safety of replacement.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze perioperative hidden hemorrhage of primary total knee arthroplasty, and to explore the method of evaluating perioperative blood loss by osteoarthritis severity before total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS:A retrospective analysis of 126 knee osteoarthritis patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty was conducted. Al the patients were divided into two groups according to Kel gren and Lawrecne imaging classification:stage Ⅲ group and stage Ⅳ group. The hidden hemorrhage of the patients in two groups was calculated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The average total blood loss of the patients was 1 560 mL, included hidden hemorrhage 865 mL (55%). The mean blood loss of stage Ⅲ group was 1 290 mL with the mean hidden
hemorrhage of 684 mL (53%). The mean blood loss of stage Ⅳ group was 1 644 mL with the mean hidden
hemorrhage of 921 mL (56%). Statistical analysis showed there were significant differences of total blood loss and hidden hemorrhage between two groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the percentage of
hidden hemorrhage. The results indicate that higher grade of osteoarthritis imaging classification, the more of total blood loss and hidden hemorrhage, while the change of the percentage of hidden hemorrhage is not significant. Preoperative evaluation of patients’ blood loss by osteoarthritis severity has great significance for blood
management and surgical safety of patients.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are an extensive class of -22-nucleotide (nt) endogenous noncoding RNAs regulating life activities ofmetazoans through binding to 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of their target genes. This work aimed to identify yan gene in the silkworm, reveal its expression profile and confirm if it is one target of bmo-miR-7 and, as such, have potential for contributing to better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the metamorphosis of silkworm. Based on homolog searching and PCR amplification, we cloned the coding sequence (CDS) of Bmyan, which encodes 476 amino acid residues and contains SAM-PNT and ETs domains. Quantitative PCR (q-PCR), RT-PCR and microarray data revealed high expression of Bmyan in the head, body wall and ovary of day-3 fifth instar larval silkworm, low or no expression in other tissues. It was lowly expressed in the early larval stages, but highly expressed from late spinning to day 4 pupa. The 3'-UTR of Bmyan was obtained by rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (3'RACE) and predicted to contain two potential recognition sites of bmo-miR-7. The luciferase reporter vector containing the 3'-UTR of Bmyan was constructed and co-transfected into BmE cell line with the mimic of bmo-miR-7 and the decreased relative activity of luciferase showed that Bmyan is one target of bmo-miR-7. This work helps further functional analysis of bmo-miR-7 and Bmyan in the silkworm.
3' Untranslated Regions ; Animals ; Bombyx ; genetics ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Insect Proteins ; genetics ; Larva ; Metamorphosis, Biological ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Pupa

Objective　To analyze the clinicopathologic characteristics and treatment of primary and secondary bladder mucosa lymphoma.　Methods　From June 1996 to September 2011,8 cases of bladder mucosa lymphoma patients including primary bladder mucosa lymphoma patients (2 males and 3 females)and secondary bladder mucosa lymphoma patients ( 1 male and 2 females) were treated in our institute.The patient's mean age was 68 years (ranged from 57 to 78 years),and the other 3 secondary bladder mucosa lymphoma patient's mean age was 61 years (ranged from 41 to 81 years).7 of 8 patients accepted transurethral resection of bladder tumor combined with CHOP chemotherapy and radiotherapy,and 1 patient abandoned treatment.CHOP chemotherapy and radiotherapy were performed at 2 weeks post-operatively.Secondary bladder mucosa lymphoma patients accepted 3-dimensional conformal 6000 cGy radiotherapy.Urinary CT examination showed that there were round or oval irregular tumors in the wall of urinary bladder,whose diameters were 1 to 4 cm.Tumor edges were glossy and tumor density were uniform.In addition,the bladder wall with tumor was uneven.In contrasted CT,the tumors appeared obviously enhanced.7 cases had cauliflower-like tumors found by cystoscope,and there were necrosis-calcification area in the center of tumors.1case appeared multiple tumors,which consisted of one big tumor and three smaller ones.　Results　There were 5 cases of primary bladder mucosa lymphoma, including 3 bladder mucosa associated lymphoma (MAL) cases and 2 diffuse large B cell lymphoma cases.There were 3 secondary bladder mucosa lymphoma cases including 2 diffuse large B cell lymphoma cases and 1 generalized follicular cystic central lymphoma case,which belongs to the tuberous sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma.Immunohistochemical analysis showed that CD20,CD21,CD43 staining were positive in low grade MAL (3 cases).However,CD3,CD20,CD31 staining were positivein high grade MAL (5 cases). All patients were followed up 3 to 44 months.3 cases of secondary malignant lymphoma patients died after diagnosed after 3 to 13 months.5 cases of primary malignant lymphoma patients were all survived. 1 case recurred 14 months after surgery and accepted TURBT and CHOP chemotherapy again.Pathologic diagnosis showed the transformation from peripheral zone of bladder mucosa associated lymphoma to diffuse large B cell lymphoma.The patient was free of recurrence.　Conclusions　MAL and diffuse large B cell lymphoma are the most common type of bladder mucosa lymphoma.Primary and secondary diffuse large B cell lymphoma have similarities in histological analysis,but the former prognosis is better than the latter's. Transurethral resection of bladder tumor combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy can prevent the relapse of MAL in short term and long term with good tolerance,and can be used as ideal treatment of MALT.