Using registration information on candidates for the written examination in medical synthesis, a part of the doctor qualification examination, from 1999 to 2001 as processing data, the authors made a comparative study on the composition of the candidates in the eastern, middle and western regions of the country from 7 aspects, viz. total number, category of registration for the examination, educational background, time of graduation, age, organization and rank of organization. It was found that the educational background of the candidates was on the whole very low and the number and quality of health personnel in the western region and at the grass roots level was in dire need of enhancement.

[Objective] To disuse the traumatic mechanism,clinical feature and treatment of the occult osteochondral avulsion of the posterior ankle joint.[Method]The data of 6 patients had been reviewed.From 2003.9 to 2006.6,6 patients had been treated,including 4 male and 2 female,with the average ages of 31.7 years(27~38 years).They all had injury history of their ankle but no fracture or dislocation had been found in X-ray film immediatey after the trauma.Four of them had been treated by plastic cast fixation of their ankle for 3 weeks,2 received treatment without fixation,but all the patients suffered pain and tenderness in the medial-posterior or the lateral-posterior of the ankle with leg or/and food radiation.The symptoms were persistent even when they were rest.The diagnosis of osteochondrl avulsion fracture had not been made until they were admitted in 4 mouth to 1 year after the injury.The fractured bone debris were showed by X-ray film and CT scan.All patients had been treated by operation of ablating the fractured fragment.[Result]All symptoms in the ankle had disappeared 2~3 days after the operation and no recurrence during 6 mouth to 2 years follow up.[Conclusion]It shoud be attaching importance to the occult osteochondral avulsion in early time after ankle injury,and when the diagnosis is made,operation is the appropriate treatment.

Objective To explore the surgical treatment of ankle fracture.Methods 326 cases with ankle joint fracture in our hospital treated by surgical treatment were followed up.There were 182 males and 43 females,aged from 7 ～ 75 years.The patients with medial malleolus fracture were cut through postero-medial process,and the lagged screw,absorbed screw,or tension band wire were used.Patients with bimalleolus and trimalleolus fracture were cut through medial and lateral two incision.When the fracture line of the fibula is high,the triangular needle,kirschner wire,plate and the screw,remember alloy were used,when the fracture line of the fibula was high,1 ～ 2 cortical or cancellous bone lagged screw were used.The patients with diastasis of inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis were cut through lateral process,1 lagged screw was used through 3 layer cortical bone.After the operation,the plaster or brace was used according to the stability of the fracture,then systemic functional exercises.Results All the patients were followed up from 4 ～ 120 months,according to the ankle-hind foot score of American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score(AOFAS),their clinical treatment results were assessed.In 225 cases,excellent and good rate was 86.7％.Connclusion Proper approach,anatomy reduction,articular surface recovery to smooth,stable internal fixation,necessary external fixation and systemic rehabilitation were the key aspects to the surgical treatment.Good result of most of the patients with fracture of the ankle joint can be obtained.

Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

[Objective] To construct a database for the genetic polymorphism of 18 STR loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSFIPO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, FGA, PentaE, PentaD, SE33) in Hart population from Zhejiang province. To investigate the application of 18 STR loci in the field of paternity testing and prenatal diagnosis. [Methods] Fluorescent dye labeling multiplex STR-PCR, capillary electrophoresis and DNA sequencer GeneScan were adopted in genotyping 598 unrelated samples collected from Han population in Zhejiang province. 18-STR database was established and analyzed. Population comparison was conducted between Han population in Zhejiang province and 8 other population. 15-STR and 18-STR identification system were compared in 497 paternity testing cases. [Results] We observed the distribution of 18 STR loci in Han population meet Hardy-Weinberge equilibrium and was different from other 8 population (X~2 test, P>0.05). Statistical results showed that the heterozygosis (He) ranged from 0.630 to 0.942. The combined power of discrimination was>0.9999999999. Compared with 15-STR identification system, higher paternity index scores and higher exclusion rate were obtained with 18-STR identification system in dual-case paternity test and mutation identification. One trisomy 21 fetus was found in a prenatal paternity test case which had two characteristic genotypes in 2 STR loci of D21S11 and Penta D. [Conclusions] The 18 loci were relatively highly genetic polymorphic in Zhejiang Han population and could be used for paternity testing. Some STR loci could be used in prenatal diagnosis for aneuploidy.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a GC-MS assay for determination of the contents of phenol and menthol in calamine and menthol lotion.METHODS:Using DM-5elastic quartz capillary as separation column,I-octanol as internal standard,phenol and menthol were detected separately under the70℃～150℃step-up hyperthermic condition to select the ion fragment peaks with M/Z of94and71.RESULTS:Phenol and menthol were good linear within1.092～21.840?g/ml(r=0.9998)and1.194～9.552?g/ml(r=0.9999).Recoveries were100.2%(RSD=1.34%)and100.4%(RSD=0.74%)respective?ly.CONCLUSION:The method is quick and accurate with highly repeatability and specificity and it is adequate for contents determination and quality control for this preparation.

A spectrophotometric method for the determination of calcium in milk, hair and urine was developed using metal complezing dye orthocresolphth-alein complexone(OCPC).The organic matter in the tested sample was destroyed by digestion. An aliquot of the digested solution was mixed with color developing reagent, alkaline OCPC, cantaining 8-quinolinol to suppress interference such as magnesium, and the absorbance was measured at 570 nm.The coefficients of variation were 0.87, 3.6 and 1.2% for milk, hair and urine samples; and the analytical recoveries of calcium from milk, hair and urine averaged 100.4, 101.0 and 98.5% respectively. The calcium content of milk and hair determined by this method was closely correlated with that of the ICP-AES method (r =0.994, p

OBJECTIVE:To establish a RP-HPLC method to simultaneously determine the contents of piperacillin and taz_obactam METHODS:Using ? Bondapak C18 column as fixed phase,a mixture of methanol and purified water(34 5∶65 5)as mobile phase,and caffeine as internal standard,detecting wavelength:220nm,flow rate:1 0ml/min RESULTS:The linear rangs of piperacillin and tazobactam were 40～200?g/ml and 5 0～25 0?g/ml respectively The average recovery and RSD (n=5) were (100 2?0 61)% for piperacillin and (99 03?0 90)% for tazobactam CONCLUSION:This method is rapid,simple and accurate

OBJECTIVE:To determine the concentration of valproic acid in serum.METHODS:Determination was performed with RP-HPLC with methanol:water(70∶30) as mobile phase,?-bromoacetophenone as deriving agent and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid as internal standard,and detected at wavelength 248nm.RESULTS:The calibrating curve of valproic acid was linear in the range of 14.47～248.0?g/ml.CONCLUSION:The method was convenient,rapid,accurate and suitable for TDM.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the dissolubility of commercial metformin hydrochloride tablets from different manufactories.METHODS:The in vitro dissolubility of 14 kinds of commercial metformin hydrochloride tablets was determined by basket method and the dissolution parameters were analyzed with variance analysis method.RESULTS:The in vitro dissolubility of 14 kinds of metformin hydrochloride tablets fitted to the request of ChP2000,but the dissolution parameters were different.CONCLUSION:The statistical results indicate that there are significant differences between products from different factories(P