OBJECTIVE:To study the content and feature of licensed pharmacist qualification examination abroad in order to provide the evidence for the reform of licensed pharmacist qualification examination in China.METHODS:The relevant literature was referred to and a comprehensive analysis was made.RESULTS &CONCLUSION:Strict control over the inclusion criteria in the examination should be strengthened in China.The content and the types of questions should be adjusted to test the real competency of the examinees.The targeting role of the examination should be reinforced,and monitoring as well evaluating system should be established to upgrade the degree of openness.Foreign graduated pharmacological students and pharmacists should be allowed for licensed pharmacist qualification examination in China and registered.The association of licensed pharmacists should play its full potentials.

Objective To build a scientific,rational and practical evaluation index system for medical tutors.Methods Evaluation framework was initially constructed on the basis of literature analysis.Two rounds questionnaires investigation were conducted soon using Delphi method and the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis,independent samples of non-parametric test (Kreskas-Wallis test),expert reliability analysis,analytic hierarchy process and other methods.Results The results of two rounds of expert questionnaires showed that both recovery rate and acceptance rate of the questionnaires were more than 90％ and overall expert coefficient was 0.8957.The coordinate coefficient of the second-class index was 0.181,x2 =27.148,P ＜ 0.001,and that of the third-class index was 0.157,x2 =127.03,P ＜ 0.001.Experts' opinions were highly consistent.Conclusions Evaluation index system including three first-class indexes,seven second-class indexes and twenty-eight third-class indexes was established for medical tutors.The evaluation index system is of great importance in safeguarding postgraduate culturing quality and strengthening teaching staff construction.

The effect of gelatin on anaero-cultivation of Bifidobacterium adolescent is and stabilization of its living cell in dried preparation was investigared. It was shown that the well-distributed mixture of gelatin and medium could have a cushioning effect on pH reduction resulting from acid-production while incubating, and the dried mixture comprising living cell of bifidobacterium adolescentis was prepared, in which the stability and viability of cell come from cultures of gelatin mixture was increased compared with that without gelatin mixture. It was shown that oxygen toxicity to anaerobic cell was well reduced because of cell immobilization by the gel mixure after drying with saccharide substance , and then fermentable dynamics in 50L fermentor was tested as well as the relationship of growth kinetics, pH, dissolved oxygen rate, and content of soluble solids.

Objective: To study the UPLC-MS fingerprint of Bupleurum marginatum DC. in northwest Hubei and establish the quality evaluation system for the herb. Methods:A UPLC-MS method was used to analyze 10 samples of B. marginatum DC with the following chromatographic conditions:an ACQUITY UPLC? RBEH C18 column (100 mm × 2. 1 mm, 1. 7 μm) was used, the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0. 3% formic acid water with gradient elution, the flow rate was 0. 2 ml·min-1, and the detection wavelength was 203nm with ESI(-). Results:There were 8 common peaks in the UPLC-MS fingerprint of B. marginatum DC. Through analyzing the information of mass spectrometry and combining the references, 6 peaks were identified. Conclusion:The UPLC-MS fin-gerprint method is simple,rapid and feasible. The acquired UPLC-MS fingerprint of B. marginatum DC. and the evaluation indices can provide the scientific quality assessment of B. marginatum DC.

AIM: To investigate the growth inhibition of Candida albicans mediated by vaginal epithelial cells and determine if estrogen affects the anti-fungal activity. METHODS: C_ 57BL/6J mice vaginae from estrogen treatment group, diestrus group and ovariectomized group were excised, respectively. The vaginae were dissociated into single cell suspension by dispase and collagenaseⅠ. The epithelial nenriched cells were used as effector cells. Blastoconidia of C. albicans were used as target cells. After coincubation of effector with target for 9 h, the target cells growth density was observed, percent growth inhibition was calculated, and ultra-structural changes were observed. RESULTS: After coincubation of effector cells with target cells for 9 h, growth density of C. albicans was visibly reduced and it's growth activity was inhibited. Compared to ovariectomized group and diestrus group, vaginal epithelial cells from estrogen-treated mice had less ability to inhibit the growth of C. albicans (P

Objective:To establish the HPLC fingerprints of Atractylodes lancea in northwest of Hubei province to provide the basis for the quality control and variety identification of Atractylodes lancea. Methods:The fingerprints were detected by HPLC. The separa-tion was achieved on a Diamonsil 2# C18(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm)chromatographic column at 30℃ using acetonitrile-water (gradient elution) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The detection wavelength was 340nm. Results: There were 13 common peaks in the HPLC fingerprints of 14 batches of Atractylodes lancea with promising separation. According to the results of clustering a-nalysis,Atractylodes lancea in northwest of Hubei province was clustered into two categories. Conclusion:A simple, feasible and relia-ble method is provided for the quality control of Atractylodes lancea.

Radix bupleuri is mainly used to treat cold fever and liver disease, and the curative effect is remarkable. The prepara-tions previously explored including bupleurum injection, tablets and capsules all show their own characters and different applicable peo-ple. Recently, many researchers carried out extensive research on its dosage forms. The early formulations have been improved as well, and successively developed dropping pill, nasal sprays, transdermal patches and the other new dosage forms. In the paper, the recent research progress in bupieurum preparations were summarized in order to provide reference for the improvement and application.

Objective: To optimize the extraction conditions of semi-bionic extraction for Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. Methods:The best extraction conditions of the semi-bionic extraction for Gardenia jasminoides Ellis was screened by uniform design with yield of geniposide, total iridoid glycosides and dry extract as the indices. Results:The optimal conditions were as follows:the pH value of wa-ter for the lst, 2nd and 3rd decoction was 2. 0, 6. 5 and 9. 0, respectively, and the extraction time was 2. 0, 1. 0 and 1. 0h according-ly. Conclusion:The optimized extraction conditions by uniform design is scientific and reasonable.

0.05). The valve competence recovery rate in severe PDVI group was significantly lower than that of the mild and moderate PDVI groups (both P

Objective To study the dynamic change of polysaccharides from Bupleurum marginatum in Northwest of Hubei province,and to explore the optimal harvest period for Bupleurum marginatum. Methods The contents of soluble and crude Bupleurum polysaccharides were determined by anthrone-sulphuric acid colorimetric method and detected at 620 nm,and total polysaccharide content was calculated. Results The content of polysaccharides at various collecting periods was very different from 9. 642% to 15. 479%,and reached the highest level in November when the seed comes to mature. ConclusionThe optimal harvest period for Bupleurum marginatum in Northwest of Hubei is at the end of November.