Ten cases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas were histochemically investigated for their lectin receptors by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. Results showed that gastric adenocarcinomas expressed more types of lectin receptors than large bowel adenocarcinomas. Positive rates of G1c/Man-and GlcNAc-specific lectin receptors in those tumors were higher than those of Gal/GalNAc- and Fuc-specific lectin receptoes. From the stomach to rectum, the spectrum of the lectin receptors in pericarcinomatous tissues gradually changed from the gastric type to rectal type. The expression of lectin receptors in gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas was obviously different from that in their corresponding pericarcinomatous tissues. The increase and decrease of lectin receptor expression, the appearance and disappearance of some types of lectin receptors as well as the change of the receptor distribution are indirectly regulated by cellular genome.

Glycophorin A(GPA)of human erythrocyte membrane is closely related with the invasion of erythrocytes by Plasmodium falciparum. Under the condition of the in vitro culture, the effects of GPA, anti-GPA-IgG, ?1-acid glycoprotein, wheat germ agglutinin, etc. on the invasion of erythrocytes by Plasmodium falciparum were observed in the research. The results showed that the combination of GPA with Plasmodium falciparum merozoites has high specificity, high affinity and a tendency to saturation, and produces specific biological effects. These confirm for the first time from the characteristics of the ligand-receptor interaction that GPA is a recptor recognized and bound by Plasmodium falciparum merozoites.

Wheat germ agglutinin(WGA)with a higher activity of hemagglutination was purified from wheat germ by a modified method of ovomucoid-Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography.The average yield of purified WGA from 100g wheat germ acetone powder was 58.74?6.56mg. WGA showed a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with an apparent molecular weight of 34400.The specific haptens of WGA- were N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid.

The high affinity interaction of avidin-biotin in immunoenzyrnatic techniques has provided a simple and sensitive method to localize antigens in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues.The distribution of lectin receptors in primary hepatocellular carcinoma, int-ahepatic cholangiccarcinorria an.i cavernous hemangi-oma was studied for the first time by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method.The results show that the method was simple, highly sensitive, and had gcod reproducibility and specificity as well as higher value of practical use.

Receptors of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) in liver tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma(ICC) and so on, were histologically localized by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. Normal, cirrhostic and pericarcinomatous liver tissues were used as controls. The result showed that WGA receptors in HCC were irregularly distributed, which was significantly different to the band-like distribution of WGA receptors in the controls and to the distribution in ICC. After the treatment with neuraminidase, the distributions of WGA receptors changed apparently. It is suggested that the characteristics of WGA receptor distributions in cells could be helpful to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of liver tumors.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the research level of hospital pharmaceutical management in China in order to pro-mote the pharmaceutical care in hospital.METHODS:298published articles on pharmaceutical management between2002and2003were collected and analyzed.The differences were compared between Chinese and American research papers.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Chinese articles mainly dealt with drug management,including drug use,preparation management and drug purchase,and the research methods used in these articles were less scientific,while the research methodology in U.S studies is worthy of learning.

Objective To investigate the X-ray characteristics of humeral spiral fracture cau sed by hand grenade throwing.Methods Forty-six soldiers suffered humera l fracture caused by grenade throwin g in military training.Their X-ray film s were evaluated and fracture featur es were measured.Results All fractures involved the mid-distal humeral shaft.The spiral fracture lines were sy mmetrical in the proximal and distal parts.The lengths of fractures were above 30mm,with 51～90mm in 31cases(67.4%).All fracture angles were less than 45?,with 40?～45?in 42cases(91.3%).The spiral arcs of fractures were 285?～326?with an average of 305.5?(0.85circle).Four cases had a butterfly fracture piece on the medial side.Conclusions Spiral fractures due to grenade thro wing mainly occur at the acceleratio n phase of throwing,and are mainly caused by the combination of torsion al and compressive forces.Humeral t hrowing fractures are characterize d by long fracture line,sharp fracture a ngle,and large spiral arc.

The deterioration of indoor air quality (IAQ) in medical district was caused by the personnel in the area, the buildings and their surroundings, and the situations of the air conditioning system. It is necessary to control the personnel entering the medical area and to strengthen the management of the buildings and their surroundings, and the air conditioning system for maintaining high IAQ. The development of new efficient air cleaning (equipment) is of importance in the same way.

Carotid atherosclerosis is one of the important risk factors of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Ultrasonography can detect carotid intima-media thickness, compositions, configuration and surface structure of plaque, severity of carotid stenosis and its hemodynamics change, thus it is helpful to estimate the mechanism of ischemia and evaluate its risk factors. So it has a wide application prospect in screening high-risk population, guiding drug administration and surgical intervention.

OBJECTIVE:To promote the pharmacist-patient communication and make full value added to health care by pharmacists.METHODS:This article discussed the significance,characteristics and models of the communication,and analyzed the factors that obstacle the communication.RESULTS:Several suggestions about the promotion of the communication between pharmacist and patient were put forward.CONCLUSION:The communication between pharmacist and patient is very impor?tant and should be promoted greatly.