Mesoporous silica SBA-15 with a small organic molecular (1,8-Naphthalimide) was synthesized and used as matrix for MALDI-TOF-MS ( Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry) analysis. A modified SBA-15 matrix, SBA-15-NA (1,8-Naphthalimide) was synthesized by covalently attaching SBA-15 to an 1 , 8-naphthalimide formed by 1 , 8-naphthalic anhydride and 3-( trimethoxysilyl) propylamine. The mass spectra obtained with SBA-15-NA exhibited less background interference ions, higher desorption/ionization efficiency, and higher peak intensity. The matrix was initially prepared in methanol and mixed with analyte at a 1∶1 volume ratio in vial. The solution of mixture was at a 10∶1 concentration ratio of matrix/analyte on a stainless steel target and allowed to air dry. The method was used to analyze various types of low molecular weight ( less than 500 ) chemical compounds such as monosaccharides, amino acids, phytohormones, drugs. Under the optimal conditions, it gave low detection limit of 1×10-9 g/L (Leucine, S/N=5) and good reproducibility (≤30%). The modified mesoporous silica materials have been employed in the urinary study for direct detection of metabolites.

Objective To investigate the variation of cytokines IL-4, IL-1? and TNF-? before and after the onset of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and to discuss the role of cytokine in the pathogenesis of PIH. Method A prospective cohort study of 550 pregnant women were followed. Plasma drawn from 25 women who developed moderate and severe PIH and 30 controls at 12~16 and 32~36 gestational weeks were analyzed. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-1? and TNF-? were analyzed using ELISA method. Results (1)In the second trimester, the plasma level of TNF-? in PIH group was significantly higher than control group(27.66 ng/L vs 17.80 ng/L, P

Objective To evaluate the relationship between abnormal lipid metabolism and the pathogenesis of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out in 500 pregnant women. They were followed in the antenatal care outpatient clinic. Amcing them. 20 cases of mild PIH, 23 cases of moderate and severe PIH, 30 cases of normal pregnant women were studied. Serum lipid levels were measured before and after the onset of PIH (baseline and follow up). Data were analysed with F test. Results TG, VLDL, LP(a),FFA and FFA/Alb levels in all patients of PIH were significantly higher than those in the control group( P

Objective To establish a stable implanted model of VX2 rabbit brain tumor, and to evaluate the pathological and imaging features and tumor angiogenesis. Methods Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were implanted with 100 ?l viable VX2 tumor cells (107/ml) through a hole 5 mm to the right of the sagittal suture and 5 mm posterior to the coronal suture bored by a dental drill. MRI was performed every ~2 days after 7 days of implantation to evaluate the growth of the tumor, and perfusion CT studies were performed in different days of tumor growth. After that the animals were sacrificed on days 14, 18, 22, 26, and 30 of tumor implantation. 2% Evans blue (2 ml/kg) was given intravenously in 16 of these animals ~1 hour prior to sacrifice to detect the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The specimens of the rabbit brains were examined pathologically and histologically. VEGF and MVD were evaluated in immunohistochemical examination. Results Of the 22 animals included into the study, the tumor grew in 20 animals, which could be seen clearly on MR imaging. Pathologic examination showed characteristics of squamous carcinoma. VEGF was expressed in all tumors with the mean rate of positive cells of (52.51?19.15)% (19.5%-92.9%). Mean MVD was (51.30?14.42)pice piece/microscope (25-81 pice piece/microscope). Using Pearson′s linear correlation analysis, positive correlation was found between tumor growth time and volume (r=0.791, P=0.000), between MVD and tumor growth time (r=0.875, P=0.000), and between MVD and tumor volume (r=0.901, P=0.000), respectively. Spearman′s rank correlation analysis showed positive correlation between VEGF grade and blue stain of the tumor (r_s=0.594, P=0.015). Conclusion A stable model of VX2 rabbit brain tumor has been established with the method of skull drilling. The method was simple and easy to use, with a high tumor growth rate and remarkable angiogenesis. The model is helpful for the pathological and radiological study of tumor angiogenesis.

Objective To improve short-and mid-term surgical outcomes ofter the tricuspid ring annuloplasty,and to provide theoretic basis for strategy making among patients with tricuspid regurgitation secondary to left-sided heart diseases.Methods Tricuspid regurgitation secondary to left-sided heart diseases ( including mitral valve diseases and aortic valve diseases) were treated by using tricuspid ring annuloplasty techniques.Patients'age averaged (47.3 ± 12.0) years old,there were a total of 84 female patients(53.2％ ).The average systolic pulmonary pressure was (53.4 ± 19.8) mm Hg.From August 2002 to December 2007,a total of 158 consecutive patients underwent tricuspid ring annuloplasty in Fuwai Cardiovascular disease Hospital.Among this group of patients,there were 66 mild tricuspid regurgitation(41.8％ ),54 moderate(34.2％ ),and 38 severe tricuspid regurgitation(24.0％ ).The average age was (47.3 ± 12.0) years old and female accounted for 53.2％ of the whole cohort.The indications for the tricuspid ring annuloplasty included:moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation or moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension ( systolic pulmonary hypertension ＞40 mm Hg).In the current study,the ring annuloplasty techniques were modified in the following aspects:selection of undersized ring and partial fixation of tricuspid septal segment.In all the patients,we chose Cosgrove-Edwards ring for tricuspid annuloplasty.The surgical outcomes were evaluated through multivariate regression and Cox analysis.Results Compared with moderate and severe tricuspid regurgitation groups,mild regurgitation group had the smallest ring diameter,mild group ( 38.2 ± 4.9 ) mm,moderate group(47.0 ± 11.6 ) mm,severe group(44.5 ± 8.9) mm,P ＜0.001.No significant differences were noted in terms of ejection fraction among three groups (0.59 ± 0.08,0.59 ± 0.06 and 0.58 ± 0.09,P =0.73 ).Compared with mild and moderate tricuspid regurgitation groups,severe regurgitation group had the highest systolic pulmonary pressure.The diameter reduction was most significant in severe regurgitation group,diameter reduction in mild,moderate and severe regurgitation groups were ( 12.4 ±5.6) mm,(20.8 ± 11.5 ) mm,( 18.6 ± 8.3 ) mm,respectively,P ＜ 0.00 1.An in-hospital death occurred in moderate regurgitation group.157 patients discharged alive.The median follow-up time was 49.1 months.During follow up,three moderate to severe regurgitation occurred,among which one was in moderate regurgitation group,two in severe regurgitation group ( P =0.06).There were three deaths in mild regurgitation group,two in moderate regurgitation group,and four in severe regurgitation group.No significant differences were found in terms of mid-term morality,P =0.10.Conclusion For patients with tricuspid regurgitation secondary to left-sided heart diseases,the mid-term outcomes of modified Cosgrove-Edwards ring annuloplasty were satisfactory.The taking home messages include:positive recommendation for patients with pulmonary hypertension to accept tricuspid annuloplasty,use of undersized ring,and partial fixation of septal segment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on tumor metastasis in mouse model bearing melanoma xenograft.

METHODSMice bearing murine melanoma B16-F10 cell xenograft were randomized for sham-HIFU or HIFU exposure when the tumors grew to a maximum diameter of 7-10 mm, and the tumor size was measured every 3 days. The cumulative survival rate of the mice and tumor metastasis rate were calculated, and the circulating melanoma cells were detected using qRT-PCR. At 14 days after HIFU treatment, B16-F10 cells were retransplanted via the tail vein and the pulmonary metastatic nodules were counted.

RESULTSThe median survival time of the mice was 19.00 days (95% CI 17.14-20.86 days) in the sham group and 26.00 days (95%CI 24.76-27.25 days) in HIFU group. The cumulative survival rate in the HIFU group was significantly higher than that in sham-HIFU group (P<0.01), and the tumor size was significantly smaller in HIFU group at 20, 23, and 26 days after HIFU treatment (P<0.05). Compared with the sham-HIFU group, HIFU group had significantly lower levels of MAGE-A3, MART1 and PAX3 at 7 days after HIFU (P<0.05) with still lower MAGE-A3 level at 14 days (P<0.05). HIFU group showed a significantly smaller number of pulmonary metastatic nodules following tumor cell retransplantation than in sham-HIFU group (P<0.01) with a metastasis inhibition rate of 42.4%.

CONCLUSIONHIFU treatment can inhibit tumor metastasis in melanoma-bearing mice possibly by reducing tumor cell detachment from the primary tumor site and suppressing colonization of the circulating melanoma cells.

Animals ; High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation ; Melanoma, Experimental ; therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; prevention & control ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo understand the one-year effect of HCV/HIV co-infected patients who had received AIDS second-line antiretroviral treatment after failure virologically, on the first-line therapy.

METHODSHCV and HIV antibody positive patients who had experienced virological failure but received at least one-year AIDS first-line treatment, were recruited from May to October 2012 in Xincai, Queshan and Weishi of Henan province. 6-months and 12-months follow-up programs were carried out after the regimen had been changed to AIDS second-line antiretroviral treatment, CD4⁺ T lymphocyte count, HIV-1 virus load and HIV-1 drug resistance were performed.

RESULTSEighty-one cases of eligible patients were selected and followed by an amelioration of CD4 median at 6-month and 12-month follow-up period. Data showed that the baseline, 6-months and 12-months CD4 medians were 266 cells/µl, 275 cells/µl and 299 cells/µl (χ² = 8.214, P = 0.009). The ratio of HIV virus load suppression patients at 6-months and 12-months follow-up increased to 46.84% and 50.00%, respectively. Frequencies of HIV drug resistance also decreased at the baseline, 6-months and 12-months, with ratios as 66.67%, 26.58% and 27.63% (χ² = 29.362, P = 0.000), respectively. Ratios of patients that holding NRTI and NNRTI drug resistance appeared coinstantaneous decrease at the baseline, 6-months and 12-months, as 51.85%, 18.99% and 17.11% (χ² = 14.230, P = 0.005). At the baseline, the ratios of patients resisted to 3TC, ABC and FTC were all more than 50%, with AZT, D4T and DDI between 41%-44% while TDF appeared as 33.33%, then all of them declined to 12%-18% at the 6-month and 12-month follow-up periods. 65.43% of the patients resisted to both NVP and EFV but declined to 24%-27% at 6 months and 12 months.

CONCLUSIONHCV/HIV co-infected patients experienced virological failure of AIDS first-line therapy were ameliorated after changing to use second-line antiretroviral treatment for 6-months, but did not show constant positive effect at the 12-month end point.

Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; China ; Coinfection ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Follow-Up Studies ; HIV Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Viral Load