Objective]To evaluate the value of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography(3D-TEE)in the applica?tion of percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusionin patients with atrial fibrillation.[Methods]7 patients with atrial fibrillation in Da?lian area(female 4,male 3,mean age 71.5 ± 3.3 years)were enrolled in the study.The maximum and minimum diameter and the max?imum depth ofleft atrial appendage were measured by 3D-TEE,and export morphology and leaf number were viewed.WATCHMAN occlude size was selectedby 3D-TEE. The process of operation was monitored by 3D-TEE. 3D-TEE was also performed in 3 months after the transcatheter closure.[Results]7 patients were performed the transcatheter closure therapy successfully. Preoperative 3D-TEE showed left atrial appendage export:5 cases were oval,and 2 cases were nearly circular. The leaf number was 1.6 ± 0.8. The maximum diameter of the left atrial appendage export was(23.1 ± 1.7)mm,(19.2 ± 2.1)mm minimum diameter,maximum depth of(27.6 ± 3.3)mm. The maximum diameter had good correlation with the size of occluder(r=0.944,P=0.001). 3D-TEE was used for guidance in the transcatheter therapy and succeeded. There were 1 case with little shunt after the transcatheter closure. 3 months af?ter the treatment ,position and shape of the occluderswere all in good.[Conclusion]3D-TEE has the great value in the percutaneous closure of left atrial appendage.

Objective To investigate the changes of CA125 between primary cytoreductive surgery and interval debulking surgery for prediction the rate of optimal interval cytoreductive surgery and prediction the recurrence and the prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods A total of 39 cases with suboptimal primary cytoreductive surgery admitted from Jan.1996 to Jan.2009 were retrospectively analyzed.The median age of patients was 56 years( range:41 -68 years).Based on the changes in CA125level between primary cytoreductive surgery and interval debulking surgery,all cases were divided into four groups,group A (CA125 reduced to normal after primary cytoreductive surgery,n=6),group B (CA125reduced to normal after 1 - 2 cycles of chemotherapy,n =11 ),group C ( CA125 reduced to normal after 3 -4 cycles of chemotherapy,n =14),and group D ( CA125 did not reduced to normal after the chemotherapy,n =8 ), and all received platinum-based chemotherapy.The response to chemotherapy evaluated by pathological examination versus CA125 level,and recurrence and prognoses were also analyzed.Results ( 1 )The rate of optimal interval cytoreductive surgery in group A,B,C and D were 6/6,8/11,9/14 and 2/8respectively,in which there were statistically different between group A or B and group D (P ＜0.05).(2)The clinical benefit rates evaluated by the pathological examination in group A,B,C and D were 4/6,4/11,5/14 and 0,respectively and there were statistically different between group A and group D (P =0.030).( 3 ) There was significant difference in the recurrence rate between group A and group D (3/6 vs.8/8,P =0.024),while there were not significant differences between group B or C and group D ( all P ＞ 0.05 ).The rate of drug-resistant recurrence in group A,B,C and D were 1/6,3/11,5/14 and 7/8,respectively,in which there were significant differences between group A,B or C and group D ( all P ＜ 0.05 ). ( 4 ) The median progression-free survival (PFS) for patients in group A,B,C and D were 32,10,18 and 3 months,respectively,in which there were significant differences in the PFS between group A,B or C and group D (P =0.012,P =0.003,P =0.032 ).The median overall survival (OS) were 44,45,44 and 16 months,respectively.There were significant differences in the OS between group A,B or C and group D ( P =0.022,P =0.004,P =0.000 ).Conclusion The change of CA125 between primary cytoreductive surgery and interval debulking surgery may be predict the recurrence type and the prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Phyllodium pulchellum (L.) Desv..METHODS The ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of P.pulchellum 95％ ethanol extract were isolated and purified by Sephadex LH-20,silica,ODS and pre-HPLC column,then the structures of isolated compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as phydroxybenzoic acid (1),protocatechuic acid (2),protocaechuic acid methyl ester (3),protocatechuic acid ethyl ester (4),ethyl gallate (5),p-coumaric acid (6),caffeic acid ester (7),loliolide (8),uridine (9),arbutin (10),daucosterol (11).CONCLUSION Compounds 4-11 are isolated from genus Phyllodium for the first time,compounds 2 and 3 are first obtained from this plant.

To study the characteristic of glycoprotein gene sequence of rabies virus in Guizhou Province in recent years and provide scientific basis for effective control and prevention of rabies,RT-PCR assay were used to detect human and dog brain tissues derived from different prefectures of Guizhou.The amplification products were sequenced and analyzed with bioinformatics software.The results showed that the full-length G gene sequences of 8 positive samples were obtained by RT-PCR amplification,sequencing and splicing.The homology of eight G gene sequences from Guizhou Province were between 87.4％ -99.9％ and 83.3.％- 100％ on nucleotide and deduced amino acid level,respectively,and the highest homology were found with the genotype 1 strains ( 86.5 ％- 87.0％ for nucleotide and 83.3 ％- 100 ％ for amino acid) among genotype 1- 7 representative strains.Besides,phylogenetic analysis based on the G gene indicated that the relationship of 8 strains derived from Guizhou were closest to genotype 1 Lyssavirus,and the strains of Guizhou were very close to the strains come from Hubei,Hunan,Anhui,Guangxi,Jiangsu provinces and Shanghai,except for GZ01 and GZ09.Moreover,GZ09 were evolutionarily closed to the strains come from Malaysia and Thailand,while the remaining sequences were closed to the strain of Indonesia.This study confirmed on the G gene level that rabies virus epidemic strains circulated in Guizhou Province in recent years belonged to rabies virus genotype 1 and the evolutionary relationship with reported strains come from different provinces of China and different countries were revealed in this study.It will provide scientific basis for effective control and prevention of human and animal rabies in Guizhou Province.

Objective To confirm the death of a child injured by a dog was due to rabies and to understand the molecular biologic features of rabies virus in Kaili,Guizhou province.Methods Brain tissue samples of patient and dog were collected to detect the rabies virus by direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) and RT-nested PCR assay.Homology and phylogenetic tree were analyzed based on the whole nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of N gene of rabies virus followed by molecular epidemiological analysis.Results Both the human and dog brain tissue samples were confirmed positive by DFA and RT-nested PCR assay.The homology analysis of N gene sequences among GZH,GZD and other epidemic and vaccine rabies strains isolated from other provinces and other countries indicated that the detected samples shared the highest homology with the strain detected in Anlong prefecture in Guizhou in the year of 2006,and the homology between GZH and GZD was as high as 100％.Besides,among the vaccine strains,GZH and GZD showed the highest homology with strain CNT.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the two samples were very close and belonged to genetype 1 lyssavirus,with the closest relationship between samples reported in Guizhou and Beijing.Conclusion It was confirmed on the viral molecular level that both the human and dog in Kaili were suffered from rabies,and the pathogens were genetype 1 lyssavirus.The prevalent strains in Kaili city was probably imported from other prefectures of Guizhou province,suggesting that prevention and control measures on rabies in Guizhou province should be strengthened.

Objective To study the differences of glycoprotein gene (G gene) between rabies virus epidemic strains of Guizhou province in recent years and vaccine strains,and to provide scientific basis for the development of rabies vaccine and establishment of effective control and prevention measures.Methods RT-PCR assay was used to amplify the G gene of rabies positive brain tissues samples of human and dog derived from Guizhou province in recent years.The amplification products were sequenced and comparatively analyzed with that of vaccine strains by using bioinformatics software.Results Eight full-length G gene sequences were obtained by RT-PCR amplification,sequencing and splicing.The homogeny of G gene between 8 epidemic strains of Guizhou province and 9 vaccine strains were 82.0％-94.1％ and 87.6％-97.5％ on nucleotide and deduced amino acid level,respectively,and the highest homogeny were found with the human vaccine strain CTN (87.0％-94.1％ for nucleotide and 93.7.％-97.5％ for amino acid) among the 6 human rabies vaccine strains,while highest homogeny were found with strain Flury (83.9％-84.6％ for nucleotide and 91.1％-93.0％ for amino acid) among the three animal vaccine strains.Besides,among the 8 epidemic strains from Guizhou province,strain GZ09 collected in the year of 2005 was of the highest homogeny with human rabies vaccine strain CTN and animal rabies vaccine strain Flury,while strain GZ30 collected in the year of 2010 was of lowest homogeny with human rabies vaccine strain CTN and animal rabies vaccine strain Flury.Moreover,phylogenetic analysis based on the G gene indicated that the relationship of 8 epidemic strains derived from Guizhou,the 9 vaccine strains and genotype 1 Lyssavirus were clustered to a same branch.Vaccine strain CTN among the 9 vaccine strains was closest to the 8 epidemic strains,and the other 8 vaccine strains were relatively more distant from the epidemic strains of Guizhou province.In addition,phylogenetic analysis indicated that among the 8 epidemic strains from Guizhou province,strain GZ09 collectcd in the year of 2005 was of closest evolutionary relationship to CTN,while the other 7 epidemic strains were relatively more distant from CTN.Conclusion This study confirmed on the G gene level that rabies virus strains circulated in Guizhou province in recent years and the vaccine strains used in China belonged to rabies virus genotype 1,and the virus strains circulated in Guizhou province in recent years is of smallest difference with the human vaccine strain CTN and animal vaccine strain Flury.Besides,as time goes on,the difference between the epidemic strain and the vaccine strains becomes more and more obvious.The results of this study will provide scientific basis for the development of rabies vaccine and establishment of effective control and prevention measures.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the combination of oxaliplatin,ifosfamide and epirubicin(IAP)in treatment of recurrent or platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients.Methods A total of 25 patients received the combined chemotherapy of ifosfamide(3-4 g/m2),epirubicin(50-60 mg/m2)and oxaliplatin(130 mg/m2).The cycles were repeated every 21 days.The efficacy and toxicity were evaluated in 21 patients who received more than 2 cycles of IAP chemotherapy.Results The overall response rate was 71%,with a complete response in 10(48%),partial response in 5(24%),stable disease in one(5%),and disease progression in 5(24%).The median progression-free and overall survival time were 11(1 to 33)months and 31(1 to 71)months.While overall response rate was 60%in 10 patients with primary platinum resistant,and 88%in 8 patients with secondary platinumresistant.Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ myelosuppression rate wss 30%.The most common non-hematologic toxicity was perineurotoxicity(38%).Conclusions The combination of oxaliplatin,ifasfamide and epirubicin appears to be effective for recurrent or platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients as salvage chemotherapy and the toxicity is also tolerable.However,it needs to be evaluated by multiple clinical trials.

Objective To investigate whether the change of serum tumor markers profile after chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian carcinoma and evaluate the clinical significance. Methods The levels of CA125, CA19-9 and CP2 before and after initial surgery, during primary chemotherapy and follow-up were serially measured and analyzed retrospectively in 28 cases of recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients and 20 cases of primary chemo-resistant ovarian carcinoma patients from Jan 1999 to July 2007. According to whether the change of serum tumor markers profile, all the patients were divided into two groups: marker changed-group and marker un-changed group. The average follow up period was 25 months. Results (1) The changes of tumor marker profile were included the number and (or) types of markers, which included 13 cases (46%, 13/28) of the recurred cases and 9 cases (45%, 9/20) of the primary chemo-resistant cases. (2) For recurrent ovarian carcinoma changed tumor marker profile, the highest pathology type was serous histological type (77%, 10/13 ), while was mucinous histological type (4/9) for primary chemo-resistant patients. (3) For recurred patients, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) in marker changed-group (22.2 and 60.0 months) were significantly longer than that in marker un-changed group (17.4, 46.0 months; P<0.05). For primary chemo-resistant ovarian carcinoma patients, median OS in marker changed-group (15.9 months) was significantly shorter than that in marker un-changed group (25.0 months; P<0.05 ). Conclusion The profile of serum tumor makers in epithelial ovarian carcinoma may be changed after chemotherapy, which should be concomitantly determinate different serum tumor markers for monitoring the response to chemotherapy and follow-up of patients.

Objective:To study the effect of left atrioventricular interphase (LAVI) via esophageal electrocardiogram on cardiac function after dual-chamber pacemaker implantation in patients with high-degree atrioventricular block.Methods:Using a prospective approach, 40 patients with high-degree atrioventricular block who would undergo dual-chamber pacemaker implantation from January 2017 to March 2018 in Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University were enrolled. All patients accepted esophageal electrocardiogram tests at 3 months after the implantation, to exam the interatrial conduction time (IACT) of sinus rhythm and pacing rhythm, and interventricular conduction time (IVCT). Then based on the outcome of the echocardiography test, the optimal atrioventricular delay (AVD) of the pacemaker of each patient was determined while the LAVI differed from 100 ms to 150 ms. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), peak speed of blood flow velocity in early mitral orifice diastole (E), E peak deceleration time (EDT), peak speed of early mitral annular diastolic movement (e′), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and left atrial volume (LAV) were tested by echocardiogram before implantation, before AVD adjustment at 3 months after implantation, after AVD adjustment at 3 months after implantation, and 6, 12, and 18 months after implantation. Then, the left atrial volume index (LAV/body surface area) and E/e′ were calculated.Results:Among the 40 patients, the IACT of sinus rhythm was (55.55 ± 10.33) ms, the IACT of pacing rhythm was (93.95 ± 12.77) ms, and the mean IVCT was (63.20 ± 17.84) ms; the optimal LAVI was 110 to 150 (132.00 ± 10.43) ms, and notably, the optimal LAVI between 120 and 140 ms was 82.5% (33/40). The LVEF, EDT, IVRT, left atrial volume index and E/e′ from before AVD adjustment of 3 months after implantation to follow-up endpoint (18 months after implantation) were significantly improved compared with those before implantation, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01); the EDT and IVRT after AVD adjustment at 3 months after implantation were significantly improved than those before AVD adjustment at 3 months after implantation: (142.15 ± 35.58) ms vs. (125.94 ± 31.13) ms and (119.52 ± 22.15) ms vs. (133.92 ± 23.87) ms, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05); the IVRT and left atrial volume index 18 months after implantation were significantly improved compared with those before AVD adjustment at 3 months after implantation: (122.07 ± 16.99) ms vs. (133.92 ± 23.87) and 32.94 ± 3.22 vs. 35.43 ± 5.76, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Optimizing the LAVI after dual-chamber pacemaker implantation via esophageal electrocardiogram can improve the long-term prognosis of patients with high-degree atrioventricular block.