1.Exploration and practice on pharmacology teaching for international medical students
Yueli LIU ; Shijiao YAN ; Yidi HUANG ; Zhiyuan ZHANG ; Rong CHEN
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research 2011;10(10):1220-1221
With more and more international medical students studying medicine in China,international medical education becomes an important part of Chinese medical education.By integration of basic and clinical pharmacology,the teaching mode of theory,experiment,problem based learning and seminar was applied to the international medical students according to their characteristics and specificity.75%,80% and 70% of the total international medical students respectively passed the two consecutive final exams and one pharmacology group exam.Through the teaching of pharmacology for international medical students major in MBBS,this author aims to explore the teaching mode of pharmacology for the international medical students.
2.Transpopliteal vein interventional treatment for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis
Xiaojun DENG ; Hongwen ZHANG ; Shijiao DUAN ; Yan XIAO ; Weihua XIE
Clinical Medicine of China 2012;28(9):964-966
ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical value of the pumping and popliteal vein thrombosis contact thrombolytic treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(LEDVT).MethodsFor thirty deep venous thrombosis patients with ipsilateral popliteal vein approach through a comprehensive intervention,the line of the inferior vena cava filter was implanted under the premise of first balloon mechanical thrombus fragmentation and thrombus aspiration by 10 F improved the inferior vena cava stents conveying sheath,followed by the line of contact thrombolytic therapy.Four patients underwent iliac vein in the thrombolytic treatment of stent implantation.Vein patency and venous patency score and health and poor limb circumference difference were used to assess efficacy of treatment.Patients were followed up for at least 1 year.ResultsThe technical success rate was 100%.At six months after sugery,the mean lower limb circumference difference of the 30 patients was< 1.5 cm.Lower limb venous angiography showed significantly improved vein patency score [ (9.5 ± 2.6) vs.(3.6 ± 2.1 ),Z =1.65,P < 0.01 ].Venous patency rate was ( 69.5 ± 13.2) %.No serious complications during treatment and the period of follow-up.Conclusion Transpopliteal vein interventional treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis is simple,safe and effective.
3.The Chinese guideline for management of snakebites
World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024;15(5):333-355
In 2009, the World Health Organization included snakebite on the list of neglected tropical diseases, acknowledging it as a common occupational hazard for farmers, plantation workers, and others, causing tens of thousands of deaths and chronic physical disabilities every year. This guideline aims to provide practical information to help clinical professionals evaluate and treat snakebite victims. These recommendations are based on clinical experience and clinical research evidence. This guideline focuses on the following topics: snake venom, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, diagnosis, treatments, and prevention.
4.Structure and immunomodulation activity of a novel mannose binding lectin from housefly pupae.
Chunling WANG ; Yan XIA ; Shijiao ZHANG ; Lirui WANG ; Xiaohong CAO
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2013;29(5):601-611
We purified a novel mannose binding lectin form Musca domestica pupae by affinity chromatography on Con A-Sepharose 4B and DEAE weak anion-exchange chromatography. By SDS-PAGE, MBL-1 yielded a single band with the molecular weight of 24 kDa. It was a glycoprotein detected by periodic acid-schiffs staining reaction, with 97.36% protein and 2.1% oligosaccharide. Meanwhile, the results of beta-elimination reaction, infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and protein sequencing instrument show that MBL-1 was an ellipsoidal-shaped monomer with 60-100 nm in diameter. N-glycoside bond linked oligosaccharide chain and the N-terminal blocked peptide chain. Further study suggested that MBL-1 promote the proliferation of macrophage in a concentration-dependent manner. The scanning electron microscope analysis shows that MBL-1 promoted the activation of macrophages. These results show that MBL-1 purified from Musca domestica pupae possesses immune regulation effect, serving a reference basis to develop natural immune-modulator.
Animals
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Glycoproteins
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analysis
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Houseflies
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chemistry
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Immunomodulation
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immunology
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physiology
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Macrophages
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immunology
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Mannose-Binding Lectin
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chemistry
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physiology
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Oligosaccharides
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analysis
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Pupa
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chemistry
5.Influenza-like illnesses and their etiological characteristics in Minhang District of Shanghai during 2010 to 2021
Shijiao HOU ; Hongjing YAN ; Shanshan ZHEN ; Zhihan WANG ; Yinghua ZHANG ; Chen SUO
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology 2022;42(12):965-972
Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and the etiological characteristics of influenza viruses in Minhang District of Shanghai from 2010 to 2021.Methods:The surveillance data collected by influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals and the influenza laboratory network from the first week of 2010 to the 52 nd week of 2021 were used for a statistical analysis. Results:A total of 122 903 cases with ILI were reported by the national influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Minhang during 2010 to 2021, and the average percentage of ILI cases was 0.94%, showing an increasing trend ( P<0.001). Among them, those aged 0-4, 5-14, 15-24, 25-59 and ≥60 years accounted for 4.35%, 13.30%, 14.30%, 54.32% and 13.73%, respectively. The percentage of ILI showed obvious periodicity. The seasonal incidence of ILI peaked from December to February and from July to September. But the winter peak at the beginning of 2013 was postponed. There was no significant peak in 2021. A total of 11 625 samples were tested from 2010 to 2021, in which the detection rate of influenza viruses was 20.92% (2 432/11 625). The positive rate was 12.83% (1 492/11 625) for influenza A viruses and 8.09% (940/11 625) for influenza B viruses, indicating that the epidemic intensity caused by influenza A viruses was greater than that caused by influenza B viruses. The overall positive rates for influenza A/H3N2 virus, influenza A/H1N1 virus, influenza B/Victoria lineage and influenza B/Yamagata lineage were 9.04% (1 051/11 625), 3.79% (441/11 625), 2.69% (313/11 625) and 2.19% (255/11 625) during 2010 to 2021. The predominant circulating strains altered between influenza A and influenza B viruses in Minhang District of Shanghai during 2010 to 2019. It generally took six months for an epidemic strain to be replaced by a new one. No obvious regularity was observed in 2020 or 2021. The tendency of the incidence of ILI reported from 2010 to 2019 was basically the same as that of the positive rate of influenza viruses, while there were significant differences in 2020 and 2021. Conclusions:Influenza viruses circulated seasonally in Minhang District of Shanghai with alternating prevalent viral subtypes and the infections mostly occurred in the winter and summer seasons. During the epidemic of COVID-19, the intensity of influenza was decreased, but with the normalization of prevention and control measures, the influenza epidemic showed an obvious upward trend. Therefore, it was important to strengthen the prevention and monitoring of influenza and analyze the virus variations in time.
6.A cross-sectional and factor analysis study on HIV, HBV and HIV/HBV infection in a Yi Prefecture, southwest China
Yan SHI ; Yibiao ZHOU ; Shijiao NIE ; Aihui YANG ; Penglei XIAO ; Xiuxia SONG ; Qingwu JIANG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2014;35(9):1032-1036
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors on HIV,HBV infection of people from the southwest province of China and to provide basic data for the development of related strategies.Methods According to the information on current HIV epidemics,one township from the area was selected as the study field and all the adult population were surveyed using a questionnaire to collect social demographic data and information on infection-related factors.Results A total of 2 290 adults were investigated and data showed as follows:the average HIV infection rate as 7.9%,the average HBV infection rate as 3.1%,and the average HIV/HBV co-infection rate as 1.2%.As for HIV infection,people whose yearly family gross income between 1 000 and 3 000 Yuan (OR=0.28) or more than 5 000 Yuan (OR=0.14) were less likely to be infected with HIV than those people whose annual family gross income less than 1 000 Yuan.People with educational level of primary school and above were more likely to carry HIV than those who were illiterate (OR =3.28).People who had the history of migration were less likely to carry HIV than those who had not (OR=0.33).People who had the history of being drug abusers were more likely to infect HIV than those who had not (OR=46.32).People whose spouses had the history of using drugs were more likely to infect HIV than those who had not (OR=3.52).People whose spouses had been infected with HIV were more likely to infect HIV than those who had not (OR=9.56).As for HBV infection,people who had the history of migration were more likely to infect HBV (OR =2.48).As for HIV/HBV co-infection,people whose spouses had the history of HIV infection were more likely to infect HIV/HBV co-infection than others who did not have the history (OR=6.04).Conclusion There had been a serious HIV/AIDS epidemic in our study field.Other than taking measures as detection and vaccination on HBV,health education should be strengthened,together with measurements as needle exchange and methadone substitution therapy,to control the spread of AIDS.
7.Exploring the Mechanism of Action of Qizhu Kang'ai Formula (芪术抗癌方) for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Ruolan SUN ; Yan LIANG ; Fan ZHAO ; Shijiao ZHU ; Linlu WAN ; Xu WANG ; Qihang YIN ; Gang YIN ; Decai TANG
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024;65(4):404-413
ObjectiveTo explore the potential molecular mechanism of Qizhu Kang'ai Formula (芪术抗癌方, QZKAF) for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). MethodsNetwork pharmacology was used to analyze the active ingredients and targets of QZKAF for CRC, and analyze the key targets of QZKAF for the treatment of CRC by gene function annotation (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Molecular docking was applied to predict the binding activity of the core active ingredients to the key targets. A orthotopic transplantation tumor mice model of CRC was established to validate the key targets of QZKAF for CRC obtained from network pharmacology analysis. Forty-eight mice were randomly divided into the sham operation group, the model group, the 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) group, and the QZKAF low-, medium-, and high-dose groups, with 8 mice in each group. Except for the sham operation group, the remaining groups underwent colon cancer orthotopic transplantation tumor modeling. The 5-Fu group was given 30 mg/kg of 5-Fu by intraperitoneal injection once every 3 days on the alternate day after modeling, while the QZKAF low-, medium-, and high-dose groups were given 2.925, 5.85, and 11.7 g/(kg·d) of QZKAF by gastric gavage, respectively, and the sham-operation group and the model group were gavaged with 0.1 ml/10 g of normal saline every day, all for 21 days. The in situ tumors mass and the number of liver metastases were compared between the groups. The pathological changes of colon tumor tissues were observed by HE staining, and the protein expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 1 (PTPN1), vinculin, integrin subunit αν, integrin subunit β3, and E-cadherin were detected in colon tumor tissues by Western blot. ResultsNetwork pharmacology screening yielded that the top six core active ingredients of QZKAF intervening in CRC were quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, luteolin, baicalein and ursolic acid. There were 212 targets of action, and the ranked top three were prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1), prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and PTPN1, which may be the key targets of QZKAF in the treatment of CRC. These key targets were significantly enriched mainly in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathway, focal adhesion and adhesion junction. Molecular docking results: except for PTGS1 with better binding activity to quercetin, kaempferol, and apigenin (binding energy ≥