Early diagnosis and screening are of great significance for improving the prognosis of patients with lung cancer. Low-dose helical computed tomography (LDCT) reduces lung cancer mortality by about 20％, making it the most effective screening tool. However, high false-positive rates, costs, and potential harms highlight the need for complementary biomarkers. The diagnostic performance of biomarkers such as noninvasive autoantibody and plasma/serum microRNA (miRNA) were shown in several studies, making them approved for early diagnosis in our country, Europe and the United States, and their role in screening is being explored in ongoing studies.

AIM: To investigate the effects of Tangmoning (TMN) Granule on nerve conduction velocity, red blood cell sorbitol (RBC S) level in diabetic rats and probe the mechanism of prevention and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. METHODS: The model of diabetic rat was induced by strepotozotocin. The animals were randomly divided into six groups:TMN minimal dose group, TMN mild moderate dose group, TMN maximal dose group, methycobal group, model group and normal control group. All TMN groups were treated with TMN Granule through tube feeding (2.95 g/kg、5.90g/kg、11.80g/kg). Methycobal group was treated with methycobal tablets through tube feeding (0.14mg/kg). The duration of treatment was 3 weeks. The caudal nerve conduction velocity, RBC S content were investigated before and after treatment. RESULTS: It showed that TMN Granule could increase the caudal nerve conduction velocity significantly in the maximal dose group and the mild moderate dose gorup ( P

Drug-induced Parkinsonism (DIP) is a common complication of antipsychotic drugs, calcium channel antagonists, gastrointestinal prokinetic drugs, and antiepileptic drugs and the most common secondary Parkinsonism in the elderly. DIP caused by various drugs is not uncommon in clinic. However, it is easy to omit diagnosis and treatment. Withdrawal of offending drugs is the main treatment and lower risk drugs should be switched if the drug in use cannot be discontinued. The advances in definition, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis of DIP are reviewed in this paper, in order to improve cognition for this curable iatrogenic disease in clinical practice.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of 52 patients with septate uterus were retrospectively analyzed.There were 19 cases of complete septate uterus and 32 cases of partial septate uterus confirmed by hysteroscopy or hysteroscopy combined with laparoscopy,and 1 case without surgery.According to MRI findings,19 cases were diagnosed as complete septate uterus,32 cases as partial septate uterus and 1 case as intrauterine adhesion.The results indicated that MRIcan be used in diagnosis of septate uterus.

Aim To establish an UPLC-ESI-MS method for determination of asiaticoside and investigate its application to pharmacokinetic study in rats.Methods Eight rats were given 40 mg·kg~(-1) asiaticoside iv respectively.Drug plasma concentration was determined by UPLC-ESI-MS.Pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated.Results Calibration curves were linear over 0.038～7.6 mg·L~(-1) and LLOQ was 38 μg·L~(-1),the recoveries of asiaticoside from plasma were larger than 95%,and RSD of inter-day and intra-day assay were below 10%.After iv administration of 40 mg·kg~(-1) asiaticoside,the pharmacokinetic parameters of AUC(0-t),T(1)/(2)β,CL,Vd were (81 443.67±57 156.81) μg·L~(-1)·min~(-1),(23.44±9.60) min,(0.19±0.07) L·min~(-1)·kg~(-1),(8.92±6.68) L·kg~(-1),respectively.Conclusion The method described in this report was sensitive and specific,and suitable for pharmacokinetic studies of asiaticoside in rats.

Objective To explore the risk factors of ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer (UC-CRC).Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 536 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) who were admitted to the Henan Tumor Hospital from March 2004 to June 2015 were collected.Observation indicators:(1) follow-up results:cases with follow-up,follow-up time,cases of UC-CRC,age of onset,pathological type of UC-CRC;(2) risk factors analysis affecting occurrence of UC-CRC:gender,age of onset,course of disease,severity of disease,disease classification,extent of lesion,smoking history,family history of colorectal cancer,anemia,hypoproteinemia,body weight loss,extraintestinal manifestations,colonic polyps,backwash ileitis,atypical hyperplasia,anxiety or depression,treatment method and regular endoscopy reexamination.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect prognosis of patients up to April 2017.Patients underwent colonoscopy once every 6 months within 3 years after diagnosis and once every 1 year after 3 years.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range).The univariate analysis was done using the chi-square test and Fisher exact probability.The multivariate analysis was done using the Logistic regression model.Results (1) Follow-up results:of 536 patients,450 were followed up for 26.0-120.0 months,with a median time of 76.4 months.During the follow-up,16 patients were complicated with UC-CRC,including 9 males and 7 females.Age of onset of colorectal cancer was 14-78 years,with an average age of onset of 44 years.Pathological type:high-differentiated right colon adenocarcinoma was detected in 5 patients,high-and moderate-differentiated left colon adenocarcinoma in 3 patients,left colon signetring cell carcinoma in 2 patients,moderate-differentiated rectal tubular adenocarcinoma in 3 patients,highdifferentiated rectal papillary adenocarcinoma in 2 patients and malignant lymphoma in 1 patient.(2) Risk factors analysis affecting occurrence of UC-CRC:the results of univariate analysis showed that course of disease,extent of lesion,colonic polyps and atypical hyperplasia were risk factors affecting occurrence of UC-CRC (x2 =14.848,18.885,10.554,P＜0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that course of disease ＞ 10 years,lesion involving the whole colon,colonic polyps and atypical hyperplasia were independent risk factors affecting occurrence of UC-CRC (OR=12.893,17.847,7.326,19.742,95％ confidence interval:1.726-74.337,1.445-89.793,1.263-43.128,3.625-96.524,P＜0.05).Conclusion The course of disease ＞ 10 years,lesion involving the whole colon,atypical hyperplasia and colonic polyps are independent risk factors affecting occurrence of UC-CRC.

Objective To analyze clinical and genetic risk factors of refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients,and evaluate the efficacy of reinduction of chemotherapy.Methods 296 newly diagnosed AML patients,including 89 refractory or relapsed cases,were observed with clinical characteristics.And the efficiency of different reinduction chemotherapy regimens were compared.Results Compared with the non-refractory or relapsed AML,age,complex karyotype and Fms like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) gene mutations were risk factors of relapsed or refractory AML (P ＜ 0.05).Seventy-eight refractory and relapsed AML patients received reinduction therapy.The overall response rate (the complete response rate and the partial response rate) was 44.90 ％ (30/78).All reinduction regimens were divided into three categories:using the initial induction scheme or using new induction scheme including some chemotherapeutics without cross-resistance (regimen A),using the induction regimen containing medium-or high-dose cytarabine (regimen B),and using priming regimen containing of G-CSF,cytarabine,aclacinomycin or homoharringtonine (regimen C).Their overall response rate were 35.12 ％ (13/37),61.90 ％ (13/21) and 45.00 ％ (9/20),respectively,in which the overall response rate of regimen B was statistically higher than regimen A (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Age,complex karyotype and FLT3-ITD mutation were important causes of relapsed or refractory AML.The overall response rates were different among three different reinduction regimens.It is helpful to improve the overall response rate of reinduction therapy to use the regimen containing medium-or high-dose cytarabine,which was more suitable for young patients.For patients with poor tolerance,the priming regimen suit was more helpful to improve the overall response rate.

Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) is a common problem in clinic and there is no satisfactory method for prevention or treatment of I/R injury so far. Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH), similar to the concept of ischemia preconditioning (IPC)or altitude hypoxia adaptation (AHA), has been recognized to confer a protective effect on heart against I/R injury with a longer protective effect than IPC and a less adverse effect than AHA. It has been proved that CIHH increases myocardial tolerance to ischemia or hypoxia, reserving cardiac function and preventing arrhythmia during I/R. Multiple mechanisms or pathway underlying the cardiac protection of CIHH have been proposed, such as induction of heat-shock protein, enhancement of myocardial antioxidation capacity, increase of coronary flow and myocardial capillary angiogenesis, activation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channels, inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, and activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In addition, CIHH has been found having many beneficial effects on the body, such as promotion of health, increase of oxygen utilization, and prevention or treatment for some diseases. The beneficial effects of CIHH and potential mechanisms are reviewed mainly based on the researches performed by our group.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; metabolism ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Myocardial Ischemia ; physiopathology ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Potassium Channels ; metabolism ; Protein Kinase C ; metabolism ; Reperfusion Injury ; physiopathology

Abstract: To develop novel live attenuated influenza vaccine, we explored the feasibility to attenuate influenza virus by codon deoptimization of NS1. According to the codon usage bias in influenza A virus, we designed and synthesized a condon-deoptimized NS gene by substituting codons of 110 amino acids in the NS1 gene of A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1) with unpreferred synonymous codons. The influenza A virus with the codon deoptimized NS1 gene (deoNS virus) was rescued by reverse genetics. Plaque forming assay and virus growth curve showed that the growth of deoNS virus was reduced about 1000 times in MDCK cells compared to that of the wild-type virus. Intranasal inoculation with deoNS virus did not cause death or evident disease in infected BALB/c mice. Furthermore, the virus titer in the lungs of mice infected with deoNS virus was significantly lower (i.e. 100-1000 times) than that of wild-type virus. Our results indicated that influenza virus could be effectively attenuated by synonymous codon deoptimization of NS1 gene. This strategy will be useful to develop new attenuated candidates for the production of live attenuated influenza vaccines.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chick Embryo ; Codon ; genetics ; Influenza A virus ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Influenza Vaccines ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Recombination, Genetic ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; immunology ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; genetics ; Virulence ; genetics

Objective:To detect and analyze the infections of respiratory pathogens in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods:Through retrospective analysis, 335 AECOPD patients hospitalized from October 2016 to September 2018 in the First People′s Hospital of Pinghu were selected.The indirect immunofluorescence method was used to detect IgM antibody of eight kinds of respiratory pathogens, and the results were analyzed.Results:The positive rate of respiratory pathogens-IgM antibody in patients with AECOPD was 29.9%.There were 57 cases with one single pathogen infection, 36 cases with two pathogens mixed infection, 7 cases with three kinds of pathogens mixed infection.The influenza virus B [52.0%(78/150)] was the most common, followed by influenza virus A [27.3%(41/150)], the positive rates of pathogens were influenza virus B>influenza virus A>respiratory syncytial virus>parainfluenza virus>Legionella pneumophila>Mycoplasma pneumoniae>Chlamydia pneumoniae>adenovirus.There was no statistically significant difference in different age groups(χ 2=0.047, P=0.829). The positive rates of pathogens-IgM in spring[55.3%(63/114)] and winter[58.1%(54/93)] were higher than those in summer[26.2%(16/61)] and autumn[25.4%(17/67)], the differences were statistically significant(χ 2=30.398, P<0.01). Conclusion:AECOPD is closely related with respiratory pathogens, especially influenza virus.We should do preventive work well in epidemic season.