Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Hainan from 2015 to 2021, and to predict the incidence trends among different populations, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hepatitis B based on the epidemiological characteristics and prediction. Methods　Descriptive epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Hainan were analyzed, and the incidence of hepatitis B among different populations in Hainan was studied based on the grey prediction model and polynomial model. The optimal model was selected by the principle of least absolute mean relative error, and future incidences were predicted. Results　The reported incidence of hepatitis B in Hainan Province from 2015 to 2019 basically showed an annual upward trend, but a decreasing trend was observed in 2020. From 2017 to 2021, the reported incidence rates in the age groups of 0-<15 and 15-<30 showed a declining trend, while the incidence of the age groups of 60-<75 and ≥75 years old basically stabilized in Hainan. The annual average number and annual incidence of the population aged 30-<45 and 45-<60 were both higher. The male-to-female sex ratio of the annual average reported incidence of hepatitis B was approximately 2:1. Among the various occupations, the incidence was mainly among farmers, with an annual average proportion of hepatitis B of 43.06%. Regional disparities in the number of reported annual hepatitis B cases were found, with 5 cities decreasing year by year, 1 city increasing first and then decreasing, 2 cities being stable and other cities increasing year by year. The predicted incidence rates for 2022-2024 years were 127.43/100 000, 116.05/100 000, and 102.09/100 000, respectively. Conclusions　In recent years, the incidence of hepatitis B among people under 30 years old in Hainan Province has shown a decreasing trend, indicating that policies such as hepatitis B vaccine included in the immunization program for children in Hainan have a good effect on the prevention and control of hepatitis B. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on strengthening the prevention and control of the high incidence rate in the age groups and gender. The existence of regional differences in the incidence of Hepatitis B suggests that comprehensive prevention and control measures should be continued to strengthen in areas where the incidence is increasing year by year, such as knowledge and health promotion of hepatitis B prevention and control, screening treatment, and vaccinatio.

Taking 5 modes of large-scale X-ray apparatus as examples including GE TX-Ⅲ 500mA, Shimadzu ED125L 500 mA, GE VR 500 mA, Siemens Tridoros 5S 1 000 mA, Siemens Heliophos 5S 500 mA, the replacement techniques are introduced in such aspects as the preparation of rooms and tools before replacement, disassembly, transport, reinstallation, electrifying and test. Cooperation of personnel is an important factor to smoothly complete the task.

Objective It is important to precisely determinate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in many genes in‐cluding genes related with base excision repair (BER) pathway .This research is conducted to evaluate the role of polymerase chain reaction with confronting two‐pair primers (PCR‐CTPP) in analyzing the SNPs of BER pathway .Methods Four common SNPs of BER pathway (OGG1 Ser326Cys ,XRCC1 Arg399Gln ,APE1 Asp148Glu and‐141T/G in the promoter region) was detected with PCR‐CTPP .10 of the products were sent for genotype sequencing .Compare the results of PCR and sequencing to evaluate the accu‐racy of PCR‐CTPP .Results The genotypes were exactly the same as the sequencing .Conclusion The PCR‐CTPP was a reliable and rapid detective technology for SNPs genotyping .Its broadest application would be great help for gene variant analysis .

Objective To develop a CAD system for breast augmentation in order to improve the effect and raise patients' satisfaction.Methods 3D data of breast were collected by computer-aided projecting fringe measurement,and a CAD software system for breast surface 3D reconstruction and breast augmentation was developed under AutoCAD.Results A CAD system for breast augmentation was developed.Conclusion The system,which can provide a visual direction for the design of breast augmentation,has many advantages such as non-contact,speediness,accuracy,direct-view,etc.

Objective To analyze the expression characteristics of chemotherapeutic related genes (ERCC1 ,BRCA1 ,APE1 , RRM1 ,TUBB3 and TS) in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and their associations with the pathological types to provide the ex-perimental evidences for clinical individual chemotherapy .Methods The immunohistochemical SP method was used to determine the expression of ERCC1 ,BRCA1 ,APE1 ,RRM1 ,TUBB3 and TS genes in 733 patients with NSCLC .Chi-square test was performed to analyze the gene expression characteristics among different pathological types .Spearman relationship was conducted to evaluate the associations among the six genes and different pathological types .Results The expression of BRCA1 ,TUBB3 and TS had sta-tistical differences among three pathological types (P<0 .01);and these three genes showed a relationship with the pathological type (r=0 .107 ,-0 .229 and 0 .168 ,respectively ,P<0 .01) .ERCC1 vs .BRCA1 ,ERCC1 vs .APE1 and APE1 vs .RRM1 showed the pos-itive correlation(r=0 .214 ,0 .316 and 0 .222 ,respectively ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion The chemotherapeutic related gene expressions of NSCLC are related with the clinical pathological types .And the expressions of multiple markers are associated with each other .The combined detection of the chemotherapeutic related markers and the pathological types would be helpful to the decision making of individual chemotherapy in clinic .

Objective To explore mechanical property changes of methyl vinyl silicone rubber modified by ferric nanoparticles and its dispersed phase.Methods Mechanical properties such as Shore A hardness,tensile strength,elongation at break,tearing rate of permanent deformation and tearing strength of pre-prepared ironic nanoparticle enhanced silicone rubber and carbon-coated ferric particle reinforced silicone rubber were tested according to national standards.A thermal field emission scanning electron microscope (TFE-SEM) was used to investigate the morphology of both surface and fracture of the composite materials and to observe the dispersion of ferric nanoparticles in them.Results Mean values of Shore A hardness,tensile strength,elongation at break,tearing permanent deformation rate and tear strength of modified composites increased with the increasing amounts of ferric nanoparticles,however,when the quota of ironic nanoparticles in the composite formula were greater than 17 phr,carbon-coated ferric nanoparticles more than 19 phr,the mean values of tensile strength of two composites stopped increasing and presented the declining trend.When the quota of ferric nanoparticles in the formula exceeding 15 phr,the mean values of elongation at break and tear strength began to decrease in the formula ratio of silicone rubber/ferric nanoparticles up to 85:15,while the Shore A hardness of samples increased all the way.Ferric nanoparticles dispersed evenly on the surface of composites.Nanopowder aggregation in the fracture surface of both composites could be observed at the formula ratio of 85:15 of silicone rubber/iron nanoparticle and 87:13 of silicone rubber/carbon-coated iron specimen.Conclusion Effect of iron nanapareticles and carbon-coated ferric nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of the reinforced methyl vinyl silicone rubber depends on the nanoparticle size,additive amount and agglomeration.

Objective To construct a structural equation model to analyze the effect of various factors on the quality of life in stroke patients.Methods In this cross-sectional study,a total of 657 stroke patients from 2 ter-tiary A hospitals in Shanghai were enrolled as investigation subjects via convenience sampling methodology.General information questionnaire,Sense of Coherence Scale-13,Perceived Social Support Scale,Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,Self-Esteem Scale and Stroke-Specific Quality of Life were utilized as the investigating tools;Mplus 7.4 was used to construct a structural equation model.Results The aver age score of quality of life in stroke patients was(178.30±30.30);neurological status,self-esteem were negatively cor-related with quality of life(P＜0.05);sense of coherence,social support,coping style were positively correlated with quality of life(P＜0.05);sense of coherence,taking a confrontational approach for coping,yielding and neurological status had a direct impact on quality of life(path coefficients were 0.471,0.169、0.135,-0.089,P＜0.05);social sup-port,self-esteem,sense of coherence and neurological status had an indirect impact on quality of life(path coefficients were 0.232,0.108,0.058,-0.058,P＜0.001).Conclusion The quality of life in stroke patients is influenced by multi-ple factors interactively,and sense of coherence is an important factor affecting the quality of life;adopting a confron-tational approach as coping styles,good social support and high self-esteem can improve the level of quality of life.

Objective:To explore the computer-aided navigation technology combined with personalized three-dimensional(3D) printing in the reduction and fixation of the multiple midface fractures.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of patients suffering from multiple midface fractures treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from August 2019 to December 2021. According to the operational method, the patients in the experimental group received the operation applied by AccuNavi-A 2.1 navigation software for surgical planning and surgical simulation, printing 3D head model before the operation, and reducing and fixing fractures with the aid of computer navigation technology. Patients in the control group received the operation applied by traditional surgery. Marking facial landmarks on the head CT 3D model of patients and constructing a spatial coordinate system before and 1 week after surgery, measuring and calculating the facial asymmetry index (AI) for each landmark, including the orbitale (O), the most outside of the zygomaticomaxillary suture of the 1/3 below of the margo infraorbitalis(MZ), the most concave point between the frontal process of zygomatic bone and the superior margin of processus temporalis(C), the most concave point of the superjacent of C of posterior margin of frontal process(SC) and the outermost point of zygomatic arch(Z). The duration of operation were recorded. Complications including diplopia, difficulty in mouth opening, facial numbness, malocclusion, scarring and pupil height were evaluated by patents 3 months after the operations. AI is represented by M( Q1, Q3), Wilcoxon rank test was used for intra-group comparison before and after operations, and Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between two groups. Operation time was represented by Mean±SD, and t-test was used for comparison between two groups. The result of self-assessment of patients’ complications are expressed as cases (%), and the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used. Results:A total of 32 patients were included. There were 16 patients in the experimental group, 9 males and 7 females, aged 17-60 years. There were 16 patients in the control group, 8 males and 8 females, aged 18-65 years. The preoperative O, MZ, C, SC, and Z point in the experimental group were 8.9(6.9, 12.8), 10.0(7.7, 12.6), 7.6(5.9, 14.9), 10.7(7.2, 22.0), 11.2(10.1, 17.4), and 2.2(1.6, 3.4), 2.5(1.7, 3.4), 2.2(1.9, 2.9), 2.6(1.7, 3.1), 2.4(1.4, 2.8). The preoperative O, MZ, C, SC, and Z point in control group were 10.4(8.1, 12.5), 10.5(9.0, 12.6), 6.6(5.3, 8.2), 10.6(8.7, 13.1), 10.9(9.8, 13.4), and the postoperative were 4.0(3.6, 4.8), 4.3(3.8, 5.4), 5.2(4.8, 6.7), 4.3(3.1, 5.1), 4.6(3.2, 5.3). There was no significant difference in AI of each marker point between the two groups before surgery ( P>0.05). The AI of each landmark in the two groups was reduced after operation compared with that before operation to some extent ( P<0.01 or 0.05). The AI of each landmark in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group( P<0.01). The operation time of the experimental group[(3.7±1.1) h] was shorter than that of the control group[(4.8±1.9) h] ( P<0.05). The incidence of scar[12.5% (2/16)] and inconsistent pupil height[6.3% (1/16)] in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group [43.8% (7/16), 37.5% (6/16)] ( P<0.05). And there was no significant difference in other items ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The computer-aided navigation technology combined with personalized 3D printing can shorten the time of operation, expedite the patients’ facial recovery with more symmetry and less likely to have complications.

Objective:To explore the computer-aided navigation technology combined with personalized three-dimensional(3D) printing in the reduction and fixation of the multiple midface fractures.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of patients suffering from multiple midface fractures treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from August 2019 to December 2021. According to the operational method, the patients in the experimental group received the operation applied by AccuNavi-A 2.1 navigation software for surgical planning and surgical simulation, printing 3D head model before the operation, and reducing and fixing fractures with the aid of computer navigation technology. Patients in the control group received the operation applied by traditional surgery. Marking facial landmarks on the head CT 3D model of patients and constructing a spatial coordinate system before and 1 week after surgery, measuring and calculating the facial asymmetry index (AI) for each landmark, including the orbitale (O), the most outside of the zygomaticomaxillary suture of the 1/3 below of the margo infraorbitalis(MZ), the most concave point between the frontal process of zygomatic bone and the superior margin of processus temporalis(C), the most concave point of the superjacent of C of posterior margin of frontal process(SC) and the outermost point of zygomatic arch(Z). The duration of operation were recorded. Complications including diplopia, difficulty in mouth opening, facial numbness, malocclusion, scarring and pupil height were evaluated by patents 3 months after the operations. AI is represented by M( Q1, Q3), Wilcoxon rank test was used for intra-group comparison before and after operations, and Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between two groups. Operation time was represented by Mean±SD, and t-test was used for comparison between two groups. The result of self-assessment of patients’ complications are expressed as cases (%), and the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used. Results:A total of 32 patients were included. There were 16 patients in the experimental group, 9 males and 7 females, aged 17-60 years. There were 16 patients in the control group, 8 males and 8 females, aged 18-65 years. The preoperative O, MZ, C, SC, and Z point in the experimental group were 8.9(6.9, 12.8), 10.0(7.7, 12.6), 7.6(5.9, 14.9), 10.7(7.2, 22.0), 11.2(10.1, 17.4), and 2.2(1.6, 3.4), 2.5(1.7, 3.4), 2.2(1.9, 2.9), 2.6(1.7, 3.1), 2.4(1.4, 2.8). The preoperative O, MZ, C, SC, and Z point in control group were 10.4(8.1, 12.5), 10.5(9.0, 12.6), 6.6(5.3, 8.2), 10.6(8.7, 13.1), 10.9(9.8, 13.4), and the postoperative were 4.0(3.6, 4.8), 4.3(3.8, 5.4), 5.2(4.8, 6.7), 4.3(3.1, 5.1), 4.6(3.2, 5.3). There was no significant difference in AI of each marker point between the two groups before surgery ( P>0.05). The AI of each landmark in the two groups was reduced after operation compared with that before operation to some extent ( P<0.01 or 0.05). The AI of each landmark in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group( P<0.01). The operation time of the experimental group[(3.7±1.1) h] was shorter than that of the control group[(4.8±1.9) h] ( P<0.05). The incidence of scar[12.5% (2/16)] and inconsistent pupil height[6.3% (1/16)] in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group [43.8% (7/16), 37.5% (6/16)] ( P<0.05). And there was no significant difference in other items ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The computer-aided navigation technology combined with personalized 3D printing can shorten the time of operation, expedite the patients’ facial recovery with more symmetry and less likely to have complications.

Objective:To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and not receiving antiviral therapy.Methods:This study retrospectively included CHB patients diagnosed by liver biopsy at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2008 to December 2022. According to the HBV DNA and HBeAg status of "immune tolerance period and immune control period", these patients were divided into three groups: chronic HBV carrier group, inactive HBsAg carrier group and indeterminate group including the patients that did not meet the inclusion criteria of the above two groups. Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups. Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data and ordered categorical data between two groups. Chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Results:A total of 284 CHB patients with normal ALT were enrolled. There were 64, 88 and 132 cases in the chronic HBV carrier group, inactive HBsAg carrier group and indeterminate group, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed that there were 182 (64.08%) cases with pathological inflammation grade (G) and/or fibrosis stage (S)≥2, 155 (54.58%) with S≥2 and 120 (42.25%) with G≥2. The proportion of patients with G and/or S≥2 in the indeterminate group [70.45% (93/132)] was higher than that in the chronic HBV carrier group [48.44% (31/64)] and inactive HBsAg carrier group [65.91% (58/88)] (both P<0.05). Patient′s age and the ratio of patients with S≥2 in the chronic HBV carrier group [33 years old, 39.06% (25/64)] were smaller than those in the inactive HBsAg carrier group [39 years old, 56.82% (50/88)] and the indeterminate group [39 years old, 60.61% (80/132)] (all P<0.05). Patients in the inactive HBsAg carrier group (19 U/L) had lower ALT levels than those in the chronic HBV carrier group (26 U/L) and the indeterminate group (23 U/L) (both P<0.05). The proportion of patients with cytoplasmic/cytoplasmic nuclear-type HBcAg was higher in patients with G and/or S≥2 than in patients with G and S<2 [73.08% (57/78) vs 32.08% (17/53), P<0.05], and the proportion of patients with cytoplasmic/cytoplasmic nuclear-type HBcAg increased gradually with age. The proportion of patients with cytoplasmic/cytoplasmic nuclear-type HBcAg was higher in patients with G and/or S≥2 than in patients with G and S<2 in the chronic HBV carrier status and indeterminate groups [93.33% (28/30) vs 43.33%(13/30), P<0.05; 59.46% (22/37) vs 12.50% (2/16); both P<0.05]. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of significant liver injury between patients≤ 30 years old and >30 years old [52.7% (39/74) vs 68.1% (143/210), P<0.05]. Conclusions:Significant liver injury occurred in 64.08% (182/284) of CHB patients with normal ALT not receiving antiviral therapy, which required the attention of clinicians. Among CHB patients with normal ALT, the expression site of HBcAg in hepatocytes was related to the occurrence of significant liver injury and could be expected to serve as an important indicator for predicting the patient′s status and the necessity of antiviral treatment. CHB patients with positive HBV DNA who were older than 30 years required antiviral treatment, and CHB patients≤30 years with normal ALT and significant hepatic tissue damage also required antiviral treatment.