[Objective]To evaluate the feasibility of the minic microgravity as a method and the layered cylindric collagen-chitosan-?-tricalcium phosphate composite as a scaffold for the cartilage tissue engineering after an observation of how it absorbs the chondrocytes and affects the cell behavior.[Method]The chondrocytes were isolated and multiplied in vitro,and then the chondrocytes were seeded onto the porous collagen-chitosan-?-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffold and were cultured in both minic microgravity and ordinary environment for 3 weeks.The effects of the composite scaffold on the cell adhesivity,proliferation,morphological changes and synthesis of the extracellularmatrix were observed by the growth curve,phase-contrast microscopy,histology,scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry.[Result]The chondrocytes that adhered to the scaffold increased significantly and secreted extracellular matrix in the center of the porous scaffold around the chondrocytes under minic microgravity compared with ordinary environment.Immunohistochemistry of type Ⅱ collagen was positive.[Conclusion]The minic microgravity environment will be a good method for the cartilage tissue engineering.And the layered cylindric collagen-chitosan-?-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffold has a good cellular compatibility.It will be an ideal scaffold for the cartilage tissue engineering.

Background Keratoconus is a progressive corneal thinning and protrusion disease that develop in the age of puberty,resulting in a certain extent impairment of visual function.Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) increases the stiffness of the cornea through the photooxidation of ultraviolet A (UVA) and riboflavin,with the aim to postpone and prevent the progression of keratoectasia.Objective This study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transepithelial CXL in the treatment of pediatric keratoconus.Methods Ten eyes of 9 pediatric patients with keratoconus undergoing transepithelial CXL were enrolled from February 2010 to March 2013 in Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,with the mean age was (15± 1) years (range from 13 years to 17 years).After topical anesthesia (0.1％ tetracaine) for 15 minutes,0.5％ riboflavin was applied until it was saturated in the anterior chamber,then UVA with the intensity of 3 mW/cm2 was performed on the cornea for 30 minutes.The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA),corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA),refractive error,topography,corneal thinnest thickness were measured 7 days,1 month,3 months,6 months and 1 year after operation.Endothelium cell density (ECD) was measured 7 days afier operative.Results The mean corneal reepithelization time was (1.4±0.8) days.The UDVA and CDVA were significantly improved from preoperative 1.02±0.16 and 0.34±0.20 to postoperative 0.77±0.18 and 0.25 ±0.15,respectively (t =4.251,3.750;both at P＜0.05).The refractive sphere and spherical equivalent significantly changed from preoperative (-7.15±3.00)D and (-9.26±3.23)D to postoperative (-5.28±2.05) D and (-7.05±2.08) D 1 year,respectively (t =-2.515,-2.597;both at P＜0.05).Maximum Kvalue (Kmax) was significantly decreased from preoperative (64.1 ± 11.9) D to postoperative (61.8 ± 10.4) D (t =2.304,P＜0.05).The refractive cylinder,corneal thinnest thickness and ECD showed no significant differences between preoperation and postoperation (t =-1.331,0.328,1.205;all at P＞0.05).Stromal opacity was observed in 2 eyes 3 months and 6 months after operation,respectively.Conclusions Transepithelial CXL is safe and effective in prolonging or halting progression in adolescent keratoconus.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different health management on adults with prediabetes.MethodsA total of 1182 pre-diabetics were enrolled in this prospective observation study and assigned to one-by-one interview group,in situ education group,communicative interview group and control group.Three intervention groups received life style intervention ( including health education and risk factor control) for 2 years.Analysis ofvariance,x2 test or q test were used for data analysis.ResultsAfteryear intervention,fasting plasma glucose (FPG)and 2 h plasma glucose of the intervention groups were significantly decreased ( P ＜ 0.05 ).FPG of the one-by-one interview group and the in situ education group was significantly lower than that of the communicative interview group at 6 months ( P ＜ 0.05 ). At 24months,FPG of the one-by-one interview group was lower than that of the in situ education group (P ＜0.05).The percentage of participants who showed appropriate blood glucose control was increased in the intervention groups. In addition,blood pressure,triglyceride,cholesterol,creatinine and body weight of those in the intervened groups were significantly improved compared with the control group ( all P ＜ 0.05 ),although electrocardiogram results and arteriosclerosisshowed nosignificant changes(P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Health management may contribute to life style change and hypertension control of prediabetics.Furthermore,in situ education may be the most effective life style interventions.

[Objective] To investigate the characteristics of PD-1/PD-L1 expressed on T cell and bladder cancer cell and clinical significance.[Methods] 64 patients with primary bladder cancer were into experiment group and 10 normal people were into control group.Peripheral bloods were used to test the PD-1 expressed on CD8+ T lymphocytes by flow cytometry.Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the PD-L1 expression in tumor and normal specimen.[Results] PD-1 expressed on CD8+T lymphocytes was (2.25 ± 0.60)％ in experiment group and (0.68 ± 0.17)％ in control group,respectively (P ＜ 0.001).And the PD-1 expression on T cell in invasive bladder cancer patient was significant higher than superficial bladder cancer patients [(3.04 ± 0.46)％ vs (0.68± 0.17)％,P ＜ 0.001].The expression of PD-L1 in experiment group was higher than control group,(26/64 vs 0/15,P ＜ 0.001).But there was no different between invasive and superficial bladder cancer patients,(41.3％ vs 38.8％,P ＞ 0.01).[Conclusions] Expression of negative stimulatory molecule PD-1 in CD8+T lymphocytes of peripheral blood is significantly correlated with bladder cancer advanced.Bladder cancer cell was strongly expressed PD-L1,and this expression is not related to cancer advanced.

Objective: A solvent desorption-gas chromatography method for determination of ethylal in workplace air has been established. Methods: Ethylal in workplace air was collected by activated carbon tube and desorbed with carbon disulfide, and the desorption solutions were analysed by capillary column GC with FID detector. Results: The method presented a good linearity in the range of 0.87~34 800.00 mg/L of ethylal in the standard solution, with the correlation coefficient being r=0.999 7. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification of this method were respectively 0.20 mg/L and 0.80 mg/L, and the minimum detectable concentration and the minimum quantification concentration of this method were respectively 0.17 mg/m³ and 0.60 mg/m³ per 1.50 L of air.The within-run precision of the method was 2.93%-6.20%, and the between-run precision 3.67%-6.44%. The desorption efficiency between 94.22%-97.27%. Ethylal in activated carbon tube could be kept at least 7 days at room temperature without significant loss. Conclusion The method could be used for determination of ethylal in workplace air.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of improved skin expanding method on patients with arm infusion port.Methods:Clinical data of 100 patients with gynecological malignant tumor receiving adjuvant chemotherapy was retrospectively analyzed, including 50 patients treated by traditional way of expanding skin(transverse and micro intubation sheath inserted into blood vessels) and 50 patients treated by modified skin expanding method, namely making an incision with both depth and length of 0.5 cm which tilting 45° from the thread toward the port. The indexes as planting time, smooth operation, incidence of secondary enlargement, patient satisfaction, port moving time and incidence of postoperative complications were compared and analyzed between the two groups.Result:Modified skin expanding method was superior to traditional skin expanding way in planting time, smooth operation, incidence of secondary enlargement, patient satisfaction, port moving time and incidence of postoperative complications.Conclusions:Compared with the traditional way of expanding skin, modified skin expanding method can adjust catheter malposition caused by connecting with the port and send the catheter back into blood vessel at the incision maintaining the smooth of the catheter. Can make the operation well going increasing the efficiency of implantation of the upper arm infusion port. Can avoid the adverse consequences from the straddle of blood vessel by catheter and port in the tunnel after the catheter indwelling, which greatly enhances the safety of patients during infusion port application period.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) assisted by smart pluse technology (SPT) for the correction of high myopia.Methods:An observational case series study was conducted.Sixty high myopic patients (107 eyes) with spherical equivalent (SE)≥-6.0 D who received TransPRK assisted by SPT from January to December 2016 in Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were enrolled.Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the patients were examined and recorded in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) units, and refraction was examined with a subjective refractometer.The healing of corneal epithelium and corneal haze was observed with a slit lamp.Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with the non-contact tonometer.Safety index (SI) and efficacy index (EI) were analyzed.The follow-up time was 12 months.This study protocol adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (No.2019-197-k-177). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to any medical examination.Results:The mean epithelial healing time was (3.77±1.02) days.There were statistically significant differences in UCVA and BCVA between before and after surgery ( Z=380.812, 267.313; both at P<0.001). And the 7-day, 6-month, and 12-month postoperative BCVA were better than preoperative BCVA, showing statistically significant differences (all at P<0.05). Mean SI was 1.10±0.12, and mean EI was 1.05±0.17 at 12 months after surgery.There was no significant difference between the attempted SE before surgery (-8.02±1.36)D and the achieved SE at 12 months after surgery (-8.04±1.51)D ( P=0.523). SE in the predictive range within ±0.50 D accounted for 79% (85/107) and that within ±1.0 D accounted for 92% (98/107). The IOP was slightly increased in 3 eyes at 7 days and 7 eyes at 1 month after surgery, respectively, which returned to normal after the use of ophthalmic solution for lowing IOP.The incidence of haze severer than grade 1 was less than 1% (1 eye), and haze gradually disappeared after application of drugs. Conclusions:TransPRK assisted by SPT for high myopia shows good safety, effectiveness and predictability.It is an ideal corneal surface surgery to correct high myopia.

Objective To implement a two?level community?based health education pattern of schistosomiasis in residents of endemic areas in marshland and lake regions,so as to explore the suitable pattern of health education under hypo?endemic situa?tion. Methods Two schistosomiasis endemic villages in Jiangling County,Hubei Province were collected as study areas,and among which,one village was treated as an intervention group,where the two?level community?based health education pattern as well as regular control measures was implemented;the other village was a control group,where only regular control measures were implemented. The awareness rates on schistosomiasis control,the rates of correct behavior and the compliance rates of ex?amination,treatment and chemotherapy of the two groups before and after the intervention were compared. Results According to the results of the baseline survey in 2014,the awareness rates of schistosomiasis control of the intervention and control groups were 84.00%and 77.45%,respectively,the correct rates of behavior of the two groups were 72.00%and 63.73%,respectively, and the compliance rates of the treatment were 80.36%and 82.28%,respectively,there were no statistically significant differ? ences between all the above rates of the two groups(all P>0.05). After the intervention of the two?level community?based health education,the correct rates of behavior,and the compliance rates of examination and chemotherapy of the two groups were 92.31%and 80.37%,95.11%and 82.55%,84.13%and 63.64%,respectively,and the differences between all the rates above of the two groups were statistically significant(all P<0.05). When compared to those before intervention,the growing rates of the compliance rates of examination,treatment and chemotherapy of the intervention group were 20.97%,15.33%and 23.29%, respectively,while those of control group were 14.27%,4.17%,-3.77%,respectively,the growing rates of the intervention groups were higher than those of the control groups. Conclusions Through the two?level community?based pattern of health edu?cation,the compliance rates of examination and treatment of the residents have improved,and therefore,the pattern is suitable for popularization and application in marshland and lake regions.

Objective:To compare the clinical results of modified posterolateral approach combined medial approach versus traditional posterolateral approach combined with medial approach in open reduction and internal fixation of trimalleolar ankle fracture.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was used to analyze the clinical data of 46 patients with trimalleolar ankle fracture admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University from June 2013 to June 2019, including 14 males and 32 females, at age of 19-71 years [(49.2±14.9)years]. There were 33 patients with supination-external rotation type IV ankle fracture and 13 with pronation-external rotation type IV ankle fracture according to Lauge-Hansen classification. Open reduction and internal fixation was performed through the modified posterolateral approach combined with medial approach in 25 patients (modified approach group), and through the traditional posterolateral approach combined with medial approach in 21 patients (traditional approach group). The visual analogue score (VAS) at 3 days and 1 week after surgery, fracture healing time, range of ankle flexion and extension and Baird-Jackson score at the final follow-up and postoperative complications (numbness of the affect limb, wound necrosis, etc.) were compared between the two groups.Results:All patients were followed up for 11-21 months [(14.8±2.2)months]. There was no statistical difference in VAS or fracture healing time at 3 days after surgery between the two groups (all P>0.05). The VAS was 3.0 (3.0, 4.0)points in modified approach group at 1 week after surgery, significantly lower than 4.0 (3.0, 5.0)points in traditional approach group ( P<0.05). At the final follow-up, there was no statistical difference in range of ankle plantarflexion between the two groups ( P>0.05), but range of ankle dorsiflexion was significantly greater in modified approach group [(11.8±2.8)°] than that in traditional approach group [(8.1±3.5)°] ( P<0.01). At the final follow-up, Baird-Jackson score was not statistically different between the two groups ( P>0.05). There were 4 patients with numbness and 2 with wound necrosis in traditional approach group, but no numbness or wound necrosis occurred in modified approach group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Both the modified posterolateral approach combined with medial approach and traditional posterolateral approach combined with medial approach can achieve good clinical results in open reduction and internal fixation of trimalleolar ankle fractures, but the former has advantages of better pain relief, better recovery of ankle dorsiflexion and less complications.

IgG4-related diseases have a low incidence and are easily misdiagnosed as tumors in clinical treatments. A 26-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital because of a left adrenal tumor found in health examination for more than 5 months. The tumor in the left adrenal region could be seen from abdominal CT, and the retroperitoneal laparoscopic resection of the left adrenal tumor was performed. Postoperative pathology was consistent with IgG4-related diseases, and serum IgG4 was abnormally high. After 2 months’ follow-up, serum IgG4 returned to normal, and no special discomfort.