ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell （hUC-MSC） with overexpression of the Numb gene in the treatment of cholestatic liver fibrosis （CLF）. MethodsThe technique of lentiviral transfection was used to induce the overexpression of the Numb gene in hUC-MSC （hUC-MSC^Numb-OE）， and hUC-MSC transfected with empty vector （hUC-MSC^OE-EV） was used as negative control. Bile duct ligation （BDL） was performed to establish a rat model of CLF， and then the rats were randomly divided into BDL group， hUC-MSC group， hUC-MSC^OE-EV group， and hUC-MSC^Numb-OE group， while a sham-operation group was also established. The rats in the intervention groups were given a single splenic injection of the corresponding cells after BDL， and samples were collected at the end of week 4. Related indicators were measured， including serum biochemistry， liver histopathology， the content of hydroxyproline （Hyp） in the liver， hepatic stellate cell activation， ductular reaction， liver regeneration， and the expression levels of key molecules in the Numb-p53 signaling axis. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the BDL group， the hUC-MSC group and the hUC-MSC^OE-EV group had significant reductions in the levels of serum biochemical parameters （aspartate aminotransferase， gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase， total bile acid， total bilirubin， and direct bilirubin）， liver fibrosis markers （the content of Hyp and the expression levels of alpha-smooth muscle actin， tumor necrosis factor-α， and transforming growth factor-beta 1）， and ductular reaction markers （the expression levels of CK7 and CK19） （all P <0.05）， and compared with the hUC-MSC^OE-EV group， the hUC-MSC^Numb-OE group had significantly greater improvements in the above indicators （all P <0.05）. In addition， compared with the hUC-MSC^OE-EV group， the hUC-MSC^Numb-OE group had significant improvements in the expression levels of liver regeneration-related markers （albumin and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α） and the molecules associated with the Numb-p53 signaling axis （Numb， pNumb， Mdm2， and p53） （all P <0.05）. ConclusionOverexpression of the Numb gene can enhance the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSC on CLF， possibly by activating the Numb-PTB^L-p53-HNF4α axis， promoting the hepatic differentiation of hUC-MSCs and subsequently enhancing liver regeneration.

Objective: To investigate the association between bedtime screen use and sleep health among fourth and fifthgrade primary school students, so as to provide evidence to support interventions for improving sleep quality. Methods: From April to June 2024, a survey was conducted among 4 232 fourth and fifthgrade students from nine primary schools in a district of Beijing. A selfdesigned questionnaire assessed bedtime screen use behavior and sleep health indicators. Generalized linear models and Logistic regression were used to analyze the associations. Results: Among the surveyed students, 28.3% reported bedtime screen use. Mean sleep duration every day was (9.31±0.90) hours on school days and (10.08±1.36) hours on weekends. Compared to nonusers, students with bedtime screen use exhibited every day: later bedtimes on school days (10.18 min delay, 95%CI=6.88-13.47) and weekends (22.09 min delay, 95%CI=17.33-26.85) (P<0.05); later weekend wake times (7.97 min delay, 95%CI=1.78-14.16, P<0.05); reduced sleep duration on school days (-9.82 min, 95%CI=-13.62 to -6.03) and weekends (-14.12 min, 95%CI=-20.24 to -8.00) (P<0.05); greater weekend-school day bedtime discrepancy (β=1.15, 95%CI=1.08-1.23, P<0.01). Additionally, they had lower odds of falling asleep within 20 minutes (OR=0.62, 95%CI=0.54-0.72), daytime alertness (OR=0.66, 95%CI=0.56-0.77), and subjective sleep satisfaction (OR=0.57, 95%CI=0.49-0.66)(P<0.01). Conclusions Bedtime screen use is associated with adverse effects on multiple dimensions of sleep health in primary school students. Reducing screen exposure before bed may help improve their sleep quality.

Objective: To develop a health literacy evaluation scale for Chinese high school students, providing a tool for dynamic monitoring of health literacy among high school students and evaluating the effectiveness of health school construction. Methods: Through theoretical research, an evaluation index system for health literacy of Chinese high school students was constructed. Two rounds of Delphi expert consultations were conducted to quantitatively screen the items, and the item pool was revised based on expert opinions to compile the health literacy evaluation scale for Chinese students. Two focus group interviews were held to collect suggestions from health educators, high school teachers, and high school students regarding optimized scale length, question types, difficulty and wording of the scale. The scale was revised accordingly. A pilot survey was conducted in Beijing and Tianjin in November 2024, and the reliability and validity of the scale were evaluated based on the pilot survey data. Results: The response rate in both rounds of Delphi expert consultations was over 80%, and the expert authority coefficient was over 0.70. The expert opinions were highly concentrated, and the dispersion was small. The revised item pool based on expert opinions contained 39 items. The revised scale based on the suggestions and opinions collected from the focus group interviews had a moderate number of questions and difficulty level. The pilot survey obtained 800 valid responses, with the response rate of 89.39%. The Cronbach α coefficient of the scale was 0.911, χ 2/df =3.321, the root mean square error of approximation was 0.054, the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.991 , and the factor loadings of some items were less than 0.40. Conclusion The health literacy evaluation scale for Chinese high school students demonstrates scientific rigor and practical applicability, with good internal consistency and structural validity.

Objective: To develop and validate a health literacy assessment scale for junior high school students, providing an effective tool for evaluating and monitoring health literacy among Chinese adolescents. Methods: Based on school health education policy documents, a health literacy assessment framework was constructed, comprising five horizontal and four vertical dimensions. From May to June and August to September in 2024, the framework was refined through Delphi expert consultations and focus group discussions, leading to the development of the Health Literacy Assessment Scale for Junior High School Students. In September 2024, a convenience sample of 625 students from three junior high schools in Beijing and Tianjin completed the questionnaire. Item analysis, reliability, and validity tests were conducted to evaluate the scale. Results: The recovery rate for two rounds of expert consultation questionnaires was 100%. The expert authority coefficients ( Cr ) were 0.86 and 0.87 respectively (both >0.70), with Kendall W values of 0.34 and 0.27 ( P <0.05). The focus group discussions followed a rigorous structure, and after multiple rounds of item screening and revision, the version 3.0 of the junior high school students health literacy assessment scale was developed, comprising 57 items. Three items that failed to meet the comprehensive screening criteria were preliminarily removed, and the final scale contained 54 items. The scale demonstrated excellent reliability, with an overall Cronbach s α coefficient of 0.92 and split half reliability of 0.93. Confirmatory factor analysis [ χ 2/df =2.094, root mean square error of approximation ( RMSEA )=0.042, comparative fit index ( CFI )=0.911, Tucker Lewis index ( TLI )=0.907] indicated good model fit indices. Conclusions The preliminary development of the health literacy assessment scale for junior high school students follows a rigorous item screening process with well designed dimensions, demonstrating good reliability and validity, thus serving as an appropriate evaluation tool for adolescent health literacy.

Flexible conductive fibers have been widely applied in wearable flexible sensing. However, exposed wearable flexible sensors based on liquid metal (LM) are prone to abrasion and significant conductivity degradation. This study presented a high-sensitivity LM conductive fiber with integration of strain sensing, electrical heating, and thermochromic capabilities, which was fabricated by coating eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) onto spandex fibers modified with waterborne polyurethane (WPU), followed by thermal curing to form a protective polyurethane sheath. This fiber, designated as Spandex/WPU/EGaIn/Polyurethane (SWEP), exhibits a four-layer coaxial structure: spandex core, WPU modification layer, LM conductive layer, and polyurethane protective sheath. The SWEP fiber had a diameter of (458.3 ± 10.4) μm, linear density of (2.37 ± 0.15) g/m, and uniform EGaIn coating. The fiber had excellent conductivity with an average value of (3 716.9 ± 594.2) S/m. The strain sensing performance was particularly noteworthy. A 5 cm × 5 cm woven fabric was fabricated using polyester warp yarns and SWEP weft yarns. The fabric exhibited satisfactory moisture permeability [(536.06 ± 33.15) g/(m ²·h)] and maintained stable thermochromic performance after repeated heating cycles. This advanced conductive fiber development is expected to significantly promote LM applications in wearable electronics and smart textile systems.
Wearable Electronic Devices ; Polyurethanes/chemistry* ; Electric Conductivity ; Gallium/chemistry* ; Metals/chemistry*

Persistent and maladaptive drug-related memories represent a key component in drug addiction. Converging evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies has demonstrated the potential efficacy of the memory reconsolidation updating procedure (MRUP), a non-pharmacological strategy intertwining two distinct memory processes: reconsolidation and extinction-alternatively termed "the memory retrieval-extinction procedure". This procedure presents a promising approach to attenuate, if not erase, entrenched drug memories and prevent relapse. The present review delineates the applications, molecular underpinnings, and operational boundaries of MRUP in the context of various forms of substance dependence. Furthermore, we critically examine the methodological limitations of MRUP, postulating potential refinement to optimize its therapeutic efficacy. In addition, we also look at the potential integration of MRUP and neurostimulation treatments in the domain of substance addiction. Overall, existing studies underscore the significant potential of MRUP, suggesting that interventions predicated on it could herald a promising avenue to enhance clinical outcomes in substance addiction therapy.
Humans ; Substance-Related Disorders/psychology* ; Memory Consolidation/physiology* ; Animals ; Extinction, Psychological/physiology*

Objective:The purpose of this study is to test and assess the model of modeling data of TaiChi accelerator in the Raystation Treatment Planning System(RayStation system)according to the test method and item of TG119 report of American Association Physicians Medicine(AAPM).Methods:The intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT)and volumetric-modulated arc therapy(VMAT)plans of the test cases of different clinical situations,which included the simulated multi target region,prostate target region,head and neck target region,easy type C-shape target region plan and difficult type C-shape target region plan,were designed according to the AAPM TG119 report in the treatment planning system.The deviations of the doses of point and area of the two kinds of plans were measured,and the measured results were compared and analyzed with the recommended standards of AAPM TG119 report.The IBA CC13 ionization chamber and the ArcCHECK matrix ionization chamber were used respectively to verify the point dose and area dose,and the assessment standard was γ passing rate under 3%3mm.The confidence interval was adopted to judge the consistency between the measured dose and the calculated dose.Results:The accuracies of plan dose target,point dose deviation and area dose distribution of tested cases could meet the requirement of the TGl19 report.The deviations of mean doses for the high-dose points of IMRT plan and VMAT plan of tested cases were respectively(0.39±1.02)%and(1.27±0.64)%,and the confidence intervals of them were respectively 2.39%and 2.52%.The average dose deviations of low doses of organ at risk(OAR)of IMRT plan and VMAT plan were respectively(0.53±1.73)%and(0.88±1.11)%,and the confidence intervals were respectively 3.92%and 3.06%.The average γ passing rate under 3%/3mm of IMRT plan and VMAT plan were respectively(99.52±0.366)%and(99.86±0.136)%,and the confidence intervals of them were respectively 1.196%and 0.406%.Conclusion:The TaiChi accelerator performance and the accuracy of Raystation system 6MV FFF model fitting can meet the standard of TG119 report,and the subsequent standards of the quality control of equipment and patients were established according to these tested results,which would provide reference for the improvement of the performance of subsequent accelerator.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of modified femoral neck osteotomy(mFNO)in the surgical treatment of patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS)and severe spinal kyphosis combined with hip flexion contracture.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 61 AS patients(103 hips)with spinal kyphosis and hip flexion contracture who underwent pedicle subtraction osteotomy(PSO)and total hip arthroplasty(THA)from January 1,2019 to November 15,2023.Data on mFNO operation time,blood loss,preoperative and postoperative values of the angle of the trunk and lower limb(ATL),hip passive range of motion(ROM),visual analogue scale(VAS),and incidence of in-hospital compli-cations were recorded.Statistical analysis was performed using paired-samples t test.P＜0.05 was con-sidered statistically significant.Results:The study ultimately included 10 cases,9 males and 1 female,with an average age of(41.30±9.03)years.These patients underwent surgery for a total of 52 times,including 19 hips both receiving mFNO and THA,and 14 times PSO.The average operation time for nine bilateral mFNO was(133.11±34.81)min,with blood loss of(433.33±187.10)mL.A unilateral mFNO took 60 min with 200 mL of blood loss.The preoperative ATL of 19 hips was 40.37°±13.66°,and the postoperative ATL value was 88.47°±12.46°(P＜0.05).The preoperative VAS score was 0,while the postoperative VAS score was 5.95±1.51(P＜0.05).The preoperative hip extension ROM was 37.37°±18.13°,while the postoperative hip extension ROM was-4.95°±21.24°(P＜0.05).Hip flexion ROM improved from 37.37°±18.13° to 50.79°±20.36° after FNO(P＜0.05).There were three cases of in-hospital complications(3/52,5.67％):One case of postoperative atelectasis fol-lowing PSO(1/52,1.92％),one greater trochanter fracture identified during THA(1/52,1.92％),and one early dislocation post-THA(1/52,1.92％).Conclusion:mFNO significantly improves the ATL in AS patients with severe spinal kyphosis combined with hip flexion contracture,facilitating PSO and THA surgeries.

Objective: To analyze and evaluate the comprehensiveness and reliability of the content related to comprehensive sexuality education in 16 subject curriculum standards in the current compulsory education system, and the feasibility and effectiveness of comprehensive sexuality education teaching practice. Methods: Based on the textbook analysis model, a curriculum standard analysis model was established, and the interpretive structure model was used to analyze and evaluate the content related to comprehensive sexual education in the curriculum standards of 16 subjects in the current compulsory education system, including Ethics and Rule of Law, Chinese, History, Mathematics, English, Japanese, Russian, Geography, Science, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Information Technology, Physical Education and Health, Arts, Labor. Results: There were 7 subject curriculum standards including Ethics and Rule of Law, Chinese, English, Science, Biology, Information Technology, Physical Education and Health reflecting 5 core concepts and 12 themes of comprehensive sexuality education, and the most frequent core concept was Violence and Staying Safe and the Human Body and Development,as well as the most frequent theme was "Puberty". History, Mathematics, Japanese, Russian, Geography, Physics, Chemistry, Art and Labor didn t include content related to comprehensive sexuality education. The content related to comprehensive sexuality education in the curriculum standard of compulsory education presented three characteristics:it was closely related to the subject content, partial content was consistent with the teaching goal of the subject, and the content depth increased with the growth of grade. The comprehensiveness and reliability of comprehensive sexual education in the current compulsory education curriculum standards of China needed to be improved. Conclusion The comprehensiveness, reliability, feasibility and effectiveness of teaching practice of comprehensive sexuality education in 16 subject curriculum standards in the current compulsory education stage need to be improved.

Abstract: Cancer immunotherapy, which is an attractive strategy harnessing the host's own immune system to remove tumor cells, has been widely used in clinical practice, yet with low response rate and immune-related adverse events. Unlike traditional chemotherapy, the targets of immunotherapy exhibit high spatial heterogeneity and are distributed in different cell types or secondary organelles, resulting in off-target and on-target toxicity, which greatly reduces the efficacy and safety of treatment. Due to the altered metabolic level, tumor tissues often display a lower pH than normal tissues. In addition, the endocytosis pathway is accompanied by continuous pumping of protons. Therefore, the variation of environmental pH values could serve as an ideal stimulus for precise drug delivery and release. In recent years, pH-responsive materials (e.g., polymers, biomacromolecules, lipid nanoparticles, biofilm, inorganic nanoparticles, and metal-organic frameworks) have been widely investigated in the field of cancer immunotherapy. This paper summarizes recent strategies of pH-responsive drug delivery systems based on different types of carriers, aiming to provide some reference for the design of next generation of tumor-targeting formulations in cancer immunotherapy.