Objective： To investigate pathophysiologic mechanism about initiation and propagation of epilepsy in a genetically epilepsy-prone rat (GEPR) model. Methods： The hippocampal MF sprouting of P77PMC rats was examined at different stages in the course of recurrent seizures using Timm method of sulfide silver staining. Results：The three groups of P77PMC rats which experienced 30 and less than 30 times of audiogenic seizure ( AGS ) and the Wistar control group did not display MF sprouting in dentate gyrus, however, the group of P77PMC rats which experienced 50 times of AGS was found hippocampal MF sprouting into the inner molecular layer of dentate gyrus. Conclusion：Our findings suggest that hippocampal MF sprouting presented not only in limbic seizure, but also in AGS, the seizure initiated in brainstem but rapidly generalized; in AGS-prone rats, recurrent AGSs can induce MF synaptic reorganization in hippocampus.

0.05),but was significantly different among different age groups(P

Objective To investigate the expression of CENP-W in gliomas and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis and to explore the effects of centromere protein W (CENP-W)on the invasion of gliomas cells.Methods The expressions of CENP-W in high-grade glioma tissues,low-grade glioma tissues,and adjacent brain tissues were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The correlation of the expression of CENP-W with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis was analyzed statistically.Human gliomas U2 5 1 cells in vitro were transfected with small interfering RNA to downregulate the expression of CENP-W.The invasion and migration capabilities of gliomas cancer cells were assessed by Transwell assays.Results The expression level of CENP-W was significantly higher in glioma tissues than in normal tissues. There was a positive correlation between the three protein expression levels and the pathological grade of gliomas. CENP-W siRNA was successfully transfected into U2 5 1 cells.Compared with those of the cells transfected with the scramble siRNA and control cells,the invasive and migration activities were inhibited in the U2 5 1 cells transfected with CENP-W siRNA.The Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-Rank test showed significant differences in progress free survival (PFS)between the CENP-W high-expression and low-expression groups.Conclusion The expression level of CENP-W was positively correlated with the pathological grade of gliomas and CENP-W can promote glioma cell invasion.It implicates that CENP-W can be a novel target in gliomas treatment.

Objective To evaluate nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway and autophagy in inhaled sevoflurane-produced delayed myocardial protection in rats.Methods Ninety-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 270-350 g,were randomly assigned into 6 groups (n =16 each):sham operation group (group S),ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group,sevoflurane group (SEVO group),specific NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide (PTN)group,dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group and PTN + sevoflurane group (PTN + SEVO group).The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 50 mg/kg,intubated and mechanically ventilated.Myocardial I/R was induced by 30 min of occlusion of the left anterior descending branch of coronary artery followed by 2 h of reperfusion.In group I/R,33％ oxygen was inhaled for 2 h.In group SEVO,2.5％ sevoflurane was inhaled for 2 h.In groups PTN and DMSO,PTN 500 μg/kg and DMSO were administered intraperitoneally 15 min before oxygen inhalation respectively.In group PTN + SEVO,PTN 500 μg/kg was administered intraperitoneally 15 min before exposure to sevoflurane.Myocardial I/R was induced 24 h after intraperitoneal administration.Eight animals in each group were sacrificed immediately before ischemia and the hearts were removed to detect the NF-κB activity and expression of LC3-Ⅱ and cathepsin B.The left animals in each group were sacrificed at 2 h of reperfusion and the hearts were removed to determine the myocardial infarct size (by TTC staining).Results Compared with group S,the myocardial infarct size was significantly increased at 2 h of reperfusion in the other groups,and the NF-κB activity was significantly increased and the expression of LC3-Ⅱ and cathepsin B was up-regulated immediately before ischemia in group SEVO (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,the NF-κB activity was significantly increased and the expression of LC3-Ⅱ and cathepsin B was up-regulated immediately before ischemia,and the myocardial infarct size was significantly reduced at 2 h of reperfusion in group SEVO (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group SEVO,the NF-κB activity was significantly decreased and the expression of LC3-Ⅱ and cathepsin B was down-regulated immediately before ischemia,and the myocardial infarct size was significantly increased at 2 h of reperfusion in DMSO,PTN and PTN + SEVO groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion NF-κB signaling pathway and autophagy are involved in inhaled sevoflurane-produced delayed nyocardial protection in rats.

OBJECTIVEIn order to accurately reconstruct the acoustic source image, the application of transducer's receiving characteristics in magneto-acoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) is studied.

METHODSThe conductivity phantom model is built, and the magnetic acoustic signals are simulated and the acoustic sources are reconstructed according to the transducer's receiving characteristics.

RESULTSThe reconstructed image of acoustic source is consistent with the topographic shape and size of the phantom model.

CONCLUSIONMAT-MI based on the transducer's characteristics lays the foundation for further study.

Objective To investigate the effect of sevoflurane (Sero) preconditioning (Precon) on cardiomyocyte apoptosis following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Methods Sixty-four adult male SD rats weighing 270-350 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 16 each): group Ⅰ sham operation (group S); group Ⅱ myocardial I/R; group Ⅲ Sero and group Ⅳ Sevo-Precon + myocardial I/R. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 50 mg/kg, intubated and mechanically ventilated. PET CO2 was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg. Myocardial I/R was induced by 30 min occlusion of the left anterior descending branch of coronary artery followed by 2 h reperfusion in group Ⅱ and Ⅳ . In group Ⅲ the animals inhaled 2.5 % sevoflurane for 30 min while in group Ⅳ the animals inhaled 2.5% sevoflurane for 30 min at 15 min before myocardial I/R. Eight animals were killed at the end of 2 h reperfusion in each group. The hearts were removed for determination of myocardial infarct size (IS) as a percentage of area at risk (AAR) (IS/AAR) by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Myocardial apoptosis was detected using TUNEL and apoptosis index (AI) was calculated. Another 4 animals were killed before ischemia and at the end of 2 h reperfusion for determining the expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 protein in myocardium by Western blot. Results Sevoflurane preconditioning significantly decreased infarct size and AI in group Ⅳ as compared with group Ⅱ (group I/R). Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly decreased and caspase-3 protein expression was significantly increased after 2 h reperfusion as compared with the expression before ischemia in group I/R (group Ⅱ ). Sevoflurane preconditioning significantly reversed the I/R-induced changes in Bcl-2 and caspase-3 protein expression. Conclusion Sevoflurane preconditioning can attenuate myocardial I/R injury by decreasing myocardial apoptosis.

Purpose To investigate the application value in diagnosis of pleural effusion by cell block combined with immunohisto-chemistry. Methods 60 cases of pleural effusion were collected, and paraffin-embedded cell block was prepared and immunohisto-chemistry was used to detect the expression of CK7, TTF-1, E-cadherin, CEA and Calretinin. Results By use of cell block combined with immunohistochemistry, malignant detected rate was higher than that of the conventional centrifugal smear. There was statistical significance in the expression of CK7, TTF-1, E-cadherin, CEA and Calretinin between pleural effusion lung adenocarcinoma and reac-tive hyperplasia mesothelial cells (P<0. 05). CK7, TTF-1, E-cadherin and CEA were highly expressed in pleural effusion of lung ad-enocarcinoma cell. Calretinin was highly expressed in hyperplastic mesothelial cells. Conclusion Cell block and immunohistochemi-cal technique combination in the differential diagnosis of difficult pleural effusion has important clinical significance. It is worthy of popularization and further clinical application.

Objective To review the experience and early clinical results of eversion carotid endartotectomy (eCEA) in treatment of patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis. Methods eCEA were performed on 32 patients who suffered from the extracranial carotid stonosis. The treatment results were retrospectively reviewed. Results Thirty-two patients were successfully treated with eCEA. The symptom in 17 patients with transient ischemia attach (TIA) admitted to hospital did not recurrence, the other original symptoms of the patients had different degrees of improvement or disappeared. Two patients had TIA during 72 h after surgery, but 24 h repeatedly CTA examination without infarcts oecurring, and recovered after the treatment of small doses of urokinase. Two cases of severe swelling appeared tracheal shift incision, and went smoothly through edema by treatment of tracheal intubatian. In 4 patients headache reliefed in 2-3 d after medical treatment of the dehydration. Seven patients appeared different degree of hoarseness, and got recovery through neurotrophic medication for 1 month. No other serious complication occurred. Follow-up by 6 months, no CTA carotid artery stenosis appeared again. Conclusion eCEA is an effective method to treat symptomatic carotid stenosis.

Objective In order to accurately reconstruct the acoustic source image, the application of transducer’s receiving characteristics in magneto-acoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) is studied. Methods The conductivity phantom model is built, and the magnetic acoustic signals are simulated and the acoustic sources are reconstructed according to the transducer’s receiving characteristics. Results The reconstructed image of acoustic source is consistent with the topographic shape and size of the phantom model. Conclusion MAT-MI based on the transducer’s characteristics lays the foundation for further study.

At present, most scholars have found that majority of acoustic neuromas are subarachnoid tumors, and extra-arachnoid tumors are rare. However, with the further study of the membranous structures of the acoustic neuromas, it has been found that the membrane structures of the surface of the acoustic neuromas may be composed of arachnoid membrane, vestibular nerve membrane, degraded vestibular nerve fibers, and dural fibrous tissues. Combined with the characteristics of membrane structure of the acoustic neuromas, it is very important to adopt appropriate surgical strategies to perform micromanipulation on tumor resection and nerve function preservation. This article reviews the characteristics of the membrane structures of the acoustic neuromas and their surgical treatment, and proposes the role of the membrane structure in surgery.