In 1957. we discovered a new species of Trombicula in gaohu, Qingtian. mountainous region of south Zhejiang. which is the dominant species in that locality. Its seasonal and geographical distribution are consistent with tbe epidemic of tsutsugamushi disease. The Rickettsia tsutsugamushi had been isolated from the larva hosts and patients at the same time. It was confirmed by epidemiological investigation that this tsutsugamushi is a new vector of tsutsugamushi disease. This Trombicula was discovered first time in Gaohu and was named Trombicula (Leptotrombidium) Caohuensis nov sp. This rteport had been published in 1960.In July 1984. we tested a biting experiment by setting 11 larvae of the tsutsugamushi on our own forearms and confirmed that the Trombicula had the ability of stinging and biting human bodies, and that this ability persisted after the changing of hosts (from mouse to man). This test provided a new evidence of vector effect of Trombicula Caohuensis nov sp in ecology.

Objective To investigate the effects of proprioceptive training on lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods 50 patients with LDH were divided into experimental group (n=25) and control group (n=25). Both groups received physiotherapy and core stability exercise, and the experimental group received proprioceptive training with BIODEX Balanced System in addition. They were assessed with the Visual Analogous Scale (VAS) of pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and posture stability and limits of stability of BIODEX Balanced System. The incidence of relapse was followed up in a year. Results The scores of VAS, ODI, posture stability and limits of stability improved in both groups after treatment (P<0.05), and the ODI, posture stability and limits of stability improved more in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). There were 5 cases relapsed in the control group, and 2 cases in the experimental group. Conclusion The proprioceptive training may further improve the function of lower back, and motor control in patients with LDH, and prevent the relapse.

Objective To investigate the status of nutritional risk and nutritional support in general surgery patients, and to explore their association with postoperative complications and length of hospital stay.Methods From January 2014 to February 2015, 853 inpatients in general surgical wards in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University were enrolled.Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) was used to estimate nutritional status of patients.The patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether they received nutritional support.The length of hospital stay in days and postoperative complications were recorded.The association of nutritional risk and nutritional support with complications and length of hospital stay were analyzed.Results In the 853 surgery patients, the prevalence of nutritional risk was 31.1％ (265/853) and that of malnutrition was 5.4％ (46/853).The incidence of postoperative complications was 14.2％ (121/853).The patients with nutritional risk had a significantly higher incidence of postoperative complications compared to those without nutritional risk [29.8％ (79/265) vs.7.1％ (42/588) , P ＜ 0.000] , and a longer hospital stay [(12.5 ±6.4) days vs.(4.2 ±3.9) days, P ＜0.001].In the 853 patients, 27.3％ (233/853) received nutrition support.In the patients with nutritional risk, those on nutritional support had a significantly lower incidence of complications compared with those not on nutritional support [16.7％ (32/192) vs.64.4％ (47/73), P＜0.05] and shorter hospital stay [(7.5±4.6) days vs.(16.3±8.5)days, P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions According to NRS 2002 result, a fairly high percentage of general surgery patients may have nutritional risk.Patients with decreased body mass, less dietary intake, and at higher age may be more likely to have nutritional risk.Nutritional risk may be associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications and longer hospital stay.Patients at nutritional risk appear to be more likely to benefit from nutritional support.

Objective To establish a high-throughput evaluation model for anaphylactic reactions; To screen and identify potential anaphylactogens from TCM monomeric compounds.MethodsCell model of stably expressed MrgX2 was established. Recombinate plasmid pmCherry-C1-MrgX2 was transfected to HEK293 to establish cell line for screening model. MrgX2 agonist and antagonist were used to identify the validation and stability of the cell line. A small library consisting of 180 compounds was profiled by using a cell-based calcium mobilization assay to find novel compounds targeting the MrgX2 receptor. EC50 test, IC50 test, specificity validation and cytotoxicity evaluation were carried out to detect the function of the positive agonist.ResultsThe EC50 of C48/80 to MrgX2 model was 2.7 μg/mL and the IC50 of 2-APB (evoked by 10 μg/mL C48/80) was 46.29 μmol/L. The first generation cell model of MrgX2 was similar to the 20th generation, and the Z factor of MrgX2 cell model was 0.78. In the primary screening for agonist, isoliensinine was identified as a novel agonist targeting receptor MrgX2 with an EC50 of 4.5 μmol/L and IC50 of39.47 μmol/L. Moreover, isoliensinine was validated to activate MrgX2 receptor specifically without cytotoxicity. Conclusion A high-throughput evaluation method for anaphylactic reactions can be established in vitro through calcium mobilization assay. A potential anaphylactogen isoliensinine is identified and validated.

BACKGROUND:Many scholars at home and abroad have already attempted to apply the technique of the internal fixation pedicle screw placement to cure children’s spinal injuries in recent years, because the children’s thoracic pedicle is more smal , anatomical structure variation is big and adjacent relationship is complicated, so the application of adult’s pedicle screw technology simply to children who was in a continuous growth and development can increase operation risk greatly. Above this, improving the accuracy of nailing and reducing error rate become keys for further development of cervical pedicle fixation. OBJECTIVE:To provide an individualized and accurate positioning method for screw placement in thoracic pedicle of children by computer aided design and rapid prototyping technology. METHODS:After computed tomography scan of four cases of child specimens, the original data were made for three-dimensional reconstruction by the software, then the specimens were randomly divided into two groups:one group used the traditional pedicle internal fixation method, and the other group, first created the individual navigation template using the principle of reverse engineering and rapid prototyping technology. The lumbar pedicle screws were put into the samples by the individual navigation template. The position of the pedicle screws was evaluated according to the computer tomography scan. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The accurate rate of screw placement of the traditional pedicle internal fixation method was 58%;and the accurate rate of screw placement of the individual digital navigation template method was 81%. The success rate was better than the traditional surgery group. Furthermore, chi square test showed that there was a significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). These findings suggested that there has a high accuracy of the screw placement in thoracic pedicle of children assisted by the individual navigation template, ful y reflects the principle of individualization of screw placement, and provides a new feasible method for accurate screw placement in thoracic pedicle of children.

ATP-NAD kinase phosphorylates NAD to produce NADP by using ATP, whereas ATP-NADH kinase phosphorylates both NAD and NADH. Three NAD kinase homologues, namely, Utr1p, Pos5p and Utr1p, exist in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which were all confirmed as ATP-NADH kinases and found to be important to supply NADP(H) for yeast cells. In S. cerevisiae, fatty acid beta-oxidation is restricted to peroxisomes and peroxisomal NADPH is required for beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids with the double bonds at even positions. Single and double gene disruption strains of NAD kinase genes, i.e., utr1, pos5, yef1, utr1yef1, utr1pos5 and yef1pos5 were constructed by PCR-targeting method. The utilization ability of these mutants for unsaturated fatty acids with the double bonds at even or uneven positions was examined, with wild type BY4742 as positive control cell, and fatty-acyl-CoA oxidase gene deletion mutant (fox1) and peroxisomal NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase isoenzymes gene deletion mutant (idp3) as negative control cells. The results indicated that the NAD kinase homologues, especially Pos5p, were critical for supplying NADP and then NADPH in peroxisomal matrix. NADP, which was supplied mainly by Utr1p, Pos5p and Yef1p, particularly by Pos5p, was proposed to be able to transfer from outside of peroxisome into peroxisomal matrix and then converted to NADPH by Idp3p.
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; metabolism ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; physiology ; NADP ; metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ; physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; physiology

Objective:To determine the immunological effects of a new type adjuvant CTA 1-DD/IgG.Methods:Intranasal im-munization of BALB/c mice with OVA in combination with adjuvant CTA 1-DD or CTA1-DD/IgG.Blood samples were subjected to OVA-specific IgG Abs detection and IgG subclass profiles assessment using ELISA.Splenic plasma cells secreting anti-OVA Abs were detected by ELISPOT.Results:CTA1-DD/IgG showed stronger activity in inducing OVA-specific IgG Abs and splenic Abs-secreting cells compared with CTA1-DD.The enhancement of IgG1,IgG2a and IgG2b Abs were observed,and the ratio IgG2a/IgG1 were >1 in both groups.Conclusion: CTA1-DD/IgG can exert enhanced adjuvant effects compared with CTA 1-DD.Mixed IgG subclasses are induced,indicating a more balanced Th1/Th2 response.

Objeetive To construct the cell DNA damage models for the human CML K562 cell line before or after imarlnib mesylate treatment and observe the repairing process dynamically for investigating the iniluence of imatinib mesylate on the repair function of K562 cells after cell DNA danlage.Methods The MTT assay was used to estimate the optimal pretreatment concentration of imatinib mesylate in K562 cells and Western blot was employed to evaluate the phosphorylation status in K562 cells after imatinib mesylate treatment to estimate BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase inhibition by imatinib mesylate.The comet assay was used to detect the DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide at various concentrations in K562 cells with or without the pretreatment of imatinib mesylate.A dynamic observation on the repairing process after cell DNA damage was made by the comet assay.Results The pretreatment by imatinib mesylate for K562 cells was optimized to be at a final concentration of 1 μmol/L for 24 h as revealed by the MTT assay additionly imatinib mesylate treatment at this concentration could effectively inhibit the phosphorylation of the BCR-ABL fusion protein at Tyr177(Deusityrate 0.100±0.018).When compared with the control group(Deusityrate 0.425±0.039),the BCR/ABL phosphorylation at Tyr177 was significantly decreased by (77. 11±5.59) % (t=4. 57,P＜0. 05). The cell DNA damage models for both imatinib mesylate-nontreated and imatinib mesylate-pretreated K562 cell groups were constructed with hydrogen peroxide treatment at a final concentration of 10 μmol/L for 10 min at 4℃ as confirmed by the comet assay. When compared with the control imatinib mesylatenontreatod K562 cell group,the time duration required for the DNA repair in imatinib mesylate-pretreated K562 cell group was significantly prolonged (F= 97.79,P＜0. 05 ). Conclusions The cell DNA damage models for the leukemic K562 cell groups before or after imatinib mesylate treatment were successfully constructed and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate for BCR/ABL fusion protein was revealed to attenuate the DNA repair capacity of the K562 cells after DNA damage.

Objective To construct the transformed mouse BaF3-P210 cell line stably expressing BCR/ABL and to initially investigate the influence of BCR/ABL on the cell biological characteristics of BaF3 cell line. Methods The retroviral vector with bcr/abl gene was transfected into the packaging cell line. The BaF3 cells were infected with the collected viral supernatant. The transgenic BaF3-P210 cell line stably expressing BCR/ABL were screened and subcloned. The integration of the bcr/abl gene in the genome of the target cell was determined by PCR and DNA sequencing,trypan blue staining assay,flow cytometry and MTT assay. Results The bcr/abl gene was integrated into the BaF3 cell genome; RT-PCR and Western blot verified the stable expression of the bcr/abl gene and protein in the screened subclone cell line BaF3-P210. Compared with the control group,the cell proliferation rate was promoted (P

The subtype H9N2 avian influenza virus greatly threatens the Chinese poultry industry, even with annual vaccination. Waterfowl can be asymptomatically infected with the H9N2 virus. In this study, three H9N2 virus strains, designated A/Goose/Jiangsu/YZ527/2011 (H9N2, Gs/JS/YZ527/11), A/Goose/Jiangsu/SQ119/2012 (H9N2, Gs/JS/SQ119/12), and A/Goose/Jiangsu/JD564/2012 (H9N2, Gs/JS/JD564/12), were isolated from domestic geese. Molecular characterization of the three isolates showed that the Gs/JS/YZ527/11 virus is a double-reassortant virus, combining genes of A/Quail/Hong Kong/G1/97 (H9N2, G1/97)-like and A/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98 (H9N2, F/98)-like; the Gs/JS/SQ119/12 virus is a triple-reassortant virus combining genes of G1/97-like, F/98-like, and A/Duck/Shantou/163/2004 (H9N2, ST/163/04)-like. The sequences of Gs/JS/JD564/12 share high homology with those of the F/98 virus, except for the neuraminidase gene, whereas the internal genes of Gs/JS/YZ527/11 and Gs/JS/SQ119/12 are closely related to those of the H7N9 viruses. An infectivity analysis of the three isolates showed that Gs/JS/SQ119/12 and Gs/JS/YZ527/11 replicated well, with seroconversion, in geese and chickens, the Gs/JS/JD564/12 did not infect well in geese or chickens, and the F/98 virus only infected chickens, with seroconversion. Emergence of these new reassortant H9N2 avian influenza viruses indicates that these viruses can infect both chicken and goose and can produce different types of lesions in each species.
Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Chickens ; Geese ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype ; Influenza in Birds ; Neuraminidase ; Population Characteristics ; Poultry ; Sequence Analysis ; Seroconversion ; Vaccination