Foreign Bodies ; pathology ; Humans ; Neck ; pathology ; Pharynx ; pathology

ObjectiveTo study the relation ship between progressive cerebral infarction and thyroid hormone level,and analyze the risk factors of progressive cerebral infarction.MethodsThe thyroid hormone,triglyceride esters and fasting glucose levels of 48 patients with progressive cerebral infarction,138 patients with non-progressive cerebral infarction and 60 healthy subjects as control group were measured.ResultsCompared with the patients with non-progressive cerebral infarction,serum T3 of patients with progressive cerebral infarction was lower( P ＜0.05),and the levels of triglyceride ( TG),C-reactive protein ( CRP),and fasting blood glucose were higher ( all P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionPatients with progressive cerebral infarction were in a low level of thyroid hormones,and the increasing levels of TG,CRP,and fasting blood glucose were risk factors for progressive cerebral infarction.

Objective To investigate the effects of chin lift on the patency of upper airway in normal conscious adults using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods Sixteen healthy volunteers aged 21-35 yr with a body mass index of 17-26 kg/m2 were enrolled in this study.The subjects lay on their back with their heads slightly extended.The lower jaw was first left in standard position.The mouth was slightly open (the distance between the upper and lower incisors was 0.5 cm).The chin was then lifted upward.The upper airway (from the base of slull to the level of vocal cord) was scaned by MRI along the median sagital plane.The length of soft palate,root of tongue and epiglottis and the area of pharyngeal cavity were measured.The position of the rim of epiglottis was examined.The mean percentage changes induced by chin lift were calculated.Results Compared with standard position,chin lift significantly prolonged the length of soft palate,root of tongue and epiglottis and increased the area of pharyngeal cavity.The percentage change in the position of the rim of epiglottis was largest after chin lift.Conclusion Chin lift significantly improve the patency of the upper airway in conscious adult by changing the position of the rim of epiglottis and increasing the area of pharyngeal cavity.

Objective To evaluate the multi-spiral CT(MSCT)imaging features and classification of renal pelvis carcinoma.Meth-ods 76 patients of renal pelvis carcinoma proved pathologically were analyzed retrospectively,and divided into different types ac-cording to the MSCT features.The MSCT differences for different types were analyzed.Results Most of the tumors showed iso-density or slight hyperdensity (95%)on un-enhanced images,and persistent mild-to-moderate enhancement (91%)in enhanced im-ages.All cases were divided into three types:pelvic mass type in 30 cases (39%),substance invasion type in 25 cases (33%),wall thickening type in 21 cases (28%).All cases were also divided into two types:substance invasion type(25 cases,33%)and renal pelvis type(5 1 cases,67%).The occurrence rate of local low enhancement,whole kidney low enhancement,hydronephrosis,lymph node metastasis and vein tumor thrombus were 80%,20%,48%,52%,1 6% in substance invasion type cases,and 4%,42%, 75%,4%,6% in the renal pelvis type cases,respectivily.Conclusion MSCT multiphase enhancement scanning shows important valuation in the diagnosis and classification of renal pelvis carcinoma.Obvious differences of CT features are showed for different types.The diagnosis accuracy may be improved by the knowledge of substance invasion type.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of memory impairment in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods Thirty-five patients with aMCI and 35 healthy adults matched with age and education level were administered with a neuropsychological battery of tests including conception and perception implicit priming tasks (category exemplar, picture identification), as well as explicit memory tasks (immediate recall, delay recall, delay recognition ). Results Compared with healthy elders, patients with aMCI were impaired in the conception implicit priming task(t=-4.33, P<0.01), as well as in explicit memory (immediate recall, t=6.40, P<0.01;delay recall, t=9.29,P<0.01; delay recognition, t=7.65,P<0.01),but not in perception implicit priming task (t=-0.78, P＞0.05).The conception implicit priming is positively correlated with verbal fluency (r=0.74,P<0.01). Conclusions The present results indicate that patients with aMCI are impaired in both explicit memory and conception implicit priming. The conception implicit priming impairment in aMCI may be related to their frontal lobe dysfunction.

Poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication after ischemic stroke, which seriously affects the recovery of neurologic function and lowers the quality of daily life of patients. In a considerable portion of patients, the PSCI is reversible. This article reviews the influencing factors of cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke, including genetic predisposition, demographic factors, lifestyles, clinical manifestations, imaging findings and drug administration, etc. to provide references for prevention and intervention of PSCI.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and current status of surgical management for esophageal cancer in China.Methods:A national database was setup through a network platform. The clinical data of esophageal cancer treated by surgery was collected from 70 major hospitals in China between January 2009 and December 2014.Results:Complete data of 8 181 cases of esophageal cancer patients who underwent surgery were recorded in the database and recruited in the analysis. Among them, 6 052 cases were male and 2 129 were female, the average age was 60.5 years.The epidemiological investigation results showed that 148 cases (1.8%) had history of psychological trauma, 7 527 cases (92.0%) were lower social economic status, 5 072 cases (62.0%) were short of fresh vegetables and fruits, 6 544 cases (80.0%) ate rough food frequently, 3 722 cases (45.5%) drank untreated water directly from lake or river or shallow well, 3 436 cases (42.0%) had a unhealthy eating habit, including habits of eating food fast (507 cases, 6.2%), eating hot food or drinking hot tea/soup (998 cases, 12.2%), eating fried food (1 939 cases, 23.7%), 4 410 cases (53.9%) had the habits of smoking cigarettes and 2 822 cases (34.5%) drank white wine frequently.The pathological results showed that 7 813 cases (95.5%) were squamous cell carcinoma, 267 cases were adenocarcinoma (3.3%), 25 cases were adenosquamous cell carcinoma (0.3%) and 50 cases were small cell carcinoma (0.6%). A total of 1 800 cases (22.0%) received preoperative neoadjuvant therapy due to locally advanced disease or difficulty of resection. The esophagectomies were performed through left thoracotomy approach in 5 870 cases (71.8%), through right chest approach in 2 215 cases (27.1%), and the remain 96 cases (1.2%) received surgery though other approaches.A total of 8 001 cases (97.8%) underwent radical resection, the other 180 cases (2.2%) received palliative resection. The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 0.5%, the overall ≥ grade Ⅱ postoperative complication rate was 11.6% (951 cases). The 1-yr, 3-yr, and 5-yr overall actual survival rates were 82.6%, 61.6%, and 52.9%, respectively.Conclusions:The data analysis of the national database for esophageal cancer shows that bad eating habits or eating rough food without enough nutrients, lower social and economic status, drinking white wine and smoking cigarettes frequently may be correlated with tumorigenesis of esophageal cancer. However, strong evidences produced by prospective observation studies are needed. Overall, the long-term survival of esophageal cancer patients has been improved gradually due to the application of advanced surgical techniques and reasonable multimodality treatment.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and current status of surgical management for esophageal cancer in China.Methods:A national database was setup through a network platform. The clinical data of esophageal cancer treated by surgery was collected from 70 major hospitals in China between January 2009 and December 2014.Results:Complete data of 8 181 cases of esophageal cancer patients who underwent surgery were recorded in the database and recruited in the analysis. Among them, 6 052 cases were male and 2 129 were female, the average age was 60.5 years.The epidemiological investigation results showed that 148 cases (1.8%) had history of psychological trauma, 7 527 cases (92.0%) were lower social economic status, 5 072 cases (62.0%) were short of fresh vegetables and fruits, 6 544 cases (80.0%) ate rough food frequently, 3 722 cases (45.5%) drank untreated water directly from lake or river or shallow well, 3 436 cases (42.0%) had a unhealthy eating habit, including habits of eating food fast (507 cases, 6.2%), eating hot food or drinking hot tea/soup (998 cases, 12.2%), eating fried food (1 939 cases, 23.7%), 4 410 cases (53.9%) had the habits of smoking cigarettes and 2 822 cases (34.5%) drank white wine frequently.The pathological results showed that 7 813 cases (95.5%) were squamous cell carcinoma, 267 cases were adenocarcinoma (3.3%), 25 cases were adenosquamous cell carcinoma (0.3%) and 50 cases were small cell carcinoma (0.6%). A total of 1 800 cases (22.0%) received preoperative neoadjuvant therapy due to locally advanced disease or difficulty of resection. The esophagectomies were performed through left thoracotomy approach in 5 870 cases (71.8%), through right chest approach in 2 215 cases (27.1%), and the remain 96 cases (1.2%) received surgery though other approaches.A total of 8 001 cases (97.8%) underwent radical resection, the other 180 cases (2.2%) received palliative resection. The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 0.5%, the overall ≥ grade Ⅱ postoperative complication rate was 11.6% (951 cases). The 1-yr, 3-yr, and 5-yr overall actual survival rates were 82.6%, 61.6%, and 52.9%, respectively.Conclusions:The data analysis of the national database for esophageal cancer shows that bad eating habits or eating rough food without enough nutrients, lower social and economic status, drinking white wine and smoking cigarettes frequently may be correlated with tumorigenesis of esophageal cancer. However, strong evidences produced by prospective observation studies are needed. Overall, the long-term survival of esophageal cancer patients has been improved gradually due to the application of advanced surgical techniques and reasonable multimodality treatment.

Resection is one of the most important treatments for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and routine postoperative follow-up is an effective method for early detection and treatment of recurrent metastases, which can improve patients' quality of life and prognosis. This consensus aims to provide a reference for colleagues responsible for postoperative follow-up of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients in China, and further improve the standardization of the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.